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Nitrogen fertilization is a very complex factor due to the various transformations that occur with nitrogen (N) in the soil, which influence its use by the plant. Another factor that directly influences decision-making is the high cost of acquiring fertilizers and also the difficulty of application. Bearing in mind the importance of N management, the objective was to evaluate the agronomic performance of maize, cultivated in a no-tillage system, as a function of the application of foliar N in coverage. The treatments were divided into completely randomized blocks, four blocks with four treatments each, in the first and second harvest periods. Being a witness (no N in coverage); urea; 1/2 urea and 1/2 foliar N and only with foliar N in coverage. Topdressing N dosages were divided into two applications. The following variables were analyzed: plant height, stem diameter and productivity. Under the edaphoclimatic conditions in which this study was carried out, the application of foliar N should not be used as the only way to supply N to the crop, as it could be an efficient way to complement what is absorbed by the roots. One should be aware of the dosages used to avoid phytotoxic effects on the leaves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study aimed to evaluate the interaction between fertilizer doses (N:P:K) at planting the inoculation of the Metahizium anisopliae fungus in sugarcane billets during the initial development of the plant. The experiment was conducted in pots, under full sun, in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, specified as follows: with and without inoculation of the fungus in the billets and five doses of NPK fertilizer (0%, 50%, 75%; 100%, and 125% of recommended fertilization). Plant height was measured at 53, 77, and 91 days after planting (DAP), and the root and shoot dry matter (DM) was quantified at 91 DAP. There was no significant influence of the interaction between fungus and NPK fertilizer doses (P>0.05) on all variables analyzed. However, a significant difference was observed for inoculation (P

ABSTRACT Oil palm production is strategic in the Amazon with high productive potential, but information on its fertilization is still relatively scarce for the region. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of phosphorus, potassium and magnesium fertilizations on oil palm production in different years in the state of Pará, Brazil. The study was conducted in Tailândia, Northeastern of Pará, Eastern Amazon, Brazil. A randomized block design was used in a 4 x 2 x 3 x 2 factorial scheme, with four levels of phosphorus, two sources of phosphorus, three levels of potassium and two levels of magnesium. Oil palm production responded positively to the increase in phosphorus levels, and until the eighth year of age of the plants, there was greater production when triple superphosphate was applied. From the ninth year onwards, fertilization with phosphine provided a production equal to the supply of phosphorus with triple superphosphate. The application of potassium chloride increased the number, weight and production of the bunches from the sixth year. The supply of magnesium sulfate increased the average weight of the bunches. Thus, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium fertilizations become essential to increase oil palm production in the Northeast of Pará.

Currently, in modern world science, a large experimental material has been accumulated to search for new forms of nitrogen nutrition of plants and increase the use of nitrogen fertilizers to obtain sustainable crop yields, which is relevant in modern conditions. A science-based fertilizer system should ensure not only the production of planned crops at the lowest cost per unit of production, but also a systematic increase in soil fertility. The purpose of the study was to scientifically substantiate, develop and introduce into the production of agricultural techniques to increase the yield of grain and leguminous crops cultivated on irrigated lands of the North-Western Caspian Sea, which dropped out of active agricultural turnover. The field study was developed on the basis of existing zonal recommendations, complementing them with options for studied agro-receptions. Laying and conducting multifactorial field experiments in various edaphic conditions by the method of split divides was carried out in accordance with the method of B.A. Dospekhov, Fundamentals of Scientific Research in Agronomy. In order to increase the productivity of irrigated land removed from active agricultural turnover, an environmentally sound land use orientation should be envisaged, while maintaining high agricultural productivity.

