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Through the open door of the room next to the editing suite at the offices of Mainframe Productions, near Oshodi, Lagos, a figure dressed in colorful agbada is visible, hunched over papers and books. Back turned to the door, he scribbles away, oblivious to all movement around him. But it is not difficult to know who it is. The cap tipped to the right and the brief side glance cast in reaction to approaching motion are enough to give him away, even if, as in such situations, a few moments lapse before recognition registers. The sight is riveting, forbidding and disorienting all at once. In more than an hour of chattering about the problems of Nigeria, I have been unaware of the presence in the same building of one of the iconic figures of the arts in Nigeria, probably at work making things even more complicated. It is late in the evening. We greet him and quickly withdraw, careful not to disturb him further. Walking out the building with cultural critic Toyin Akinosho at the end of a visit with the filmmaker Tunde Kelani, I also find it quite chastening.

Background and objectives: Ventricular fibrillation occurring in a patient can result in unexpected complications. Here, our aim is to present a case of ventricular fibrillation occurring immediately after anesthesia induction with etomidate administration. Case report: A fifty-six-year-old female patient with a pre-diagnosis of gallstones was admitted to the operating room for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The induction was performed by etomidate with a bolus dose of 0.3 mg/kg. Severe and fast adduction appeared in the patient's arms immediately after induction. A tachycardia with wide QRS and ventricular rate 188 beat/min was detected on the monitor. The rhythm turned to VF during the preparation of cardioversion. Immediately we performed defibrillation to the patient. Sinus rhythm was obtained. It was decided to postpone the operation due to the patient's unstable condition. Conclusion: In addition to other known side effects of etomidate, very rarely, ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation can be also seen. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case regarding etomidate causing VF in the literature.

The major objective of this study was to estimate heritability and genetic correlations between milk yield (MY) and calving interval (CI) and lactation length (LL) in Murrah buffaloes using Bayesian inference. The database used belongs to the genetic improvement program of four buffalo herds from Brazil. To obtain the estimates of variance and covariance, bivariate analyses were performed with the Gibbs sampler, using the program MTGSAM. The heritability coefficient estimates were 0.28, 0.03 and 0.15 for MY, CI and LL, respectively. The genetic correlations between MY and LL was moderate (0.48). However, the genetic correlation between MY and CI showed large HPD regions (highest posterior density interval). Milk yield was the only trait with clear potential for genetic improvement by direct mass selection. The genetic correlation between MY and LL indicates that indirect selection using milk yield is a potentially beneficial strategy. The interpretation of the estimated genetic correlation between MY and CI is difficult and could be spurious.

Objective: Studies to reduce the heterogeneity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have increased interest in the concept of sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT). The aim of this study was to investigate if the prevalence of two variable-number tandem repeats (VNTRs) located within the 3′-untranslated region of the DAT1 gene and in exon 3 of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene differ among four groups (31 subjects with SCT but no ADHD, 146 individuals with ADHD but no SCT, 67 subjects with SCT + ADHD, and 92 healthy controls). Methods: We compared the sociodemographic profiles, neurocognitive domains, and prevalence of two VNTRs in SCT and ADHD subjects versus typically developing (TD) controls. Results: The SCT without ADHD group had a higher proportion of females and lower parental educational attainment. Subjects in this group performed worse on neuropsychological tests, except for psychomotor speed and commission errors, compared to controls. However, the ADHD without SCT group performed significantly worse on all neuropsychological domains than controls. We found that 4R homozygosity for the DRD4 gene was most prevalent in the ADHD without SCT group. The SCT without ADHD group had the highest 7R allele frequency, differing significantly from the ADHD without SCT group. Conclusion: The 7R allele of DRD4 gene was found to be significantly more prevalent in SCT cases than in ADHD cases. No substantial neuropsychological differences were found between SCT and ADHD subjects.

