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En el contexto del cambio climático, las sequias aumentan y los territorios sufren un grave estrés hídrico. Este artículo examina la gestión del desequilibrio entre la disponibilidad de agua y la creciente demande en Phoenix y Tucson, en el árido oeste de Estados Unidos. A partir de un estudio de caso que pone de relieve las cuestiones socioecologicas de la escasez, esta investigación propone considerar las ciudades de Phoenix y Tucson como laboratorios de adaptación urbana al cambio climático para explorar diferentes modalidades de adaptación. El análisis moviliza los conceptos de la ecología política urbana para examinar las relaciones de poder entre los actores de la gestión del agua en un contexto en el que se cuestiona cada vez más el sistema de infraestructuras hídricas que sustenta el crecimiento urbano. Por un lado, el artículo muestra que los actores dominantes aplican estrategias de adaptación para mantener la trayectoria de crecimiento de ciudades especialmente atractivas. Por otro lado, explora el papel de la acción ciudadana en la propuesta de alternativas y bifurcaciones del metabolismo urbano intensivo en agua para mostrar la función que pueden jugar las alternativas ambientales en la regulación de las estrategias de control de los recursos y en la exigencia de transformaciones socioambientales del funcionamiento urbano.Palabras claves: adaptación, cambio climático, gestión del agua, ciudad

RÉSUMÉ Les entretiens présentent des dialogues intéressés par les expériences juvéniles, proposant des réflexions sur les actions des jeunes et leur relation avec l’éducation scolaire. Donc, les conversations engagées avec François Dubet, Anne Barrère et Fabien Truong mettent en discussion les épreuves vécues par les individus, afin de permettre des contrastes avec la réalité scolaire brésilienne. C’est la voie empruntée pour considérer les itinéraires construits et les inégalités sociales éprouvées par les jeunes des classes populaires, ainsi que le rapport des élèves à la réussite et à la forme scolaires en systèmes éducatifs massifiés. En même temps, alors, on propose une prise de position réflexive et une problématisation sur les conséquences politiques de la prééminence du jugement scolaire.

Reseñas iberoamericanas

Objective: To analyze morphometric measurements in dry jaws, chins, and hip bones to contribute to clinical predictability in the reconstruction of grafted areas. Material and Methods: The sample comprised 619 anatomical specimens. Anatomical structures were measured at predetermined points using a digital vernier caliper. Measurements of average thickness and linear dimensions of the coronoid process, as well as the average thickness of the mentum and iliac crest points, were obtained. Results: The average morphometric measurements of anatomical structures revealed that male individuals exhibit larger values than female individuals, with a mean difference of 1.57 mm. The mean estimated bone volume of the iliac crest and iliac fossa was 21,347.19 mm³ and 21,125.56 mm³ for the left and right sides, respectively. The coronoid process displayed a smaller thickness (2.11 mm) and linear measurement (5.77 mm) in its upper portion and a larger thickness (3.63 mm) and linear measurement (14.51 mm) at its base, on average. In the mentum, the greatest average thickness was found at the midline, with a value of 12.90 mm. Conclusion: The surgeon can predict the amount of bone that can be obtained from donor areas, as well as the predominant type of bone in each area, aiming to optimize its clinical application. It is important to highlight that both the iliac crest and iliac fossa provide a significant bone volume in comparison to intraoral areas.

Objective: To understand the susceptibility to single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter region of Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and Interleukin-13 (IL-13) in patients with and without periodontal disease. Thus, a systematic review of available studies on the subject was performed. Material and Methods: A protocol was conducted for registration in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under CRD42021246646. For this search, studies were selected from the Scopus, Web of Science, Virtual Health Library, Embase, Cochrane Library, and PubMed databases. The selection criteria consisted of case-control and cohort studies published in English that had data on IL-4 and IL-13 genetic polymorphisms in patients with and without periodontal disease in the same study. The obtained studies were managed by EndNote Program™ X7 version and the Rayyan Platform. Regarding the risk of bias, we used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, which classified the studies using high-quality methodology. Results: After the selection process, three studies presented the eligibility criteria. No relation between IL-13 and susceptibility to periodontal disease was found. IL-4 gene (IL-4 -590C/T; IL-4-34C/T; rs2243248) was associated with susceptibility to the development of periodontitis. Conclusion: An association between IL-4 and the susceptibility of periodontitis was verified. Further case-control studies are needed to create more concrete conclusions on the subject.