Ipomoea batatas, popularly known as sweet potato is considered one of the plants with great economic importance for presenting favorable characteristics for the suppy of calories, vitamins and minerals in human food. Among the genotypes with economic potential, the biofortified cultivar BRS Amélia (Ipomoea batatas) stands out, as it has high nutritional values, rusticity and easy handling. Researches indicate that the absence of fertilization technologies can cause lower productivities of sweet potato, making necessary the use of balanced fertilizations. This study aimed to evaluate the development of the biofortified cultivar BRS Amélia, submitted to the use of different fertilization technologies in a vertical cultivation system. The seedlings received different doses of controlled-release fertilizer: 0.0 (control); 30g; 60g; 90g; 120g and a dose of 40g per planting hole of readily soluble NPK 13-13-28. At 180 days, biometric and production parameters data were collected and submitted to analysis of variance and analysis of regression followed by Tukey test at 5 % for separation of means. The application of the controlled release fertilizer had a positive effect on the production of the studied cultivar, favoring the performance of the plants and promoting a increase especially of height, collar diameter, number of leaves, number of shoots, shoot length and chlorophyll. The application of controlled-release fertilizer had a positive effect on plant performance in height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of branches, branch length and chlorophyll. For the parameters fresh root biomass and dry root biomass, the use of conventional fertilizer showed better results compared to FLC for the production of sweet potato BRS Amélia in fertile soil in the vertical cultivation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cordia trichotoma is a species of great economic interest, however information on its nutritional requirement is still incipiente. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the efficiency and adequate doses of different sources of fertilizers, for the production of Cordia trichotoma seedlings. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (DIC), in a 3 x 5 factorial, with three different sources of fertilizers, two slow-release fertilizers (ALL1 and ALL2) and the use of readily soluble sources (MAP and KCl). The second factor represents the tested doses 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200%, in relation to a dose considered standard. The doses of the slow-release fertilizer were based on the standard dose of 0.44 g seedlings-1, while the readily soluble fertilizer doses were of a fixed dose of 0.08 g seedlings-1 of KCl, and increasing doses of MAP, based on the standard dose of 0.1 g changes -1. At 270 days after sowing, the variables height, collecting diameter, dry mass and Dickson's Quality Index were measured. For each variable, the maximum technical efficiency dose (DMET) was calculated. The use of MAP and KCl provided superior growth of seedlings in relation to ALL sources, for all variables evaluated. The DMET found for ALL1, ALL2 and MAP and KCl were 200%, 200% and 120%, respectively. Thus, it is recommended to use MAP and KCl, at a dose of 120%, that is, 0.08 g L-1 of KCl and 0.12 g L-1 of MAP for fertilization of Cordia trichotoma seedlings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objectives were to evaluate the effect of two types of fertilizers on the biological and economic yields of lettuce and on the quality of the stem in flower alelí and to establish the Equivalent Land relationship of monocultures and polycultures of lettuce and flower alelí for cut flowers, respectively. For this, a factorial experiment was carried out with two factors: system with three plantation levels: monoculture of lettuce, monoculture of flower alelí and polyculture of both species and type of fertilizer with three levels: composted chicken litter, granulated chemical fertilizer and control. The evaluated variables did not show interaction between the plantation systems and the type of fertilizer. In lettuce with composted chicken manure, the economic yield was 5.70 kg.m-2 and the biological yield was 0.218 kg.m-2, significantly higher than the treatments with inorganic fertilizer (4.55 kg.m-2 - 0.206 kg.m-2) and the control (2.94 kg.m-2 - 0.164 kg.m-2). Similar results found in the crops association. In flower alelí, the incorporation of chicken manure to the soil allowed to obtain floral stems 30.8% and 20.4% longer than the control and the chemical fertilizer, respectively. In all the cases, the total land equivalent ratio -RETT- was greater than 1, which indicates an advantage of polyculture in relation to monoculture. The inorganic fertilization had a RETT of 1.21, higher than the rest of the treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the result of an investigation and explains the current problems of the construction of a fertilizer plant in the bay of Topolobampo, Sinaloa, established by Gas y Petroquímica de Occidente, a Mexican subsidiary of the Swiss-German Holding Proman, which will generate anhydrous ammonia as a fertilizer input, and therefore, the need to implement real protection