This paper examines humanitarianism in the “Global South” through engaging with resilience projects in the Sahel and Lake Chad Basin (LCB) in Africa. It addresses how recent humanitarianism has moved away from top-down interventions which sought to either intervene to save those that have been rendered as “bare life” (Agamben, 1998: 4) by their own governments or improve the state’s —especially “fragile” and “failing” ones— capacity to govern, towards society-based projects which seek to produce resilient subjects. While previous accounts of security and development emphasized why fragile states and authoritarian regimes could constitute a threat to their people and the international system, society, or community, where justifications for interventions were based on their flouting of specific international norms and conventions. In contrast, recent humanitarianism has become less targeted at regime change as was evident with the reluctance that followed the unproductive cases in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Libya where assumptions that regime change, or democracy promotion could achieve or promote the ends of liberal governance. Moving away from these statist focus, post-intervention has moved towards strengthening the capacities of communities to withstand shocks, adapt and self-transform their own the broader social milieu. My contention is that the move towards resilience is not only an acknowledgement of the cognitive imperfections of the liberal subject but more importantly (Chandler, 2013b), it raises questions about historical claims concerning “liberal” and “illiberal” subjecthood. These imperfections have historically been reserved for non-whites and non-Europeans since the Enlightenment, i.e., issues related to (ir-)rationality and (un-)reason; the homo economicus is a myth after all (Thaler and Sunstein, 2009; Chandler, 2013a). By moving away from humanitarian activities that require intervention to post-intervention, which involves claims about the subject’s internal capacity to “self-govern” (Chandler, 2012; Chandler, 2013a), migration, development and security have become closely intertwined with some suggesting a migration-development-security nexus where humanitarian aid serves the purpose of accomplishing global governance of complexity (Stern and Öjendal, 2010; Truong and Gasper, 2011; Deridder et al., 2020). While useful, this paper problematizes this understanding of resilience which concerns itself with the biopolitics of enhancing life’s capacity to self-govern by unpacking the various ways in which “resilience processes are marked by inequities and by the consequences of a history of the coloniality of power, oppression, and privilege” (Atallah et al., 2021: 9), especially in the Global South. In particular, the move towards resilience has entailed further incursions into people’s lives such that various rationalities and techniques of governmentality target the population which may raise further questions when these populations are those of other countries or within regions that have a history of colonisation and subjugation. By reconceptualising biopolitics as racial biopolitics and by decentring the state and instead looking at assemblages, i.e., a multiplicity of actors and rationalities and technologies, and practices which function as totalities and produce passive or active agents with or without capacity for resistance, Deleuze and Guattari’s concept of agencement which is translated to English as “Assemblages”, is useful to capture the rationalities and techniques of resilience projects in the Sahel and LCB. I reconceptualise this powerful concept as “racialised assemblages,” made up of a set of “racial components” that produce “racialised ensembles,” i.e., a multiplicity of actors, rationalities, and technologies which attempt to interpellate subjects within these spheres of influence. This paper shows how resilience-building projects by Western state and non-state actors such as the United Kingdom, France and the EU and other humanitarian actors such as the International Organization for Migration (IOM) within the Sahel and the LCB are both exclusionary and raced and how these attempts seek to exploit the historical infantilization of the non-white subject or subjectivity within these regions. Engaging with humanitarian activities in the Sahel and LCB, the paper argues that through racialised and exclusionary racial biopolitics which function through racialised assemblages, European humanitarian aid and assistance through upstreaming border control management such as biometrics, exploit and sustain colonialities that seek achieve European outcomes abroad. While projects such as migration and border control in the Niger-Nigeria border through biometric management and development projects that seek to address the “root causes” of insecurity, underdevelopment and forced displacement are promoted as humanitarian issues and are facilitated through development aid, such racialised discourses and practices are a continuation of racist historical depictions associated with whiteness and non-whiteness which made assumptions about humans, the environment, and the relationship between the two. For those who emerged in European discourse as lacking the capacity to transform their environment, access to full personhood was either denied or delayed which could be found in recent attempts to interpellate persons and communities in the Sahel and LCB as “vulnerable” and “poor”, and states as “fragile” or “failing” to highlight their deficient resilience and how this could impact on other developed populations or countries who have achieved better resilience. For example, attempts to regularize various forms of desirable movements and criminalise others within the Sahel and LCB could be viewed as attempts to control those viewed as potentially risky to European security interests. For example, border policing and management posts in Konni-Illela and Eroufa in the Tahoua Region of Niger which both seek to manage and control movement across the Niger-Nigeria border are promoted as enhancing Niger’s own border management policy while it was set up through collaborative humanitarian efforts of various actors and was funded by the Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL) of the U.S. Department of State (IOM, 2023). This paper shows how these all constitute racialised biopolitical assemblages which attempt to govern complexity within the African context which is a continuation of various historical colonialities where their inherent infantilizing tendencies assume the incapacity of full self-governance, and self-transformation; they perpetuate colonialities which within the Sahel, may stifle other possibilities of non-Western resilience such as those associated with human relationality where the definitions of the human and the environment may be different and their relationship may be more complex. It becomes necessary to problematize the various resilience projects, including those that have explicit humanitarian dimensions such as “assistance” and “aid” by asking critical questions about what they do which could expose the ways in which those that experience them may resist these attempts. Further research should investigate the l ways in which individuals and communities in the Sahel interact with these resilience projects and how various so-called African partners —state and non-state— who play integral roles in facilitating and implementing them become positioned and how they position themselves. Such research could adopt focus groups, in-depth interviews, or ethnographic methods to capture ways in which resilience projects are engaged with, modified, or even resisted by those who emerge as targets of European post-interventionist racial biopolitics.

