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Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Iluminuras is the property of Revista Iluminuras and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the impact of the fiscal austerity policy (PAF) on health spending in Brazilian municipalities, considering population size and source of funds. METHODS The interrupted time series method was used to analyze the effect of the PAF on total expenditure, resources transferred by the Federal Government, and own/state per capita resources allocated to health in the municipalities. The time series analyzed covered the period from 2010 to 2019, every six months. The first semester of 2015 was adopted as the start date of the intervention. The municipalities were grouped into small (up to 100,000 inhabitants), medium (101,000 to 400,000 inhabitants), and large (over 400,000 inhabitants). The data was obtained from the Sistema de Informações sobre Orçamentos Públicos em Saúde (Information System on Public Health Budget). RESULTS The results for the national average of municipalities show that the PAF had a negative impact on the level of total expenditure and own/state resources allocated to health in the first half of 2015, without causing statically significant changes in the trends of any of the indicators analyzed in the period after 2015. Small municipalities saw a drop in total expenditure, while large municipalities saw a drop in own/state resources, and medium-sized municipalities saw a drop in both variables. There was no statistically significant drop in the volume of funds transferred by the Federal Government in the immediate aftermath of the implementation of the PAF in any of the municipal groups analyzed. In the medium-term, the PAF only had a negative impact on the large municipalities, which saw significant reductions in the trends of own/state resources and those transferred by the Union for health. CONCLUSION In general, the impact of the PAF on health financing in municipalities was immediate and based on the decrease in own/state resources allocated to health. In large municipalities, however, the impact lasted from 2015 to 2019, mainly affecting health expenditure from federal funds.

This article is an experience report on the implementation of the Extension Program "Escola da Natureza" (School of Nature), through which it is intended to build a learning community of sustainable and regenerative practices on the Varginha campus of the Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Brazil. In summary, the article details the construction process of an agroforestry system (AFS) on the campus mentioned above, between 2021 and 2023, presenting photos of its current state, characterizes the main conceptual foundations of the initiative: right to the city and regenerative urbanism, and presents the actions planned to build this learning community from the year 2023 onwards. The Escola da Natureza Program is a concrete example of the materialization of the extension-research-teaching interface, and its relevance in the contemporary context of the ecological crisis lies in highlighting the potential of universities in offering sustainable and regenerative solutions to societal problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the enormous challenges cities face due to the climate crisis dramatically and urgently affecting Brazil, as seen recently in Rio Grande do Sul, in this editorial we discuss the administration's contributions in reflecting and acting on urban management and governance. RAC has pioneered addressing conceptual boundaries, interdisciplinary approaches, and the relationship between theory and practice, valuing knowledge production that can help confront contemporary challenges. In this context, discussing the role of administration and its contribution to urban management is essential to inspire professors, researchers, and professionals in our field to co-create more resilient, fair, and sustainable cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the enormous challenges cities face due to the climate crisis dramatically and urgently affecting Brazil, as seen recently in Rio Grande do Sul, in this editorial we discuss the administration’s contributions in reflecting and acting on urban management and governance. RAC has pioneered addressing conceptual boundaries, interdisciplinary approaches, and the relationship between theory and practice, valuing knowledge production that can help confront contemporary challenges. In this context, discussing the role of administration and its contribution to urban management is essential to inspire professors, researchers, and professionals in our field to co-create more resilient, fair, and sustainable cities.

This article presents the main results of a research conducted on lynchings in three Brazilian metropolis from three distinct regions: Manaus, Greater São Luís, and Greater Vitória. By analyzing newspapers articles, we obtained the frequency of cases, the proportion of deaths, motivations, instruments used, the profile of the victims, police action, and an analysis of the nature of the journalistic record. Compared to similar previous studies, the results show the differences in lynching assemblage and support a theory that recovers, in a new perspective, the relationship between this practice, state violence, and racism.