based on public policies focused on the preservation of the bay, which is a Ramsar site. The construction of the plant began in 2014; forging confrontations with residents canceling its construction. Therefore, we detail the impacts in case of construction of the plant, proposing protection of the bay based on public policies for the benefit of the site. Keywords: Fertilizers, ammonia, Ramsar, environmental destruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Informe Gepec is the property of Informe Gepec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The evaluation of the life cycle is a technique in environmental administration which estimates potential environmental impacts in agriculture. Current study analyzes three culture systems of corn, namely, conventional (CC), transgenic (CT1 and CT2) and organic (CO), in four areas, through the use of agricultural fertilizers to identify and compare potential environmental impacts caused by fertilizers, pesticides and correctives, indicating advantages and disadvantages of each process with regard to environmental issues. Data were collected by questionnaire to quantify and characterize the types of fertilizers and to associate them with the database for the elaboration of a life cycle inventory. Categories of environmental impact, acidification, eutrophication, land and water ecotoxicity, were analyzed. The application of correctives was not needed in any of the four areas. In the case of the application of fertilizers, CT2 had the worst environmental profile in all categories due to higher emission rates of compounds when compared to that in other areas. CO was the culture with the lowest emissions due to the organic compound employed in its production process. With regard to the application of pesticides, CO does not employ any product that is similar to such practice, whilst CT2 had the worst profile even when the least possible amount of pesticides is employed. Results show that the form of management and areas are factors that affect potential impacts caused by the culture system. CO had the highest advantage rates when compared to other areas, but a management mistake may cause environmental risks just the same as others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cities can have a considerable variety of plants, and such biodiversity ensures numerous ecosystem services: cultural, provision, regulation, and support. One of the essential services is food production, which is in line with national sustainable development goals. This study aimed to present a diagnosis of food plants and plants with potential use in the human diet that are employed in urban afforestation projects in municipalities of the Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. We compiled and updated a list of 102 species used in urban afforestation in 11 municipalities and classified these species concerning their use or potential use in terms of diet. The state capital, Campo Grande, had the most outstanding richness of food plants (67 species), and the municipality of Coxim had the highest percentage of food plants in afforestation (65%). The food plants were distributed among 36 families, particularly Fabaceae (13 species), Arecaceae (9), Anacardiaceae (8), and Myrtaceae (8). The oiti (Moquilea tomentosa), munguba (Pachira aquatica), and mango (Mangifera indica) trees were the most frequently used species in street afforestation. The parts most used in the human diet were fruits (77 species), followed by seeds (37) and flowers (21). Our suggestions to public administrators for the species selection for urban afforestation are those with edible parts and potential for inclusion in the human diet once all other technical criteria for this choice are ensured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Saúde is the property of Revista Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Agromineral resources are minerals and rocks used to improve soil productivity and health. These resources can be applied: indirectly, by extracting and concentrating one or more minerals by industrial processes for the production of conventional, highly soluble fertilizers; and directly, without processing, except fine grinding, for direct soil application. Agromineral resources include sedimentary phosphates, limestones/dolostones, potash and glauconite-bearing rocks of sedimentary origin, basaltic rocks, phonolites, kamafugites, and glass-rich mafic rocks of igneous origin. Among metamorphic agromineral resources, marble and biotite schist stand out. However, agromineral resources are not equally distributed on Earth’s surface, occurring more in one area than in another, and have accumulated in various geotectonic settings related to plate tectonics, being formed in specific geological time periods in Earth’s history. Therefore, these resources occur in specific “agromineral provinces” and were formed during specific “agromineral epochs”. This paper provides a conceptual framework for agromineral resource distribution in time and space. Agrominerals have a high potential to be used as directly applied soil amendments and soil remineralizers for new and innovative farming strategies, provided the amendments are low or free of contaminants.