In this paper, we propose and study a Bilevel quasimonotone Variational Inequality Problem (BVIP) in the frame work of Hilbert space. We introduce a new modified inertial iterative technique with self-adaptive step size for approximating a solution of the BVIP. In addition, we established a strong convergence result of the proposed iterative technique with an adaptive step-size conditions without prior knowledge of Lipschitz’s constant of the cost operators as well as the strongly monotonicity coefficient under some standard mild assumptions. Finally, we provide some numerical experiments to demonstrate the efficiency of our proposed methods in comparison with some recently announced results in the literature.

Background: Although chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity is an emerging problem, limited information is available on the effects of chemotherapy on left ventricular (LV) mechanical functions in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Objective: We aimed to explore chemotherapy-induced alterations in cardiac mechanical functions in patients with NSCLC using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE). Methods: Seventy-one patients with NSCLC and 34 age and sex matched control subjects were consecutively included. Based on their good performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status), 39 patients were treated with paclitaxel plus carboplatin (PC) regimen and 32 patients were treated with vinorelbine plus cisplatin (VC) regimen. All patients and controls underwent conventional two-dimensional echocardiography and STE at baseline to assess their LV functions. The echocardiographic examinations of NSCLC patients were repeated after the chemotherapy regimens. Results: None of the NSCLC patients developed any signs or symptoms of clinical heart failure during or after the chemotherapy. There were not any significant differences in LV ejection fraction between NSCLC patients and controls before and after chemotherapy. There were not any significant differences in baseline LV global longitudinal strain (GLS), radial strain (RS), and circumferential strain (CS) between NSCLC patients and controls. However, all LV GLS, RS and CS significantly decreased in patients treated with the PC regimen resulting in a significant difference compared to both VC group and controls while no significant decreases were observed in strain measures in VC group. Conclusion: Paclitaxel plus carboplatin, but not VC, may induce subclinical cardiotoxicity in patients with NSCLC, which may be detected by STE. Resumo: Introdução: Embora a cardiotoxicidade induzida pela quimioterapia seja um problema emergente, existe informação limitada sobre os efeitos da quimioterapia na função do ventrículo esquerdo (VE) em doentes com cancro do pulmão não de pequenas células (CPNPC). Objetivo: Avaliar alterações induzidas pela quimioterapia na função cardíaca em doentes com CPNPC utilizando a ecocardiografia de speckle tracking (EST). Métodos: Foram incluídos consecutivamente 71 doentes com CPNPC e 34 indivíduos caso controlo emparelhados por idade e género. Com base no seu desempenho (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status), 39 doentes foram tratados com regime de paclitaxel e carboplatina (PC) e 32 doentes foram tratados com regime de vinorelbina e cisplatina (VC). Todos os doentes e casos controlo foram submetidos a ecocardiografia bidimensional convencional (2DE) e a EST na fase basal para avaliar a função VE. As avaliações ecocardiográficas dos doentes com CPNPC foram repetidas após quimioterapia. Resultados: Nenhum dos doentes com CPNPC desenvolveu qualquer sinal ou sintoma clínico de insuficiência cardíaca durante ou após a quimioterapia. Não houve diferenças significativas na fração de ejeção do VE entre os doentes com CPNPC e os casos controlo antes e depois da quimioterapia. Não houve diferenças significativas nos valores basais da deformação longitudinal global do VE (GLS), deformação radial (RS) e deformação circunferencial (CS) do VE entre os doentes com CPNPC e os casos controlo. No entanto, todos os valores de deformação miocárdica VE diminuíram significativamente nos doentes tratados com o regime CP, resultando numa diferença significativa em comparação tanto com o grupo CV como com os casos controlo, embora não se tenham observado diminuições significativas nas medidas de strain no grupo VC. Conclusão: Apenas a PC, mas não a VC, pode induzir cardiotoxicidade subclínica em doentes com CPNPC, o que pode ser detetado por ecocardiografia de speckle tracking.