À travers l’étude attentive d’une poignée de romans contemporains où le parcours et le mouvement dans la ville sont constitutifs de la dynamique de la narration, nous nous intéressons ici à la mise en mouvement de la ville, à l’écriture rendant compte d’un foisonnement d’impressions visuelles, dans les magmas urbains des grandes villes brésiliennes. Ce faisant, nous apporterons une réflexion sur les points de jonction entre des écritures fictionnelles et les arts visuels que sont la photographie et le cinéma.

O presente trabalho relata o uso de maquetes como prática educativa em Educação Ambiental com alunos do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola municipal de Frutal-MG. O emprego de metodologias ativas na formação inicial discente, incentiva o desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico reflexivo sobre o ambiente que os cercam e sobre como mudanças de ocupação do espaço provocados pelas ações humanas podem influenciar em ambientes naturais. O objeto de estudo foi o desenvolvimento de um projeto temático ilustrando o funcionamento de uma miniusina associada ao cinturão de preservação natural, através de uma maquete em 3D, e como este poderia contribuir com o controle de insetos e pragas. O trabalho permitiu aos alunos a ilustração de forma lúdica e dinâmica do espaço industrial, as ações antrópicas e sua relação com o meio ambiente. A Educação Ambiental no ambiente escolar permite ao discente o aprender com o próprio ambiente que o cerca, pois, permite tomar um tema ambiental local como gerador de ação conscientizadora e transformadora. Palavras-chave: Modelo didático; Ensino-aprendizagem; Metodologias ativas; Responsabilidade ambiental Light attraction and biological control: A model as an educational practice in Environmental Education Abstract: This present research reports using models as an educational practice in Environmental Education with students in the 9th year of Elementary School at a municipal school in Frutal-MG. Using active methodologies in initial student training encourages the development of reflective critical thinking about the surrounding environment and how changes in space occupation caused by human actions can influence natural environments. The object of study was the development of a thematic project illustrating the operation of a mini-plant associated with the natural preservation belt through a 3D model and how this could contribute to the control of insects and pests. The research allowed students to illustrate the industrial space, human actions, and their relationship with the environment playfully and dynamically. Environmental Education in the school allows students to learn from the surrounding environment, as it allows them to take a local environmental theme as a generator of awareness-raising and transformative action. Keywords: Didactic model; Teaching-learning; Active methodologies; Environmental responsibility

Cet article a pour objet l’étude des conditions de vie et de travail à bord des navires. Il montre, malgré l’existence de la convention du travail maritime tendant à mieux encadrer ces conditions, que les marins continuent à souffrir de comportements portant atteinte à leur droit. Face à cette continuité, il est proposé dans une démarche prospective d’élever le bien être au rang de droit fondamental. L’hypothèse de travail est que les droits fondamentaux en raison de leur portée structurante contribuent sur un temps plus ou moins long à humaniser les rapports sociaux. L’élévation du droit au bien être des gens de mer au rang de droit fondamental pourrait ainsi utilement contribuer au caractère progressiste et humaniste de la convention du travail maritime.

«El pensamiento clásico no le atribuye para nada valor al objeto, considerado como exterior y simplemente utensiliar (y el filósofo especialmente solo piensa o solo se expresa en un auditorio o un salón de clase que está vacío, si se excluye el tablero y los pedazos de tiza ¡que rara vez se utilizan!). La literatura tradicional también lo ignora; solo evoca algunos —candelabros, tapicerías, un secreter, un espejo— que le valgan como ornamentos o símbolos. Es el sujeto el que merece todas las preferencias; él constituye el reino de la interioridad; él define la personalidad que, por lo demás, lejos de perderse en lo que la rodea, es ella misma la que lo constituye. Fueron los griegos los primeros en establecer la distancia entre el individuo y lo que lo rodea afuera, a tal punto que el hombre libre estaría emancipado de las menores manipulaciones y evitará todo lo tocante al uso (lo doméstico, lo útil, lo práctico). El artesano que fabrica productos y que trabaja los materiales no podría pretender —según Aristóteles— el título de ciudadano. Por su lado, Platón le había reservado solo a los metecos las ocupaciones manuales y mercantiles; levanta su Ciudad lejos del río o del mar con el fin de que no conozca la tentación de los tráficos».