Chicken and by-products are among the main foods involved in plant infections caused by Salmonella spp. In recent years, there has been a global increase in the consumption of poultry meat, highlighted by the high production and low cost of chicken meat. In this study, the occurrence of Salmonella spp. in chicken meat was investigated to monitor the frequency of positivity and its progress towards safety through a survey of published data on the topic between 2010 and 2021 worldwide. The continents that showed the highest positivity rates were: Asia (35.53%), followed by Africa (33.31%), Europe (17.54%) and North and Central America (14.24%). South America, according to the studies evaluated, was the continent with the lowest occurrence, with 9.51% of positive samples for Salmonella spp. No data were obtained from Oceania. The serovars Typhimurium and Enteritidis were the most detected, and they are important in cases of salmonellosis in humans and are also related to economic losses. Over time, the prevalence of Salmonella has been constant, even with all controls carried out in the field and industry. Studies and knowledge about the persistence mechanisms of this agent as well as the tools for its control are still needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gestão e Desenvolvimento (18075436) is the property of Universidade Feevale and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Organizações e Sustentabilidade is the property of Organizacoes e Sustentabilidade / PPGA-UEL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional is the property of Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Portal de Periodicos Eletronicos Cientificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Tellus is the property of Revista Tellus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the solubility of biotite schist rock powder by different methods, as well as the potential toxicity/accumulation of its metals in Danio rerio freshwater fish. Solubility was tested in ultrapure water and in CaCl2 solution (10 mmol L-1). Metal contents were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. Fish were separated into different groups and then exposed to biotite schist powder. The solubility of toxic elements in water is not lethal, and, 30 days after the end of exposure, there is no accumulation of metals in the fish.

Copyright of Tecno-Lógica is the property of Tecno-Logica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The reuse of industrial waste from different processes, such as fertilizer or mineral supplement constitute sustainable disposal alternatives. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of using Animal Supplement Residue (RSA) in different granulometries as a component of the substrate of sunflower seedlings submitted to drought stress conditions. To obtain different particle sizes, four sieves with stainless steel mesh were used: 1 mm; 0.500 mm; 0.250 mm and 0.105 mm. The experimental design was completely randomized arranged in a factorial arrangement 2x6, being two water treatments (with and without irrigation for 3 days) and six types of substrates: (1: 100% in volume of sand; 2: Sand + commercial humus at 100% of the recommendation of 80 kg of N ha-1; 3: Sand + RSA 1 mm; 4: Sand + RSA 0.500 mm; 5: Sand + RSA 0.250 mm and 6: Sand + RSA 0.105 mm). Evaluating the growth variables (dry mass of the aerial part, of the root and total), as well as, measuring up the activities of the antioxidative enzymes [Catalase (CAT), Ascorbate Peroxidase (APX), Guaiacol Peroxidase (GPX) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD)]. The use of animal supplement residue (RSA), with granulometry of 0.500 mm in soil fertilization, promotes the minimization of environmental impacts generated by inadequate disposal and causes cost reduction with traditional fertilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista IRRIGA - Brazilian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Revista IRRIGA (Brazilian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Taquari River Basin, located in Poços de Caldas Alkaline Complex, in the southern portion of Minas Gerais state, Brazil, is situated in an old volcanic caldera. Due to its chemical and radiological characteristics, it is an area of economic and mineral interest, and is also home to diverse flora and fauna systems. In its surroundings, there are agricultural areas, industries (active and inactive) and urban and rural centers. This work investigated the total and potentially bioavailable concentrations of major and trace elements for the evaluation of geogenic and anthropogenic contamination potentials in the water bodies. The results show that there is an anthropogenic contribution (fertilizers and mining tailings) in some sectors of the Taquari River Basin, generating possible concerns regarding the quantity of elements that may be transferred to the water bodies. Furthermore, there is the striking geogenic contribution from naturally enriched areas, presenting distinct situations that generate an increase in the concentration of chemical elements in the water bodies.