In the first years of the 18th century, the captaincy of Mato Grosso was the scene of countless gold discoveries, the lives of its inhabitants were marked by the continuous arrival of waves of men and women who sought to improve the conditions for their existence. Several elements were responsible for the formation of a plural and diverse society than the Portuguese Metropolis. The insufficiency of resources and products forged new practices and customs different from those existing in the Kingdom. Remember that these settlers were exploring the backlands that had never been explored before. Thus, the social organization of the Captaincy of Mato Grosso was highlighted by a social stratification made up of whites, blacks, mulattos, free and captives and by a new social layer to be conquered, the indigenous. The initial foundation of the cities in Mato Grosso had the objective of protecting the Portugal domains on the border with the Spanish. The difficulty in populating the Captaincy forced the Crown to grant special benefits and privileges to sertanists who took the risk of settling in the Captaincy, this included the indigenous nations that lived there Arraiais Towns and Cities were forged in order to meet the demands imposed by the geopolitics of the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to make a small revision of the literature on rural domestic animals and wild ones in Brazilian cities from the perspective of an anthropology of human-animal relations. To this, we add some new ethnographic data, collected individually or together, which aim to cast a light on the idea of a city set apart from the 'natural world', as if there were no entanglements and intersections between humans and the wild fauna in contemporary cities. We want to believe that the animal life is also part of the urban landscapes, and that we build together these landscapes with multiple more-than-humans ecologies in an urban context. In this sense, the cities present themselves as the lace of an oykos of interactions and living with the urban fauna (domesticated, tamed or wild), and also with the flora (also domesticated, tamed and wild), along with other organisms in an ecological context that produces plural environments, instead of cities that onli mean the place of the anthropos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sociedad e Infancias is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The research analyzed the ways in which the structure and planning of cities, built under a patriarchal context, interfere in women's daily lives. From this, feminism was used as a field of knowledge under which it is possible to build new perspectives on the future and society, understanding it as an epistemology capable of breaking with the dominant design models, whether in cities or strategic design. What developed from this was the proposition of a feminist strategic design methodology, which aims to suggest and present new design perspectives that can transform modes of operation and perception regarding design processes, considering, especially, the perspective of women.

Copyright of Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento (RT&D) / Journal of Tourism & Development is the property of Associacao de Gestao e Planeamento em Turismo da Universidade de Aveiro (AGPTUA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Exact Sciences is the property of Master Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Direito da Cidade is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Management & Health / Revista Gestão & Saúde is the property of Revista Gestao e Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Odeere is the property of Edicoes UESB and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arq.urb is the property of Arq.urb and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the factors associated with the expansion of the number of Brazilian Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS) considering aspects related to the general health scenario and the institutionalization of human rights. Methods: An analytical document-based study, developed between February 2020 and May 2022, whose secondary data on the 27 Brazilian capitals were collected on platforms in the public domain, based on the time series from 2015 to 2020. Indicators were listed based on health system infrastructure and quality of life. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation test and Student’s t test were used. Results: The capitals that expanded the number of CAPS in the analyzed period were the ones that presented the greatest political-legal framework for the protection of human rights. Conclusion: The results suggest that the greater the commitment of governments in favor of human rights, the greater the investment for CAPS expansion.

Copyright of Direito da Cidade is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pixo: Revista de Arquitetura Cidade e Contemporaneidade is the property of Pixo Revista de Arquitetura Cidade e Contemporaneidade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cities, Communities & Territories / Cidades, Comunidades e Territórios is the property of Instituto Universitario de Lisboa, DINAMIA-CET and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Over the last few decades, the financing of cities has been at the heart of ongoing debates of change and deep reforms as well as major concerns in all countries where decentralization is giving an increasingly dynamic role to local governments. This article presents the role of local taxation in promoting sustainable urban development in Morocco through an empirical study of 163 actors and partners involved in cities in the regions of Casablanca-Settat and Rabat-Salé-Kénitra. The results show that to increase local taxation in Morocco, it is necessary to develop the capacity of city managers, encourage public-private partnerships, and improve the quality of spending.

The tourism sector has experienced unparalleled challenges, particularly with the Covid-19 pandemic. These challenges are an opportunity to focus on developing coordinated strategies and actions to promote sustainable and socially responsible tourism and thus accelerate the achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. This research aims to identify and analyze literature that specifically addresses creative tourism as a model for sustainable development of tourism in cities. It aims to fill a gap in the knowledge of the field, as no reviews with this focus have yet been undertaken. The Web of Science (WoS) database was used to extract the publications and VOSviewer software was used to represent the analyzed data. The study analyses publications with the keywords “creative tourism” and “sustainability” and “cities” in titles, keywords and abstracts in the WOS database. The analysis identified publications representing a new line of research that has been evolving, identifying the authors, the countries, the journals, the study areas, and the publications that stand out concerning the analysis of this specific topic. The studies referring to the theme present an approach of conceptualisation and proposal of models and development of creative tourism and promote the planning and management of the territories attending to a creative and sustainable perspective. The main contribution of this research is the analysis of the corresponding literature aiming at rethinking and revitalising the tourism sector and territories in an integrated perspective and sustainable management in the planning processes of tourism destinations.