ES. María Elena Hernández Ramírez es Profesora e investigadora del Departamento de Estudios de la Comunicación Social de la Universidad de Guadalajara, México (DECS). Sus investigaciones se centran en el periodismo mexicano contemporáneo desde un enfoque sociológico, en las prácticas y condiciones laborales de los periodistas, las relaciones prensa-poder, la profesionalización del periodismo y sus modelos de financiamiento, y el periodismo colaborativo transfronterizo. En la entrevista dialogamos con la investigadora acerca de las dificultades para la consolidación del campo de estudios sobre periodismo en México, a partir del repaso de su trayectoria académica y profesional que sirve, no obstante, de marco para comprender el estado de situación de esta área de estudios en el país y más allá, en la región latinoamericana. *** EN. María Elena Hernández Ramírez is professor and researcher at the Department of Social Communication Studies (DECS) at the University of Guadalajara, Mexico. Her research focuses on contemporary Mexican journalism from a sociological perspective, on journalists' working practices and conditions, on press-power relations, on the professionalization of journalism and its financing models, and on cross-border collaborative journalism.In this interview, Maria Elena Hernández Ramírez discusses the difficulties hindering the consolidation of the field of journalism studies in Mexico, through the story of her academic and professional trajectory. She provides an insight into the current state of this field of study in this country, and beyond, in the Latin American region. *** PT. María Elena Hernández Ramírez é Professora e pesquisadora do Departamento de Estudos da Comunicação Social (DECS) da Universidade de Guadalajara, México. Suas pesquisas se centram no jornalismo mexicano contemporâneo a partir de um enfoque sociológico, nas práticas e condições laborais dos jornalistas, nas relações entre imprensa e poder, na profissionalização do jornalismo e seus modelos de financiamento, e no jornalismo colaborativo transfronteiriço. Na entrevista que fizemos com a pesquisadora, falamos sobre e as dificuldades de consolidação do campo de estudos sobre o jornalismo no México, a partir de uma revisão de sua trajetória acadêmica e profissional, e que serve como um marco para compreender a situação atual desse campo de estudos no país e, de modo geral, na região latino-americana. *** FR. María Elena Hernández Ramírez is professor and researcher at the Department of Social Communication Studies (DECS) at the University of Guadalajara, Mexico. Her research focuses on contemporary Mexican journalism from a sociological perspective, on journalists' working practices and conditions, on press-power relations, on the professionalization of journalism and its financing models, and on cross-border collaborative journalism. In this interview, Maria Elena Hernández Ramírez discusses the difficulties hindering the consolidation of the field of journalism studies in Mexico, through the story of her academic and professional trajectory. She provides an insight into the current state of this field of study in this country, and beyond, in the Latin American region. ***

Introducción a la sección especial "Actualidades celestinescas. La recepción contemporánea de una obra maestra del Siglo de Oro".

Objectives: To assess olfactory functions (threshold, identification, and hedonic valence) of depressed subjects before and after an 8-week trial of escitalopram and compare the results of responders and nonresponders. Methods: Fifty-two depressed subjects were recruited. Participants received escitalopram and were evaluated at two visits: baseline (V0) and week 8 (V8). They were categorized as responders (Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS] score reduction of > 50%) or nonresponders to treatment. Participants were evaluated with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) at V0 and, at V0 and V8, completed psychometric and olfactory assessments, including MADRS and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), as well as the Sniffin’ Sticks® test (threshold and identification tasks). The hedonic valence of smell was assessed on a 10-cm linear scale after presenting two pleasant and two unpleasant odors. Forty-three participants completed the study (24 responders and 19 nonresponders). The Mann-Whitney, chi-square, and Fisher’s exact tests were used to compare olfactory, clinical, and demographic variables between groups and within the same group at V0 and V8. The Spearman coefficient was used to calculate the correlation between clinical characteristics and olfactory variables. Results: The hedonic score of pleasant odors increased significantly between V0 and V8 only for responders (V = 61.5, p = 0.018), with no significant change in nonresponders (V = 90.5, p = 0.879). Comparison of olfactory performances between groups at V0 and V8 separately did not show a significant difference between responders and nonresponders to escitalopram. Olfactory threshold and identification scores were not different between V0 and V8 for responders or nonresponders. Conclusion: Depressed subjects have olfactory anhedonia, which appears to regress following a positive antidepressant response. Hedonic valence may be an indicator of cognitive changes associated with depression; improvement of this valence may indicate a clinical response to antidepressants.