Copyright of Historia Agraria is the property of Historia Agraria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The management of substrate fertilizers is a highly relevant activity with the production of forest seedling program. Current study evaluates the effect of the application of slow-release and conventional fertilizers in different substrates on the growth and quality of seedlings of paricá [Schilozobium parahyba var. amazonicum (Huber x Ducke) Barneby]. Experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, within a totally randomized design, factorial scheme 5x2x2, with five doses (0, 150, 300, 450 and 600 dag m-3), two sources of fertilizers NPK 10-10-10 (conventional fertilizer-FCO and slow-release fertilizer-FLL) and two types of substrates (Argisol and sand), with 10 replications. Ninety days after planting, height of aerial section (H), stem diameter (DC), dry mass (MSPA), radicular (MSR) and total aerial section (MST), ratio of height of aerial section and stem diameter (H/DC) and Dickson´s quality index (IQD) were evaluated. With regard to sand substrate, FLL had a higher rate than FCO in variables H, DC, MSPA, MSR, MST and IQD, without any statistical relevance for H/DC. In Argisol substrate, for IQD, fertilizers´ doses were similar in seedling development, with quadratic adjustment to H and MSR and positive linearity for MSPA and MST. According to IQD, doses recommended for FLL were between 614.40 and 693,33 dagm-3 in substrates sand and argisol respectively; FCO (Ŷ = 0.8820+0.00199x) had higher rates for FLL (Ŷ = 0.7322 + 0.00416x – 0.000003x²) in higher doses in Argisol substrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-Conventional Food Plants (PANC), rich in nutrients and easy cultivation, have potential to improve population nutrition; however it is neglected and might necessary to promote its rescue and dissemination. In this context, the Fair with Science Project: Production, Consumption and Commercialization of Popular Tradition Food and Products was created and the Pedagogical Artistic Installation (IAP) was used, a group dynamic where elements representative of a certain theme are used to stimulate reflection and debate. In this work, the objective was to report and analyze the IAP called PANC - Agro-food Biodiversity as an instrument for building knowledge about PANC. Observations made by the organizers based on a script, later systematization and discourse analysis. The IAP was held at the Exchange of Knowledge event in Federal University of Viçosa and in schools Viçosa, Araponga and Ervália, Minas Gerais state, involving mainly family farmers and students. They were exposed as elements: cards, pots, seeds, seedlings, plants and publications about PANC and agroecology and information was shared based on the scientific knowledge and experiences of the participants. There was an engaging debate, with strong criticisms of the current agrifood system, highlighting the important role of PANC on the change their. Most participants showed a willingness to consume, produce and disseminate PANC. In conclusion, the Pedagogical Artistic Installation is an effective instrument in building the knowledge of PANC and its dissemination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Root-knot nematodes are important soil pests for potato cultivation, among other Solanaceae, where they parasitize roots and tubers causing significant losses for producers. The control was done exclusively with nematicides, many of which were banned or presented with very restricted use due to different environmental and economic factors. The objective of this work is to test a product formulated from liquid organomineral fertilizer containing humic substances, nutrients N, P, K (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), carbohydrates, amino acids and neem extract (Azadirachta indica). The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with 8 treatments (different combinations of application in planting and / or hilling combined or not with abamectin) and 6 repetitions. The experimental plot was a plastic pot with 21 L of autoclaved substrate and a potato plant 'Agata' artificially inoculated with Meloidogyne incognita. The results showed the control exercised by the formulated in the different combinations of application, with the exception of the product applied only in the hilling. However, the nematode control did not affect the development of the plants, where there were no statistical differences between treatments for all variables tested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista IRRIGA - Brazilian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Revista IRRIGA (Brazilian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista IRRIGA - Brazilian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Revista IRRIGA (Brazilian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT: Calcium (Ca) is often supplied to crop species to prevent the occurrence of Ca–related disorders. Mechanisms of Ca absorption and transport are not fully understood and the effectiveness of root and/or foliar Ca fertilization may be variable. To characterize the rate of Ca absorption and transport, trials were developed with chili pepper and sweet cherry plants, using 45CaCl2 as a tracer. The Ca treatments supplied were: (1) No 45Ca (control); (2) 45Ca soil application; (3) 45Ca supply to basal leaves, and (4) 45Ca application to apical leaves. After two months, plants were harvested for biomass and Ca content determination. The recovery of 45Ca in different plant parts was measured with a liquid scintillation counter and leaf traits were observed by scanning electronic microscopy. In general, the highest 45Ca concentrations were recovered in treated organs, while root applications led to highest 45Ca translocation rates, which varied between chili pepper and cherry plants. For chili pepper, 45Ca applied to the soil was detected mainly in roots (44 %) followed by leaves (36.6 %) stems (17.4 %) and fruits (2 %). In sweet cherry trees, soil–applied 45Ca was principally recovered in roots (45.3 %), shoots (28.5 %), leaves (14.3 %) and trunks (11.9 %). The results provide evidence of increased absorption of root–applied Ca, as well as different degrees of Ca mobility between species. Foliar application led to major Ca increases in treated leaves, with Ca transported to other plant organs after apical leaf Ca supply chiefly in cherry trees.