Background and Objective: The rise of academic cyberloafing — the non-academic use of internet connections during class — has emerged as a concern within the university context. While cyberloafing in the workplace has received ample attention, its counterpart in educational settings, particularly in Nigeria, remains less explored. This study aimed to explore and describe the experiences and perspectives of undergraduate students at a private Nigerian university regarding cyberloafing. Method: Using an adaption of the Cyberloafing in Educational Settings Scale, this study targeted a class of 15 final-year library and information science students. Data collected online underwent qualitative description and was presented verbatim. Results: Though students were unfamiliar with the term 'cyberloafing,' they acknowledged participating in such behaviors. The findings revealed habitual social media use during class hours, the employment of online tools for academic purposes, and a prevalent trend of gaming activities, often driven by internet addiction and boredom. Students also conveyed an understanding of the potential downsides and benefits of digital engagements during academic hours. Conclusion: The study urges university policymakers to implement measures promoting positive internet use and incorporate ethical cyber behavior awareness into curricula. It further recommends that parents and lecturers foster proper online usage and advocates for society-wide campaigns to raise awareness about ethical digital technology behavior.

Industrial policies in Africa have been characterized with the problem of government. Government has various tools to influence the market, government creates rules and frameworks in which businesses compete against each other from time to time, the government will now change these rules and framework forcing businesses to change the way they operate. Due to these reasons, the objectives of the study were to examine the influence of industrial estate on venture creation, to determine the impact of policy implementation on firm’s production capacity, thirdly, to investigate the effect of public health policy on business growth. The ex-post facto method was employed. The population consists of the employees of pharmaceutical industry in Lagos, Nigeria. Slovin Sample size determination formula was adopted to determine the sample size. The data was analyzed using manual and electronic based methods through the data preparation grid and statistical package for the social sciences, (SPSS). Linear regression and ANOVA method was employed. The study found out that Industrial estate has a positive influence on venture creation such that industrial estate affected venture creation. Findings from hypothesis two shows a positive relationship between policy implementation and firm production capacity. The result of hypothesis three revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between public health policy and business growth. Thus, the study recommends that government should continue to play their regulatory role in the promotion of industrial policies in the country and also business organizations should also obey and implement public health policies.

The Covid-19 pandemic resulted in a global lockdown and the cessation of all academic activities on-site. Higher education in Nigeria was not exempt, as a paradigm shift was required for university officials to explore non-conventional teaching methods to prevent students from wasting time and to keep them intellectually engaged. During the pandemic, our research examines how a private institution in Ede, Osun State, Nigeria, utilised the social networking platform WhatsApp for Ph.D. student seminars. The study obtained data from ten doctoral students in the Department of Library and Information Science at Adeleke University via online interviews. The difficulties faced by the students and the benefits of utilising ICT were highlighted. Due to the constant insecurity and poor road network in Nig eria, as well as the risk of long-distance travel, especially for postgraduate students who are not always resident on campus, we recommend the continued use of E-learning platforms in Higher Education Institutions as a solution to reducing transportation costs.

The ever-popular discussion in African literary circles is critically about language choices that African writers make in their creative endeavors. This is part of this write-up’s focus plus the plight of African languages with attention to the benefit and challenges for their empowerment. We set out to achieve two goals in this essay; first contributing to the ongoing discussions on African mother tongues, their vital roles in African literatures while characterizing pointers on proficiency and performance. Second, considering the use of Yoruba language in creative works of late Akínwùmí Oròjídé Iṣọ̀lá. Expectedly, the latter goal will exemplify the importance of indigenous languages to African writers. In pursuance of these dual goals, it is critical to highlight areas in which African writers, especially those writing in their native African languages, have endured to play crucial roles in promotion of African languages. These highlighted areas go beyond now fashionable and expressed goal of focusing on literature in African languages (splendor in African languages) onto push for fairness for languages and their speakers (linguistic justice).