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar as principais publicações que avaliaram o perfil dos estudantes brasileiros que utilizam álcool e outras drogas entre 2012 e 2022. Trata-se de uma Revisão de Escopo, realizada a partir de buscas nos bancos de dados virtuais: BVS, Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science e PubMed. Foram obtidos 31 artigos que analisaram os perfis dos estudantes usuários de drogas lícitas e ilícitas no território educacional brasileiro. Os resultados demonstraram que os prejuízos sociais, psíquicos e biológicos são consequências da utilização de álcool e outras drogas entre os adolescentes. Essa classe, por sua vez, revelou-se vulnerável ao início precoce e manutenção do uso dessas substâncias. Ademais, o uso de drogas lícitas e ilícitas relacionou-se a estudantes com renda salarial baixa, declarados não brancos, com núcleo familiar ruim e, em alguns casos, com comportamentos mais agressivos.

Despite the tendencies of contemporary French to limit lexical creations by derivation, verbal prefixation remains an active means of linguistic innovation, especially during periods of economic or social crises. To shed light on this phenomenon, but also draw its limits, this article proposes a study of verbal prefixation in media discourse on the pandemic crisis based on a corpus taken from the daily Liberation covering the period from 25 to 31 May 2020. Allow for the semantic opacity of verbal prefixes, this article analyzes the semantic properties of the prefixes identified in the corpus and leads to two complementary results. First, from the point of view of prefix productivity, the discourse on the health crisis differs little from other discourses concerning the types of prefixes used and their capacity to construct verbs. Secondly, as it concerns the lexical innovations observed in the corpus, these are above all already existed prefixed verbs to which a new meaning is attributed. Two cases arise: common prefixed verbs used in new contexts; common prefixed verbs with rare meanings in everyday language. Finally, the only neologism identified concerns the verb “déconfiner” which was very often used during the pandemic crisis.

Objective: Dentistry from the Universidade Federal de Alfenas who were enrolled in the seventh period and who took the Integrated Clinic I Discipline (ICID) in the emergency remote learning model (ERLM). Material and Methods: This is a qualitative and descriptive study. The information was collected through questionnaires applied by the Professors during the ICID. Subsequently, the professor evaluated the treatment developed in virtual form by each student regarding its logical sequence and the most appropriate treatment for each case. The results of the answers were transcribed and submitted to lexicographical textual, Descending Hierarchical Classification, and Similitude analysis in the Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires(IRAMUTEQ) program. Results: The students described the online situational treatment planning in five essential steps: adequacy of the oral environment, restorative need, prosthetic need, rehabilitation by prosthesis on the implant, and corrective orthodontic treatment. Conclusion: It was observed that the students who enrolled in ICID presented well-integrated planning during ERLM, despite the COVID-19 pandemic hindering these students' contact between theoretical teaching and the integrated practices in dentistry offered by the educational institution.