Copyright of Education Policy Analysis Archives / Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas / Arquivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas is the property of Educational Policy Analysis Archives & Education Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The halophyte Salicornia neei Lag. can be used as a phytoremediation agent in salt degraded areas. The objective of this work was to evaluate the organic (carbohydrate and N-aminosoluble) and inorganic (Na+, K+ and Cl-) solutes contents in S. neei submitted to different blades of irrigation and fertilization in Ceara semiarid. The samples were obtained in culture carried out in Ocara-CE. Four areas of 100 m² were prepared with different treatments (denominated T1, T2, T3, T4) of irrigation: once a day (0.15 m³ / day) in T1 and T2, and two irrigations a day (0.30 m³ / day) in T3 and T4, for 30 minutes each, and fertilization only in treatments T2 and T4 with NPK (10:28:20). Two samples were collected per treatment at 60, 90 and 120 days after planting (DAP). The total soluble carbohydrate content of the fertilized plants did not differ between the days of collection. The largest concentrations of N-aminossoluveis occurred to 120 DAP in plants with one irrigation and without fertilizer. Plants with one irrigation and without fertilizer had the greatest levels of Na+ and K+. The Cl- levels did not differ between the dates in the collection with two plants irrigation. It is concluded that the highest levels of organic and inorganic solutes occurred in the treatments with and without irrigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melon culture is one of the main sources of income in the generation of employment in the semi-arid regions of Brazil. However, the over-use of fertilizers has provided an organo-mineral fertilization management that reduces environmental impacts with improvement in productivity and fruit quality. It provides the slow release of nutrients and the improvement of the soil's physical, chemical and biological attributes. Current research evaluates the components of production and post-harvest quality of melons fertirrigated with organo-mineral fertilizers. Experiments were conducted between April and June (first harvest) and between October and December (second harvest). Experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with five replications, with treatments in sub-sub-divided splits consisting of two fertirrigation managements (conventional and with urea) in the splits; in the sub-split, four doses of organo-mineral fertilization: 0; 1000; 2000; and 3000 mL ha-1; two agricultural harvests in the sub-sub-split. The Gladial melon hybrid was employed, and the following variables analyzed: fruit diameter and length, pulp thickness, pulp density, number and mean weight of fruits per plant, total productivity and commercial productivity. The second harvest (October to December) had the best productivity rate for melon culture. Organo-mineral fertilization at dose 2,228 mL ha-1, associated with conventional fertirrigation, is recommended in the second semester to increase the fruits' productivity and quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT New apps have changed the traditional way of learning and teaching; they are also applied as a quickly executed and effective method in agriculture. Soil-app is a web application with a friendly click-point interface built through packages lodged in R software. The app is an advanced model of an open-source platform to support teaching and learning activities in soil analyses and fertilizer recommendations. Soil-app includes soil test interpretation, soil amendment calculations (lime and gypsum), the fertilizer rate for the most important crops in Brazil, an NPK blend calculator, and NPK blend evaluation. It also includes experimental statistical analysis as applied to soil science. Soil-app is a user-friendly and high-performance tool, garnering fast adoption by both students and professionals. It is available for network use through the following link: http://www.genetica.esalq.usp.br/alogamas/R.html

An unresolved question about the use of animal waste in agriculture is its effect on the physical and chemical attributes of soil, especially in commercial grain producing areas that have adopted direct seeding system (DSS). Aiming at contributing to the clarification of this question, we conducted a study in the mid-north region of the Mato Grosso state, Brazil, in a soybean and maize commercial area consolidated in DSS. Different doses of liquid swine manure (LSM) were applied and compared with NPK mineral fertilization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical quality of the soil and the productive potential of the soybean and maize crops under LSM doses and NPK fertilizer. Results indicated an increase in levels of K, P, Zn and Cu exchangeable with LSM fertilization of 80 m3.ha-1. Fertilizers with mineral NPK and LSM at 80 and 60 m3.ha-1, respectively, show soil porosity improvements and decreased soil penetration resistance. Moreover, the use of LSM also provided the highest increases in soybean and maize grain yield.