The Laws and Customs of the Yorùbá People chronicles the prevalent customary practices and native laws of the Yorùbá people who have their ancestral home in South Western Nigeria and descendants in several cities around the world by virtue of forced and voluntary migrations. The book draws from extensive research – including painstaking collection of materials from several sub-groupings within the Yorùbá ethnic group. Ajisafe Moore acknowledges in the preface that the laws and customs of the Yorùbá people vary within the different Yorùbá sub-groupings. The book however sought to address customs and laws that are generally applicable across the entire Yorùbá ethnic group. It is not clear when The Laws and Customs of the Yoruba People (henceforth Laws and Customs) was actually published. The author’s reference in the preface to 1906 as the time when he commenced his research efforts for the book provides a first pointer to possible publication of the work in early twentieth century. Other sources such as the LitCaf Encyclopedia list laws and customs as being published in 1924, eight years after the publication of the first edition of Ajisafe Moore’s self-published work, History of Abeokuta in 1916 (reissued in 1948 and 1964 and now part of the United Kingdom’s Royal Collection Trust). James S. Coleman’s Nigeria: Background to Nationalism (1958) cites Laws and Customs as one of the “tribal and national histories of major ethnic groups” published in English in 1946 (Coleman, 1958: 327). Kash and Klare Bookshop, Lagos, Nigeria was listed as the publisher. Tis latter 320 Akinloye Ojo and Kingsley Opia-Enwemuche publication date of 1946 meant that Laws and Customs was a posthumous publication for Ajisafe Moore who passed away in 1940.

Alàgbà Adébáyọ Fálétí to generations both in “town and gown” is a Yorùbá ̀ iconic cultural statement. His life was a window to different historical epochs in Nigeria. A life that spanned and recorded historical trajectories of early colonial, decolonisation, independent movement, First and Second World Wars, and Nigerian Civil War, Military and Civilian Rules experiences of Nigeria, is worth studying. The Institute of Cultural Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile Ife in recognition of the deep engraving of the footprints of Fálétí in the sands of Yorùbá, indeed African times, called for befitting academic and cultural activities. Among these are this art and artifacts exhibition, a Colloquium, a Playlet and Documentary Film Show. Fálétí’s intense dedication to the promotion of the Yorùbá ọmọlúàbí cultural ethos and his deployment of his God-given talents and acquired capabilities in the promotion of Yorùbá literary and visual arts, history, poetry, orature, cinema and indeed 1 This is a review of the 2-week pictorial, art and artifacts exhibition in Honor of Alagba Adebayo Faleti in 2017 at the Institute of Cultural Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, curated by Akinsola Adejuwon and Seyi Ogunjobi. Reviews 192 Akinsola Adejuwon African arts in general, is not lost on all Fálétí enthusiasts. Furthermore, his remarkable service as Senior Art Fellow at the Institute of Cultural Studies OAU completes the Institute’s resolution to capture the worthy legacy in the appropriate location even with the inauguration of an Alàgbà Adébáyọ Fálétí ̀ Library, Institute of Cultural Studies. Within a lifetime of close to one century, Fálétí delivers perhaps unique classical Yorùbá messages in words matched with action, first to Africa and then the world. This review looks at the pictorial and art exhibition covering the world of Alàgbà Adébáyọ̀ Akande Fálétí. It is an assessment of a thematic display of selected pictures and objects which probably placed the observer within the environment and with people Fálétí related with. The images, pictures, artworks and objects in the display were segmented into five major parts. These focused mainly on Alàgbà Fálétí’s parentage, early childhood, education within pristine Yorùbá-driven legacies of the Ọyọ̀ -́ Yorùbá type, Family life over-written from data flowing from core Yorùbá ethical and artistic ‘motherboard.’ Represented also are years of adolescence and expressions of early youthful forays under various tutelary influences, variegated working periods, writing and acting plus public service careers. Alàgbà Fálétí’s childhood coincided with the period when the British Colonial Government had taken over administration of entire geographical space known as Nigeria. In spite of introduction of foreign culture and customs into Nigeria by the Europeans, Yorùbá culture remained resilient. Hence, we could imagine that the childhood of Alàgbà Fálétí was not radically different from Samuel Johnson’s description of features of Yorùbá childhood as characterised by ‘freedom’ (Johnson: 2009, pp.98-100). These facets of life are arranged in a flow of one hundred and thirty-two frames of pictures and images appropriately hanged on the gallery wall boards, awards, artworks and objects displayed on individual stands. The montage produced by the flow of images on exhibition probably rallied to install both the titular and tutelar toga of ‘Alàgbà’ on Fálétí. Perhaps this also developed from a character evincing deep and cultured qualities over the last century. Qualities projectable only from such roundly home-grown dignitary. An all-round Yorùbá man from the core to the marked skin on his face.