The twofold aim of this exploratory article is to highlight the interest of the horizon metaphor, whose hermeneutic richness helps us to grasp different realities, and to show how the metaphor can help us to understand problematic situations within the framework of a pragmatist geography. Three figurative meanings of the word horizon are developed. The recognition of geological horizons invites us to question the nature of the landscape discontinuities identified in the world, between basic unit, demarcation line and landmark (scape). The exploration of the environment, at the invitation of phenomenological horizons, finds its application in the geographical study of spaces as experienced by their users (motion-scape). Being moved by the fusion of horizons proposed by Gadamer (1960) makes it possible to discuss the possibility of approaching another horizon and to underline that understanding in dialogue contributes to the elaboration of a common horizon (e-motion-scape). For each of these approaches, the essential concepts are defined and an example taken from the geography of the Rhône River is described in detail, in order to highlight the added value of using the spatial metaphor. The debates surrounding the Messinian crisis in the Rhône basin, the landscape consequences of ecological restoration operations and river conservation strategies, as well as the controversies raised by the economic development of the Rhône are successively presented. These metaphorical uses of the horizon reveal three attitudes towards the world (detachment, domination and interdependence) and its discontinuities (discerning, crossing and erasing), which can help to apprehend problematic situations.

Entretien

This article analyzes coastal and maritime frictions by examining the relationship between globalized maritime flows and maritime security. From the coast, local or regional players can influence global maritime exchanges that take place offshore. The case of the Bab el-Mandeb strait and its natural extensions (Southern Red Sea and Gulf of Aden) provides a good illustration of this : a major maritime traffic route, the strait is characterized by the presence of Somali piracy, mainly between 1995 and 2015, as well as by the extension at sea of the civil war in Yemen, which has turned into a regional conflict. This research, based on maritime data as well as an in-depth study of the regional context, seeks to identify the influences of acts of violence on the various trades of the Bab el-Mandeb strait. The impact of political contexts in coastal states on maritime flows in open seas seems to depend on the geographical scale, with a more significant effect at regional and local levels than at the global level. Nevertheless, the crucial factor lies in the ability of maritime actors to reduce the dissipation of energy resulting from these tensions.

A força que o agronegócio desempenha na economia brasileira já foi motivo de diversos estudos, e uma forma de provar essa importância é por meio da análise da balança comercial do setor, o qual é responsável por grande entrada de capitais para o país. Nesse sentido, este estudo busca verificar as transações econômicas brasileiras e analisar, a partir do período de 2010 a 2020, os impactos que as variáveis macroeconômicas renda interna, renda externa, taxa de câmbio e termos de troca apresentam sobre o saldo da balança comercial do agronegócio brasileiro. Em uma primeira análise dos dados, foi possível verificar que a maior parte da produção do setor brasileiro é escoada para a China, com destaque para grãos como a soja, assim como a carne; em contrapartida, o país tem uma forte importação de produtos agrícolas da Argentina, com destaque para os cereais. Ao analisar os resultados obtidos por meio do modelo econométrico do VAR e VEC, com relação aos impactos das variáveis no saldo, foi possível verificar que um efeito positivo do aumento da renda interna, bem como da renda externa e da taxa de câmbio, ou seja, variações positivas nas rendas, e uma desvalorização cambial, resultam em melhores saldos para a balança comercial do agronegócio brasileiro no período de análise. Além disso, foi possível verificar, por meio do teste de causalidade de Granger, que as duas variáveis de renda possuem papel de causalidade bidirecional com o saldo, resultando em um modelo mais ajustado. Por fim, analisou-se a decomposição da variância do erro, em que foi possível averiguar que no 12º mês, a variância do saldo da balança é explicada em 45,7% por ele mesmo, 20,89% pela renda externa, e 17,36% pela renda interna.

Entretien avec Jean-Pierre Rochat

Reseñas iberoamericanas

Este artigo tem como objetivo comentar a tradução proposta de fragmentos de The Sea and the Jungle, de Henry Major Tomlinson, lançado em 1912, bem como as estratégias de tradução propostas. O texto de Tomlinson foi escolhido pelo seu caráter poético, sobretudo pelo emprego de figuras de linguagem, tais como, a metáfora, a aliteração e a hipotipose. Escolhemos para o comentário que se segue apresentar três fragmentos com exemplos representativos de hipotipose, as traduções que propusemos e uma breve análise a respeito da descrição como pintura, colocações inusitadas e apelo sensorial, características do processo de formação da hipotipose empregadas pelo autor.

Tradução de The Sea and the Jungle, de Henry Major Tomlinson.

