1. Hemorroidectomia: estudo de 2.417 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia para tratamento da doença hemorroidária
- Author
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Sandra Kely Alves de Almeida Santana, Peterson Martins Neves, Marina Neves Zerbini de Faria, Renata Magali Ribeiro Silluzio Ferreira, Jorge Luiz Santana, and Geraldo Magela Gomes da Cruz
- Subjects
Hemorrhoidectomy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pregnancy ,Anorectal disease ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Gastroenterology ,tratamento cirúrgico da doença hemorroidária ,hemorrhoidal disease surgical treatment ,Mean age ,Surgical procedures ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Hemorroidectomia ,Open haemorrhoidectomy ,Hemorrhoids ,medicine ,and surgery ,business ,Anal stricture ,cirurgia anal - Abstract
Em 34.000 pacientes coloproctológicos foi feito o diagnóstico de DH, como doença coloproctológica principal, em 9.289 pacientes (27,3%), dos quais 2.417 (26,0%) foram submetidos à hemorroidectomia. O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar estes 2.417 pacientes submetidos à hemorroidectomia, com análise dos aspectos epidemiológicos (idades, sexos), dos aspectos envolvendo a cirurgia (posições do pacientes, anestesias usadas e técnicas cirúrgicas praticadas e complicações cirúrgicas), comparando os achados com os da literatura correlata. Dos 2.417 pacientes operados a maioria apresentava hemorróidas de terceiro (30,5%) e de quarto (60,2%). Predominou, de forma estatisticamente significativa, a incidência de DH entre mulheres (5.007 mulheres, 53,9%) sobre homens (4.282 homens, 46,1%), bem como de cirurgias (1.330 mulheres ou 26,6% de 9.289 portadores de DH ou 55,0% dos 2.417 operados). A média etária dos pacientes por ocasião do diagnóstico foi 39,9 anos, sendo 74,8% entre 21 e 50 anos de idade; e a média etária por ocasião da cirurgia foi 41,6 anos, sendo 71,8% entre 21 e 50 anos de idade. Foram encontradas, por ocasião do diagnóstico da DH 1.122 casos (12,1%) de doenças anais concomitantes, sobretudo fissuras anais (5,8%) e hipertrofia de papilas anais (3,4%). A incidência de DAC operadas foi de 30,1% (729 pacientes), sendo a fissurectomia (13,1%) e a papilectomia (11,0%) as duas DAC mais comumente operadas em concomitância à DH. Dos 2.417 pacientes operados de DH 45 pacientes (1,9%) foram operados de outras doenças que não no ânus, sobretudo plástica de períneo e varizes de membros inferiores, tendo, ainda, 26 pacientes (2,0%) sido operados em situações patológicas e fisiológicas especiais, sobretudo gravidez (8 casos, 0,3%). A anestesia mais usada foi a peridural (42,3%) e a local associada à analgesia (34,9%); as posições na mesa cirúrgica mais usadas foram o decúbito lateral esquerdo de Sims (58,4%) e "em canivete" (40,1%); e a técnica cirúrgica mais usada foi a técnica aberta (Milligan-Morgan) (2.014 casos, 83,3%). Foram observadas 76 complicações (3,1%), sobretudo estenoses anais (40 casos, 1,8%) e hemorragia anal (21 casos, 0,9%). The author had the opportunity in a 38-year period of practice in Coloproctology, to attend 34,000 patients. Diagnose of hemorrhoid as the main cause of the symptoms presented was achieved in 9,289 patients (27.3%). 2,417 of the 9,289 patients (26.0%) underwent hemorroidectomy. The aim of this report is to analyse 2,417 operated patients as far as epidemiologic aspects are concerned (age and gender), surgical procedures (table operative position, anesthesy, surgical techniques, associated anorectal diseases as well as surgical complications). Results are correlated to the literature. Most of the patients submitted to hemorrhoidectomy presented third (30.5%) and fourth grade (60.2%) hemorrhoid. As far as gender is concerned the incidence of hemorrhoid was statistically significant higher among women (5,007 cases, 53.9%) than in men (4,282 cases, 46.1%). And although not statistically significant surgery for hemorrhoid in women (1,330 : 5,007) was more common (26.6%) than in men (1,087 : 4,282) (25.4%). But in relation to the patients who underwent hemorrhoidectomy (2,417) surgery was statistically significant more common among women (1,330 : 2,417 or 55.0%) than in men (1,087 : 2,417 or 45.0%). Mean age of the patients by occasion of diagnose of hemorrhoids was 39.9 year-old, being 74.8% between 21 and 50 year of age; and mean age by occasion of surgery was 41.6 year-old, being 71.8% between 21 and 50 year of age. In 1,122 patients haemohrroids were associated with several anorectal diseases (12.1%), mainly anal fissures (5.8%) and hyperthrofied anal papila (3.4%). The incidence of surgery for associated anorectal disease was 13.1% (729 patients), being fissurectomy (13.1%) and papilectomy (11.0%) the two most frequently surgery carried out during hemorrhoidal approach. 45 patients (1.9%) were operated for other extra-anal diseases, mainly gynecologic surgery; and 26 patients (2.0%) presented systemic diseases and physiologic conditions as pregnancy (8 cases, 0,3%). The most frequently used anesthesia was peridural (42.3%) and local associated to analgesia (34.9%). Sim's (58.4%) and knife-position (40.1%) were the on table most used operative positions, being open haemorrhoidectomy (2,014 cases, 83.3%) the most frequently used surgical technique. There were 76 cases of surgical complications (3.1%) being anal stricture (40 cases, 1.8%) and postoperative bleeding (21 cases, 0,9%) the two most common complications.
- Published
- 2006