This article intends to examine from an interdisciplinary point of view, the ethical and technological issues involved in the use and access to water resources, in the region of Baixo São Francisco in Sergipe, specifically around its mouth, located in the municipality of Brejo Grande. In this article, the use of water mainly with regard to shrimp farming practiced predatory on the banks of the river, which suppresses all existing vegetation and kills native aquatic species through fertilizers and chemicals used in this process, harming riverside populations. The reflections presented here are elaborated in the light of ancient and current theories, which examined and continue to examine water as a common good of universal value and vital element indispensable to the life of all species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study used the case of the Brazilian fertilizer sector, which has been changing due to the insertion of new Nitrogen Fertilizer Units (UFNs) in the logistics network of a national company. The study was limited to urea, responsible for 60% of the nitrogen market in Brazil. To analyze the allocation of demand, due to the insertion of new UFNs, the Classic Transport Problem was used, minimizing the transport cost of the urea nitrogen fertilizer distribution process. After collecting data related to the case study, scenario simulations with the insertion of UFNs were performed using the AMPL software and the CPLEX solver. The results showed that the inclusion of UFN III in the company's logistics network was responsible for the most significant reduction in transport costs among the simulated scenarios, confirming that the planning of the logistics network and the alignment between the strategic and tactical levels are possible instruments to contribute with the optimization of urea distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Organic residues can replace chemical fertilizers, showing all essential nutrients for plants improving the physical, chemical and biological soil characteristics. We evaluated the efficiency of organic and chemical nitrogen in the nutrition and production of lettuce. This experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with a 5-liter pot. The experimental design was randomized blocks with six treatments and five repetitions in two cycles of green-leaf lettuce from Lucy Brown variety, as defined: T0 - without nitrogen fertilization; T1 - 0.54 g of N (urea) per plant divided into three times (7, 14 and 28 days of transplant), T2 - 0.27 g of N (organic compound) and 0.27 g of N (urea) divided into three times per plant (7, 14 and 28 days of transplant); T3 - 0.54 g of N (organic compound) per plant; T4 - 0.81 g of N (organic compound) per plant; T5 - 1.08 g of N (organic compound) per plant. T1, T2, and T3 treatments represent 100% of the N recommendation for lettuce and the T4 and T5 treatments represent 150 and 200%, respectively. In the first cycle of lettuce, the T4 and T5 treatments with higher amounts of organic compounds led to an increase of green mass production comparing to other treatments. In the second cycle of lettuce, all treatments that received organic fertilization obtained a higher green mass production than treatments with no compound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective was to evaluate the effects of levels of compost and fertilization with NPK on growth and production of lettuce. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design in a 6 x 2 factorial scheme, with four replications, considering six levels of compost (0; 25; 50; 75; 100 and 125 g plant-1) and absence and presence fertilization with NPK. The evaluated parameters were number of total and commercial leaves, mass of fresh commercial and total aerial part, mass of commercial and total dry aerial part, dry root mass and total dry mass. There was an interaction between the drilocomposite and NPK fertilization for the evaluated parameters, except for root dry matter. The fertilization with NPK increased the growth and production of lettuce when there was no application of the compost. Likewise, that the levels of this fertilizer increased the growth and production of lettuce only in the absence of NPK. The application of drilocomposite increases the growth of lettuce plants and can replace fertilization with NPK. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of hydroponic systems by family farmers in the Paraiba semiarid region allows a continuous production of vegetables due to the water limitations typical of this region. However, the difficult access and the high cost of mineral fertilizers is a limiting factor of this practice. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the potential of the use of bovine anaerobic biofertilizer in the substitution of mineral fertilizers, in the cultivation of lettuce group cv. Cristina. The work was conducted in a greenhouse, installed at the Federal Institute of Paraíba, Campus Sousa. Four doses plus mineral fertilizers were evaluated: Bio + 0%; Bio + 25%; Bio + 50%, Bio + 75%, with four repetitions, in randomized blocks. Leaf dry mass and total mass, total number of leaves, leaf area and yield were evaluated. The reduction of the mineral fertilizer doses compromised the growth and consequently the lettuce production, where the maximum production of the commercial part was 43.0 g plant-1, being obtained with the treatment of 75% of the combination of the most mineral fertilizer doses. Biofertilizer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adoption