Ayahuasca has spread from indigenous Amazonia to the industrialized world, in the form of ceremonies catering to Westerners, a corpus of academic studies and personal accounts and depictions of it in novels and films. Considering that its original users were zealous about revealing it to outsiders and their traditional cultures were being eroded by the mainstream’s society’s colonization, its very survival is a paradox, in that the native ayahuasqueros have been both the victims and beneficiaries of its globalization. Thus, this essay traces the dissemination of yajé (the Colombian name for ayahuasca) from the standpoint of the author, an early participant in the rituals which began to be held in Bogotá by a handful of taitas (indigenous healers) in the early 1990’s, whose number has since increased to at least fifty who regularly work in that and other Colombian cities. Then a set of closely related aspects are discuted: the disruptive socio-economic changes in the heartlands of yajé, like the Putumayo (especially the cocaine boom), which have impelled the traditional healers to seek new “markets” for their medicine; other focal points for its expansion; the clash between different healers about the ethics of providing their services to White men; the parallel establishment of ayahuasca “churches” in Brazil (with branches in Europe) which owe little to the indigenous tradition; the development of an “ayahuasca tourism” in Peru; and the legal status of the medicine in North America and Western Europe.

The spatial distribution of establishments according to levels of care is a central aspect for understanding access to health services. The objective of this work was to analyze the location of Unified Health System establishments, according to spatial patterns of urban living conditions and levels of care in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro. The Urban Well-Being Index was used to measure living conditions and socio-spatial inequalities in the region. The health units were georeferenced and accounted for by weighting areas, stratified according to urban well-being categories. The changes in the provision of services were verified, considering the years 2010, 2012, 2015 and 2018. The results show intrametropolitan inequalities and variations in the number of health units. Primary health care units are concentrated in places with poor urban living conditions, but there was a 90% increase in the stratum with better conditions. Hospitals are concentrated in privileged locations, and, during the period, there was a 100% reduction in hospitals in the neediest stratum. The trends observed highlight convergences between urban inequalities and the provision of health services and their reproduction in the metropolitan urban space of Rio de Janeiro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on critical reflections on the capitalist modernization of the Amazon and its correlate dispossession processes, this article approaches the collective actions and the social production of territories of common use in the region, having as an empirical reference the cities of Tucuruí and Marabá. It aims to analyze the relationship between accumulation by dispossession and the confrontation posed by the (geo)graphies of the common in Tucuruí and Marabá, cities located in the middle course of the Tocantins River, State of Pará. To this end, the following research instruments were used: a) a theoretical-conceptual literature review on the process of accumulation by dispossession, the modernization of the Amazon, the commons and the contemporary socioterritorial movements; b) a review and analysis on the history and geography of Tucuruí and Marabá; c) an analysis of documents referring to infrastructural interventions ([hydroelectric] energy generation, logistics and mobility, tourism etc.) in the middle course of the Tocantins River; d) systematic field observation and interviews concerning socioterritorial dynamics in the selected cities. The analysis of the collected data reveals that the process of regional modernization, based on infrastructural interventions, engenders contradictions, conflicts and the dispossession of territories of common use that are directly linked to the rivers and forest resources. On the other hand, this situation also produces resistance, uprisings and insurgencies carried out by collective actions in defense of territories, a set of (geo)graphies of life and the common that manifest themselves and oppose capitalist development in the middle course of the Tocantins River. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout human history, the production of cities and their organization based on urban site characteristics have been relatively closely linked. As cities expand, new relief compartments are included into this urban reality, transforming the first nature into a second one that suites the desires of a society divided into classes. To understand the role of urban planning in producing cities and maintaining environmental quality, this study seeks to associate the appropriation and occupation of landforms with the commodification and unequal distribution of natural resources and environmental problems. Based on theoretical and conceptual discussions on the production of cities, urban planning and environmental quality, we understand that the class society materializes into the urban space to perpetuate capitalism, highlighting environmental injustice, consisting in the poor distribution of access to quality environments and misguided accountability for the occurrence of environmental disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pixo: Revista de Arquitetura Cidade e Contemporaneidade is the property of Pixo Revista de Arquitetura Cidade e Contemporaneidade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Amazônia, Organizações e Sustentabilidade (AOS) is the property of Amazon, Organizations & Sustainability - AOS / Amazônia, Organizações e Sustentabilidade (AOS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The political cost-effectiveness of blame-shifting strategies, which produces incentives for low-quality policy responses and creates a democratic accountability problem, becomes particularly apparent in the context of urban tragedies such as the one involving Wilton Paes de Almeida, a low-income residential building in São Paulo owned by the federal government and occupied by a low-income population. We seek to respond to the question of whether Brazil’s model of federalism requires institutional reform in order to address the blame-shifting problem using the Wilton Paes de Almeida tragedy as a case study. First, we ask to what extent can expect blame-shifting strategies to be ultimately corrected by what we call the “regulation” of Brazilian federalism through litigation. Second, we investigate whether institutional reform risks reducing current levels of democratic accountability by altering a desirable institutional framework, where citizens can turn to more than one level of government to address problems. We conclude that the institutional reform of Brazil’s model of federalism should be on the table.

