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Unlabelled: Otitis media (OM) is considered a potentially severe disease due to the risk of complications., Objective: To establish the annual incidence of intratemporal complications (ITC) resulting from OM and to prospectively assess patients for epidemiological and clinical factors., Method: This prospective cohort study included patients admitted during one year at a university hospital diagnosed with intratemporal complications of OM. Patients were analyzed for age, gender, type of intratemporal complication, treatment, and clinical outcome. The overall incidence of complications and the specific incidence rates of each type of complication were determined., Results: 1,816 patients were diagnosed with OM; 592 (33%) had chronic OM; 1224 (67%) had acute OM. Fifteen patients were diagnosed with OM ITC, adding up to an annual incidence of 0.8%. Nineteen diagnoses of ITC were made in 15 patients. Seven (36.8%) patients were diagnosed with labyrinthine fistula, five (26.3%) with mastoiditis, four (21.1%) with peripheral facial palsy, and three (15.8%) with labyrinthitis., Conclusion: The incidence of intratemporal complications remains significant when compared to the rates seen in developed countries. Chronic cholesteatomatous otitis media is the most frequent etiology of intratemporal complications. Labyrinthine fistula is the most common intratemporal complication.

The author presents 83 cases of "a frigore" peripheral facial palsy, occurred in the mountain city of Petropolis which has characteristics such as a tropical climate without any traces of a dry season and an average temperature of 50 degrees F to 73.5 degrees F. The author relates them with virus infections which appear within a year period. Fifty six patients belong to his clinic and have a follow up, while other 25 patients proceed from another clinics and from them he only has reports on sex, age, side of palsy and the beginning of illness. He shows that the largest number of cases occurred along the months of May, August, September and October. Season distribution for southern hemisphere is analysed. He also considers etiology, incidence, prevalence, treatment and results on patients studied.