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El fenómeno de adaptación biológica está presente en el currículum de ciencias de los diferentes niveles educativos, siendo analizado críticamente por investigadores en didáctica. Este artículo, presenta una revisión sistemática de 15 artículos sobre un conjunto de ideas clave relacionadas con la enseñanza del fenómeno en mención, siendo el propósito determinar aspectos involucrados en los obstáculos epistemológicos reportados en la literatura; identificándose algunas implicaciones teleológicas relacionadas con la construcción de explicaciones sobre el fenómeno de adaptación, a partir de tres categorías denominadas: análisis representacional, sesgos cognitivos y abordaje didáctico. Se determinó que los obstáculos epistemológicos reportados en la literatura sobre el fenómeno de adaptación biológica, están fuertemente ligados a la teleología, para enfrentar esta situación, se propone desde el campo de la didáctica de la biología diseñar e implementar propuestas de enseñanza que proporcionen evidencias en contra de supuestos teleológicos inadecuados.

High demand for fresh fruit and vegetables requires the implementation of techniques to extend the shelf life of these highly perishable products. A widely used method for this purpose is the refrigeration; however, it is known that most of the vegetables preserved in this way evidence chilling injury signs during storage. Eggplants cv C029 recently harvested were stored at 13°C packed into low-density polyethylene bags either with perforations (PPB), vacuum packaged (VPB), or unpacked during 5, 10, 15 and 20 days to evaluate the effect of chilling on physicochemical characteristics and visual appearance. Unpacked Eggplants presented remarkable chilling injury symptoms, losing its commercial quality before 10d of storage. Fruit stored in VPB showed discoloration affecting visual appearance but maintains the phenolic compounds and avoided pulp and seeds browning. Eggplants packed in PPB showed the best results in this work, preserving overall characteristics during 15d.

Introducción: la maloclusión es el tercer problema de salud pública en la escala de prioridades de los problemas de salud bucal dada su gran incidencia y su carácter de manifestación precoz. Objetivo: caracterizar el comportamiento de los factores de riesgo de la maloclusión dentaria en adolescentes. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal de un universo de 35 adolescentes de 11-13 años del grupo 7mo. 1 en la ESBU “Sergio Eloy Correa Cosme”, perteneciente al municipio de Guantánamo en los meses de septiembre-noviembre de 2017. Se recolectó la información a partir de una guía de observación. La información se procesó con la ayuda del paquete estadístico SPSS, versión 23.0. Resultados: el 71,4 % de la población tuvo factores de riesgo, de ellos predominaron los hábitos deformantes como la onicofagia con un 25,7 % y el empuje lingual con un 22,9 % de la población total. Presentó maloclusión el 60 % de la población con predominio en los varones. Conclusiones: presentó maloclusión más de la mitad de la población, de los cuales predominaron los masculinos. El mayor porcentaje de la población presentó factores de riesgo, de ellos los que más predominaron fueron los hábitos deformantes como la onicofagia y el empuje lingual.

OBJETIVO: Estudo retrospectivo comparando resultados da IA e da IP em pacientes operados com o diagnóstico de EIA (tipo 1 de Lenke). MÉTODOS: Os resultados de 24 pacientes com idade de 11 a 18 anos com EIA tipo Lenke I e submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico por meio da abordagem anterior (12 pacientes) ou posterior (12 pacientes) foram comparados. Todos os pacientes foram operados pelo mesmo cirurgião e seguidos por um período mínimo de cinco anos. As variáveis de comparação incluíram: correção sagital e coronal, distância da vértebra apical a linha média, rotação da vértebra apical, número de vértebras instrumentadas e variáveis funcionais por meio do questionário SRS-22. Os dados obtidos foram analisados com a versão 9 do programa SAS. Os dois grupos foram comparados com o teste t de Student com um nível de significância de 5% (0,05). RESULTADOS: A correção da curva no plano frontal no pós-operatório imediato (p = 0,031), tardio (p = 0,043) e também a rotação da vértebra apical no pós-operatório imediato (p = 0,002) e tardio (p = 0,021) no grupo de pacientes submetidos à correção por meio da abordagem anterior. O número de vértebras instrumentadas foi 7,69 ± 1,38 no grupo de pacientes submetidos a IA e 11,38 ± 2,92 na IP (p = 0,021). A avaliação funcional (SRS-22) não demonstrou diferença significativa (p > 0,05) entre os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: O grupo de pacientes submetidos à correção da escoliose por instrumentação anterior apresentou maior correção no plano frontal, maior derrotação da vértebra apical e menor número de vértebras artrodesadas.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the results of AI and PI in patients diagnosed with Lenke type I curves who were treated surgically. METHODS: The results of 24 patients aged 11 to 18 years with Lenke type I idiopathic scoliosis who underwent surgery with anterior (12 patients) or posterior (12 patients) instrumentation were compared. All patients were operated by the same surgeon and were followed up for a minimum period of five years. Variables for comparison include: coronal and sagittal correction, distance from apical vertebra to midline, apical vertebral rotation, number of instrumented vertebrae and functional variables by means of the SRS-22 questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed with the SAS program, version 9. The two groups were compared with a 2-tailed Student's t-test with a level of significance set at 5% (0.05). RESULTS: The correction of the curve on the frontal plane was higher at immediate (p=0.031) and late postoperative (p=0.043) as well the apical vertebral rotation during immediate (p=0.002) and late (p=0.019) evaluation in the anterior spinal fusion group. The number of instrumented vertebrae was 7.69±1.38 in the anterior spinal fusion patients and 11.38±2.92 in the posterior spine fusion patients (p=0.021). Functional assessment (SRS-22) showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between groups. CONCLUSION: Anterior spine fusion patients presented greater scoliosis correction on frontal plane, greater derotation of apical vertebrae and smaller number of fused vertebrae.

Introduction: malocclusion is the third public health issue in the scale of priorities of oral health problems due to its high incidence and its early manifestation. Objective: to characterize the behavior of dental malocclusion risk factors in adolescents. Method: a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted, from September throughout November 2017, in a total of 35 adolescents (as universe) aged 11-13 years in the classroom 7mo.1 at the ESBU "Sergio Eloy Correa Cosme", located in Guantánamo municipality. Information was collected using an observation guide. The information was processed with the support of the SPSS statistical package, version 23.0. Results: the 71.4% of the population had risk factors, of which deforming habits such as onychophagia (25.7%) and tongue thrusting (22.9%) predominated. Malocclusion was present in 60% of the population, with predominance in males. Conclusions: more than half of the population presented malocclusion, of which males predominated. Most of the population presented risk factors, of which the most predominant were deforming habits such as onychophagia and tongue thrusting.