Abstract Mercosur has gone through distinct phases, leading to the articulation between a myriad of sectors, groups, and actors, among which subnational governments stand out. Local governments started this movement in 1995, with the foundation of the Mercosur Cities Network. In 2000, the Specialized Meeting of Municipalities and Intendencies (REMI) was created, replaced in the following years by the Mercosur Advisory Forum of Municipalities, States, Provinces, and Departments (FCCR), known for being the channel for subnational representation in the bloc. Drawing on bibliographic and document analysis, in addition to interviews and questionnaires, this article aims to analyze the internationalization and inclusion of subnational actors in Mercosur, mainly focusing on the changes observed over the years within these three institutions. The first section introduces the literature on paradiplomacy and deals specifically with Mercosur, seeking to verify how the regional agenda has been expanded, despite decision-making processes not being decentralized. The second and third sections analyse the origins of subnational integration through Mercocities alongside the development of REMI and FCCR. Considering the historical and institutional specificities of Mercosur, the research concludes by questioning the assumption of International Relations literature that regional blocs are potential arenas for effective internationalization of subnational governments.

This article discusses a methodological proposal for the elaboration of urban resilience plans, which is one of the most important issues involving cities nowadays. The etymological concept of “resilience” needs to be rescued because Urban Resilience is the exact application of the original concept applied to cities, regardless of their scale. Bausista-Puig (2022, p.1) had examined 1014 publications during the period 1998–2020 and concluded that urban resilience literature has grown since 2009 until today and this reveals the great international interest in this topic during the last decade.Cities, due to their complexity and locus of living for a large part of the global population and with a rising tendency, need to guarantee their conditions of habitability. Considering the improvement of extreme weather events and the consequences for cities, resilience plans have become urgent and fundamental elements in this whole process. As demonstrated in this article, it is not only climate change that impacts urban life, but there are other elements such as infrastructure failures, strikes by essential professional services and the issue of refugees, which can also destabilize the urban balance. On the other hand, resilience plans that aim to return cities to their initial operational conditions need to contain all the elements that guarantee their execution. Plans with only diagnoses and actions of what should be done, will not guarantee their execution. Another important issue discussed in this article is the structuring axes which means, what are the priority areas and the themes that should be present in an urban resilience plan. Are they just those related to climate change or are there others with a high potential to destabilize our cities around the globe?

Cities will transform and morph into something completely different for the next generation. Just as the car replaced the horse, the car will shortly be replaced, because of fossil fuel, and with, it the road system that exists in towns and cities everywhere. The high street is also under stress as more and more of us use on-line shopping, meaning that they are littered with second-hand shops and coffee take-away. However, cities are popular and will continue to grow, especially as more and more people are displaced due to climate change and weather disasters. The following is a rambling through these thoughts about what might just happen.

Copyright of Revista Jurídica (0103-3506) is the property of Revista Juridica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article results from a broader study on dengue fever in the Northern Coast of São Paulo, a region whose urbanization process and unequal access to housing and urban services, such as sanitation, have triggered the emergence and return of several diseases. The categories geographic space and psychosphere of Milton Santos are used to contextualize the health-disease process and the way individuals view daily life. The objective is to explicit the view of dwellers of Litoral Norte Paulista, who contracted dengue between 2002 and 2017, about the disease in their living spaces. This is quanti-qualitative research supported by data from the Ministry of Health, IBGE and information obtained in interviews, applying the method of saturation and content analysis. The results show the vision of the participants about the process of becoming ill and the treatment of dengue. In conclusion, it highlights the importance of looking not only at the clinical state, but also at the living space, since the roots of the main public health problems in Brazil are deep and based on conditions of our unequal social formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Relações Internacionais is the property of Relacoes Internacionais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pixo: Revista de Arquitetura Cidade e Contemporaneidade is the property of Pixo Revista de Arquitetura Cidade e Contemporaneidade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Maracanan is the property of Revista Maracanan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hospitalization costs due to cardiovascular diseases are high. In 2019, for Bahia State, Brazil, alone, they exceeded BRL 153 million for the Brazilian Unified National Health System, surpassing the costs of cancer hospitalizations. This fact will show an upward trend with the increase in life expectancy in Brazil (7.3 years more by 2060). Introducing new technologies can mitigate the problem. This study analyzes the impact of telediagnostics in electrocardiogram on hospitalizations for cardiovascular diseases in 326 municipalities in Bahia from 2014 to 2020. Diff-in-diff estimator method was used for analysis of the periods before and after the implementation of telediagnostics in Bahia. Results show that the municipalities which introduced the new technology reduced cardiovascular diseases hospitalizations by 6 for each additional year. In the case of families benefiting from the Brazilian Income Transfer Program, the reduction was 3.26 hospitalizations, and 3.08 among municipalities with the specialized service. Hospitalization increase by 7.66 in the 30 to 59 age group and by 5.34 among men for each additional year. Results show a reduction of 1.15 hospitalizations for rheumatologic heart diseases and 1.39 among diabetic people. In terms of ethnicity/color, underreporting was identified in the conditions studied, resulting in more severe prognoses for blacks. Telediagnostics was effective in reducing this inequality by expanding access and reducing hospitalizations, playing a crucial role in public health and impacting mortality reduction. The theme, therefore, deserves further studies with different samples and sample periods.