Introduction to Volume 1, No. 2.

Apileko yii pitan ididele eko ede Yoruba ni orile-ede Amerika, o si so olokanojokan awon isoro to n koju awon oluko ati akekoo ede Yoruba ni orile-ede naa, ki o too wa wo sakun ojo-ola eto eko naa nile Amerika. Lara awon aba ti apileko yii gbe kale ki ojo-olo ede Yoruba le dara sii ni: kiko iwe ikoni to ba igba mu, to si see lo pelu imo ero, fifun awon akekoo ni imoran nipa iwulo kiko ede ajoji bi ede akonkunteni, fifi enu ko nipa fonti lati maa fi te Yoruba lori konputa ati odiwon fun ikoni lekoo, titi o fi kan ipese anfani fun awon akekoo lati lo si Naijiria nibi ti awon elede naa ti n lo o ni gbogbo igba.

Ijapa bo, o ni ohun ti eniyan ba moo se, bi idan nii ri. Amo sa, ki i le se ohunkohun lo dabi idan, igbaradi ati ipalemo to ye se pataki pupo. Ninu apileko yii, a o soro nipa okan pataki ninu awom eroja ti o se koko fun kiko ajoji ni ede ati asa Yoruba ni akoyege. Eroja yi ni ise ti oluko kookan gbodo se lati da orisi awon akekoo ti won wa ni kilaasi mo ati lati yara se amodaju orisi ona ti onikaluku won n gba kekoo paapaa julo ikede won. Awon itoka ti a se ninu apileko yii yoo da lorii gbogdo iriri ati akitiyan ti a ti n se fun igba die ti a ti nko orisiriawon ajoji ni ede ati asa Yoruba ni ilu Amerika. Laarin akoko yi, a ti ko awon akekoo yunifasiti ti o le nigba ni akoyege. Enikan ki i gbon tan. Yato si iriri tiwa, a o tun mulo lara imo awon ti won ti n ko ajoji ni ede ati asa Yoruba nile ati lokeere fun igba die lati fi kun gbogbo alaye inu apileko yi. Aleye awon rikan ti a ti ri pe o se koko, ti o si ti wulo ninu akiti-yan atiko awon ajoji lede ati lasa abinibi wa ni a se akojopo re sino apileko yii.

O presente estudo investiga a estrutura de sintagmas nominais com complemento of- do inglês nigeriano, comparando os achados sobre as variedades britânica e ganense. O complemento of- é alto em frequência e é um complemento típico que tem tendências estruturais para recursividade e complexidade. Uma revisão da literatura explicando a hipótese da simplificação estrutural (Gorlach, 1998) sugere que a estrutura do complemento (ou qualquer outro tipo) recebeu pouca atenção. Talvez esses escassos trabalhos mostrem os diferentes argumentos que cercam seu status sintático e teórico em diferentes descrições gramaticais. Ao contrário de muitas estruturas de Sintagmas Nominais (SN) anteriores, Huddleston chr(38)amp; Pullum (2002, 2004) argumentam que os complementos não são apenas um elemento sintático dentro da estrutura do SN, mas também que eles são de status sintático obrigatório como um substantivo principal dentro de um SN. Esta estrutura conceitua o encaixe do complemento como uma parte importante no esquema para uma estrutura SN, visà-vis sua complexidade. Assim, um exame sério da complexidade do SN consideraria a cooperação (relação) entre um complemento e os outros elementos sintáticos que constituem a estrutura do SN. Esta é uma das muitas questões que o presente estudo esclarece. Com base nas variáveis que representam a função sintática e o tipo de texto, juntamente com a análise de corpus de SNs extraídos do componente nigeriano do International Corpus of English (ICE), o comportamento estrutural do complemento à luz de outros elementos internos que constituem uma estrutura SN é demonstrado Verifica-se que é menos provável que um complemento co-ocorra com outros elementos internos (20%). Além disso, mostra-se que um complemento é susceptível de co-ocorrer com elementos pré-nominais (30%). Outrossim, o artigo mostra que um tipo estrutural de complemento representando o complemento h (isto é, uma estrutura SN que consiste em um substantivo principal + um complemento, veja Huddleston chr(38)amp; Pullum 2002, 2004 e Akinlotan chr(38)amp; Housen, 2017) é mais provável de ocorrer (26%) como uma estrutura de SN, do que co-ocorrer com elementos pós-nominais (24%). A hipótese da simplificação estrutural manifesta-se em nossos dados de corpus, pois descobre-se que um complemento tem maior probabilidade de ser estruturado de forma simples (54%) do que complexa (46%). Sobre a força preditiva da função sintática e tipo de texto (Biber et al. , 1999; Schilk chr(38)amp; Schuab, 2016; Akinlotan, 2017), o estudo define a função sintática como um melhor preditor do que o tipo de texto