Since the mid-2010s, a regression in several public policies has been observed. This process has intensified after the election of Jair Bolsonaro. The dismantling strategies and attacks on democratic institutions have been analyzed by a growing literature, while the resilience of state bureaucracies, political actors, and the political regime have been ovelooked. Based on a case study in the Northeastern semi-arid region, this article analyzes two interrelated policies involving the participation of non-state actors: i) water governance in the São Francisco River basin and ii) access to water and agroecological food products. The study shows that although the degree of institutionalization is a factor of stability, this does not prevent changes or dismantling. It also highlights the capacity of informal policy networks to establish implementation alternatives and coalitions to resist change and promote new policy responses.

ABSTRACT Objective: Postoperative readmission rates can be used to assess hospital care quality. The rates of unplanned readmission within 30 days after spine surgery are variable in the literature, and no studies have evaluated such rates in a single Latin American center. This study aimed to assess the rate of unplanned hospital readmission within 30 days after a spine surgery at a single Brazilian institution and to identify possible risk factors. Methods: Patients who underwent spine surgery at a single private hospital between January 2018 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and those with unplanned readmissions within 30 days of discharge were identified. Risk factors were determined, and the reoperation rate was assessed. Results: 650 patients were included in the analysis, and 74 (11.28%) were readmitted within 30 days after surgery. Higher readmission rates were observed after vertebroplasty and surgeries involving spinal or bone tumors. The risk factors found in the series were older age, longer hospital stays, higher ASA scores, instrumented surgeries, diabetes mellitus, and surgeries involving primary or secondary spinal tumors. The most common causes of unplanned readmission were infection and pain. Of the readmissions, 28.37% required a return to the operating room. Conclusions: This study suggests infection and pain management were the most common causes of unplanned readmission after spine surgery. Strategies to improve perioperative and postoperative care are required to reduce unplanned readmissions. Level of Evidence III; Retrospective Comparative Study.

Abstract It was assessed the reliability of an assay aimed at measuring the suprathreshold intensity and acceptability for chicken broth containing different amounts of sodium chloride, according to the criteria of temporal stability, among adults. Both intensity and acceptability were measured using a 9-point scale (“not salty at all” to “extremely salty” for intensity and “dislike it extremely” to “like it extremely” for acceptability). Results indicated that the intensity ratings increased gradually throughout the nine concentrations ranging from 1.7 to 7.9. The highest level of acceptability corresponds to the concentration of 255 mg of Na/100ml with a rating score of 6.3. The intensity and acceptability values varied greatly among concentration and participants. The temporal stability was assessed over a period of 7 to 15 days. There was no statistically significant difference between the two sessions for the suprathreshold and acceptability scores, regardless of the concentration. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was significant for one concentration in the intensity scores (ICC = 0.54) and for 4 out of 6 concentrations of the acceptability scores, varying from 0.35 to 0.64. The test covers a range of concentrations consistent with sodium levels found in commercially available products. Due to the limited number of subjects in this study, further work is needed to better describe its measurement properties.

Este artículo evidencia cómo los pueblos indígenas de la Amazonía colombiana aunque parten de específicas identidades que son siempre un resultado relacional, se hallan articulados en extensas redes socioculturales que incluso pueden sobrepasar su afiliación a familias lingüísticas. Apela a las argumentaciones indígenas sobre su identidad y las relaciones de intercambio social, económico y ritual entre diferentes grupos, de lo que depende la producción y reproducción de sus sociedades y culturas. Ello descansa en precisos principios de la organización social que constituyen la urdimbre del tejido de las redes socio-culturales que, sin embargo, no se realizan de manera homogénea e incluso podrían manifestarse de distinta forma, cuya flexibilidad permite la ampliación de sus relaciones de intercambio. Este artículo ilustra tales redes entre los grupos de las familias lingüísticas de los Tucano Oriental del Vaupés; la Gente de Centro hablantes de lenguas Witoto, Bora y Andoke, que habitan el curso medio de los ríos Caquetá y Putumayo; y la gente del río Mirití Paraná y bajo Apaporis que incluyen pueblos indígenas hablantes de lenguas Tucano Oriental y Arawak del Maipure Septentrional.