Objective: To estimate vaccination coverage in children born between 2017-2018, living in urban areas of state capitals, the Federal District and 12 inland municipalities in Brazil, and to identify associated factors., Methods: This was a household survey conducted between 2020-2022, among children up to 24 months old. Vaccination coverage was estimated according to family, maternal and child characteristics., Results: Among the 37,801 children in the sample, complete coverage (doses administered) was 60.1% (95%CI 58.6;61.6) and 6.1% (95%CI 5.4;7.0) had not received any vaccines. Coverage was lower among children of mothers with lower level of education (OR = 0.70; 95%CI 0.54;0.90) and in those who experienced delays in receiving any vaccine by 6 months old (OR = 0.28; 95%CI 0.24;0.32)., Conclusion: Vaccination coverage is below the expected levels. Effective communication strategies are needed to reinforce the importance of routine vaccination, prevent delays and abandonment of the vaccination schedule, in order to recover the high coverage levels achieved in past decades.

Objective: To characterize the use of private services in infant vaccination and assess vaccination coverage according to the service used., Methods: : This was a national vaccination survey conducted in 2020 that estimated the use of private vaccination services and vaccination coverage among infants residing in state capitals and 12 inland municipalities., Results: : Of the 37,801 participants, 25.1% (95%CI 23.2;27.2) used private services at least once, with higher proportions in capitals, larger cities and in the South and Southeast regions. Socioeconomic and demographic differences were identified among families, based on the service used. The coverage for the set of vaccines administered up to 24 months was 60.3% (95%CI 58.6;62.0) in the public service and 59.5% (95%CI 55.9;63.0) in private services, and up-to-date vaccines, 10.3% (95%CI 9.1;11.6) and 9.4% (95%CI 7.4;11.8), respectively., Conclusion: The use of private services was frequent, with low coverage for the set of vaccines, regardless of the type of service used, especially for up-to-date vaccines.

Objective: To analyze the impact of the fiscal austerity policy (PAF) on health spending in Brazilian municipalities, considering population size and source of funds., Methods: The interrupted time series method was used to analyze the effect of the PAF on total expenditure, resources transferred by the Federal Government, and own/state per capita resources allocated to health in the municipalities. The time series analyzed covered the period from 2010 to 2019, every six months. The first semester of 2015 was adopted as the start date of the intervention. The municipalities were grouped into small (up to 100,000 inhabitants), medium (101,000 to 400,000 inhabitants), and large (over 400,000 inhabitants). The data was obtained from the Sistema de Informações sobre Orçamentos Públicos em Saúde (Information System on Public Health Budget)., Results: The results for the national average of municipalities show that the PAF had a negative impact on the level of total expenditure and own/state resources allocated to health in the first half of 2015, without causing statically significant changes in the trends of any of the indicators analyzed in the period after 2015. Small municipalities saw a drop in total expenditure, while large municipalities saw a drop in own/state resources, and medium-sized municipalities saw a drop in both variables. There was no statistically significant drop in the volume of funds transferred by the Federal Government in the immediate aftermath of the implementation of the PAF in any of the municipal groups analyzed. In the medium-term, the PAF only had a negative impact on the large municipalities, which saw significant reductions in the trends of own/state resources and those transferred by the Union for health., Conclusion: In general, the impact of the PAF on health financing in municipalities was immediate and based on the decrease in own/state resources allocated to health. In large municipalities, however, the impact lasted from 2015 to 2019, mainly affecting health expenditure from federal funds.

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Copyright of Pixo: Revista de Arquitetura Cidade e Contemporaneidade is the property of Pixo Revista de Arquitetura Cidade e Contemporaneidade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)