of agroecological practices such as consortium and agroforestry systems are effective in improving and maintaining soil quality, with the delimitation of factors that may be related to the preservation of soil fertility being essential. The indicators of sustainability of participative soils are characterized by their ease of application, which can be used by farmers themselves and contributing to improvements in family farming production systems. The objective was to quantify the levels of resilience and diversity in the different agroecosystems located in the Serraria, PB County. The studied agroecosystems had three contortium, three monocultures and three areas in transition to an agroforestry system. For the study, the Participative Rural Diagnosis was used as a tool combined with the method of attributing scores applied to social, economic and sustainable indicators. In not all systems, soluble chemical fertilizers and pesticides are used in their management, being the model of family production. From the analysis, it can be concluded that in small monoculture areas it is possible to guarantee a certain level of resilience of the agroecosystem when worked in a manner in keeping with the principles of management and conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to evaluate the rate of absorption of phosphorus in manioc (Manihots Esculenta Crantz) and phosphorus levels potentially available in the soil under different fertilization sources. The experiment was carried out in the community of Boa Esperança using the cultivar Bem-te-vi, in the randomized blocks design with 4 treatments: T1 (No fertilization), T2 (NPK fertilization), T3 (organic fertilization with poultry manure), T4 (organic fertilization with bovine manure), and 5 replicates, an analysis of the available soil and plant phosphorus content was performed. The data were submitted to descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and the means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability using the software MINITAB© version 18. The soil phosphorus levels at 10 months did not show differences between treatments, as well as for phosphorus content absorbed by the cassava plants and accumulated in the leaves, there were differences at 5% probability, in which the treatment with manure of bovine manure provided an average of 33,63 gKg-1 in the concentration of phosphorus followed by manure of birds 24,99 gKg-1, NPK fertilization 22,57 gKg-1 and without fertilization 15,90 gKg-1. The treatments with organic fertilizer increased the levels of phosphorus in the leaves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Underutilized food plants (UFP) offer the opportunity to overcome issues that are currently facing sustainable food systems. The scarcity of data on them and the gaps found in the nutrition workforce are challenges that limit their approach. To addresses some of them, a community-based garden project was developed in an undergraduate program in nutrition at a federal university in northeastern Brazil. This paper aims to present the results obtained with this project in its first twelve months concerning the use of Garden-Based Learning (GBL). During 2018 eight plants were studied with the support of this method. The data gathered on UFP by students included: botanical family, vernacular names, origin, the biome of occurrence, food uses, and nutritional indicators. The use of GBL involved some strategies such as definition of theme, elaboration of a culmination product, and fostering the research of different kinds of knowledge. The GBL method mediated the educational process implied with concepts, practices, and attitudes. The plants studied have the potential to contribute with Food and Nutrition Security due some criteria such as adequacy to the biome of the study setting and variety of nutrients. Recognize native and adapted food plants resilient to the dry landscape is central to enhance environmental and human health. The resulting data served as a basis to promote sustainable diets with the surrounding community, from lectures to hands-on activities in the garden and kitchen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food Sovereignty is understood as the right of peoples to define their policies related to food systems (production, distribution, marketing, access, consumption, and biological exploitation), as well as to protect and regulate it from the perspective of sustainability. In this sense, the production of agroecological foods in synergy with nature enables the rescue of practices on what to produce and what to eat. The scenario that was designed was the rescue of production-consumption practices of Unconventional Food Plants(UFP) as a central point of problematization. In this experience report, we reflect on food sovereignty in different dimensions. Thus, topics such as women's participation in daily food, UFP as drivers of socio-biodiversity and the rescue of traditional and healthy food inspired the debate. To this end, a brief theoretical survey on the themes was carried out and a conversation circle was held. It was evident, therefore, that the topics addressed aroused great interest from the participants, especially for the possibility of achieving food sovereignty in the daily lives of their families and at the same time recognizing the need to transform social relations - for example in relation to women - and also with nature, thus promoting agroecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]