Background and Objectives: Lichen planus (LP) is a mucocutaneous inflammatory disease. Inflammation plays a major role in the progression of atherosclerosis. Epicardial fat tissue (EFT) has been shown to produce and secrete various proatherogenic and proinflammatory hormones and cytokines. The aim of this study was to assess EFT in patients with lichen planus. Methods: Fifty-four patients with LP and 50 controls were enrolled in the study. LP was diagnosed according to the World Health Organization criteria. EFT was measured on the free wall of the right ventricle in parasternal long-axis view, as previously described and validated. Results: There were positive correlations between EFT thickness and platelet/lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, duration of LP, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (p

ABSTRACT This study investigated the effects of different levels (0.05, 0.1, and 0.2%) of yeast culture supplementation on body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg production, egg weight, egg quality traits, egg yolk fatty acid composition, and microbiological flora in feces. A total of 240 laying hens at 18-19 weeks of age were divided into four groups and fed a basal diet containing 2750 kcal/kg metabolizable energy and 16% crude protein for 16 weeks. The basal diet was supplemented with 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2% commercial yeast culture product obtained from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The different levels of yeast culture supplementation to the diets did not statistically affect body weight change among the treatments. However, feed intake was lowest in the group fed 0.2% of yeast culture. The highest egg weights were obtained from the groups fed 0.1 and 0.2% yeast culture, when compared with control group. Regarding fatty acid composition, linolenic acid (C18:2 n6) was lowest in the group fed 0.2% yeast culture. However, yeast culture supplementation to the diet did not alter the microbial flora. Yeast culture (S. cerevisiae) supplementation to the diet of laying hens is beneficial for increasing feed intake and egg weight of laying hens without affecting the microbial flora in their digestive system.

Os recursos hídricos serão mais afetados pelas mudanças climáticas. Tendo em vista que a agricultura nos países pobres depende enormemente do volume de precipitação, os efeitos das mudanças climáticas serão particularmente maiores nestes países. Todo esforço para melhorar a eficiência do uso da água é valido. Este trabalho apresenta um relatório do desenvolvimento do sistema de nano-irrigação usando argila moldada. O material de argila foi extraído localmente de um depósito próximo à comunidade de Isan-Ekiti, Nigéria. Quantidades variadas de serragem foi misturada à argila antes do molde. Como resultado, encontramos sete diferentes formas de tratar a argila de acordo com as razões de serragem: 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50 e 40:60. As amostras foram submetidas a sundagem e mais tarde foram disparadas no forno a 700 o C. Este processo ajudou a reforçar os moldes e eliminar os burnouts de serragem. A partir do teste de descarga de água realizado através da conexão do emissor à extremidade de descarga de uma mangueira de água, o tratamento de 80:20 apresentou alta de 8,6 x 10-6 l / s (aproximadamente 1 litro / dia). As descargas correspondentes de 70:30, 60:40, 50:50 e 40:60 foram 4,3 x 10-5 l / s (2 litros / dia), 1,6 x 10-5 l / s (aproximadamente 4 litros / dia), 1,4 x 10-5 l / s (aproximadamente 5 litros / dia) e 1,2 x 10-5 l / s (aproximadamente 7 litros / dia). Em comparação com a fabricação comercial de drippers pela Netafim Ltd, a descarga foi muito mais eficiente na redução da perda de água de irrigação. A amostra de 70:30 foi considerada mais adequada para satisfazer a descarga de quantidade de água equivalente ao requisito de água dos vegetais de abóbora e okra. Isso foi confirmado no experimento de campo realizado com estas culturas. Na plataforma de utilização de materiais, o emissor desenvolvido apresentou um custo-efetivo 100 vezes melhor do que o pote de cozinha, e o retorno econômico para a mulher rural supera em muito o de outros produtos de cerâmica.

Meu primeiro encontro com Bertha foi em uma sessão das comissões da UniãoGeográfica Internacional no Congresso Internacional de 1972.