This article sets out to trace the outlines of the soundscape of the works that form what is called the cycle of La Celestina, with particular attention to the Tragicomedia de Lisandro y Roselia by Sancho de Muñón (1542). This set of six sequels of La Celestina by Fernando de Rojas, in which noise and all references to sounds take on singular importance and are amplified with respect to the model, lends itself particularly to this type of analysis. At the same time that it saturates the diegetic space and makes us penetrate the precarious intimacy of the characters, noise becomes an essential attribute of some of them and the recurring source of scenes that generally have erotic implications. We relate this soundscape thus characterized, in which the acoustic notations are as many describing features as implicit captions, with the modalities of reception of these "noisy" sequels and the absence of a stage representation. This sound material from the cycle of La Celestina would take on its actual meaning and find its suitable sounding board in works read aloud, and the textual clues to a dramatized reading do not lack at all.

O texto discute a história da biografia e sua relação com o conceito de identidade. Desde Plutarco e suas "Vidas paralelas", passando pelas reflexões de Paul Ricoeur (sobre a mesmidade e ipseidade) e de Roland Barthes sobre os biografemas. Conclui que o biógrafo não procura mais preencher lacunas a todo custo, mas está interessado na pluralidade dos modos de apropriação, na diversidade de sua recepção e nos usos do ícone e em suas flutuações ao longo do tempo.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life (QoL), quality of sleep, and sleepiness index in undergraduate dentistry students between their active learning (AL) and emergency remote learning (ERL) due to social distancing imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Information was collected using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36-BR), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS-BR), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-BR) questionnaires administered before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A comparison regarding the type of education, demographic factors, academic performance, PSQI-BR, ESS-BR, and SF-36-BR between the groups was performed, considering a significance level of 0.05. Results: A total of 55 students were from AL, while 45 students were from ERL. The sample consisted of 74 women and 26 men aged 21–30 years. The academic coefficient of these students ranged from 7 to 8 points (AL= 38.2% and ERL= 57.8%). In addition, a large proportion of the students reported having no failures (AL=60% and ERL= 66.7%). Regarding QoL, the students presented a greater impairment in functional capacity (p = 0.01), followed by limitations in social aspects, general health perception, body pain, and vitality. According to the ESS-BR scores (p = 0.04), the students presented a lower quality of sleep. Conclusion: Dentistry students had the worst QoL panoramas and poor relative sleep quality before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, QoL instruments were reliable for quantifying health-related QoL in AL and ERL.

L’étude radiographique de la base du crâne se fait aisément à l’aide de quelques schémas qui reconstruisent les différents étages et leurs rapports osseux.

Cet article vise à faire le point sur la notion d’expression et notamment sur l’élément matériel qui la caractérise a minima. Après avoir examiné la relation entre matière et forme et entre image et schématisme, nous prendrons en considération la substance visuelle telle qu’elle est mise à disposition dans les bases de données qui permettent non seulement l’analyse des collections d’images, notamment artistiques, mais aussi la production de nouvelles œuvres via des plateformes de génération d’images telles que Midjourney et Stable Diffusion.

Enquanto, por um lado, mantém seu interesse pela história dos regimes políticos após a Revolução Francesa, por outro lado a história do direito constitucional também se interessa pelo controle judicial da lei e pela proteção dos direitos e das liberdades. Trabalhos de grande importância mostram a vitalidade dessa disciplina, alicerçada na história do direito.

ABSTRACT Soybean tolerance to defoliation may be affected by population density, as the plant population interferes with the crop leaf area index . This study aimed to evaluate the effect of defoliation at the beginning of pod formation on the agronomic performance of soybean at different plant densities. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in Campos Novos, SC, Brazil, during 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 growing season. The experimental design was a randomized block in a split-plot arrangement. The main plot consisted of three densities (100,000, 300,000, and 500,000 plants ha−1), whereas the subplots consisted of the cultivar NA 5909 RG submitted to five defoliation levels (0, 16.6, 33.3, 50, and 66.6%). Grain yield ranged from 4,219 to 5,356 kg ha−1 in the 2016/2017 growing season and 3,732 to 5,186 kg ha−1 in the 2017/2018 growing season. Plant density did not interfere with the grain yield response to defoliation performed at the beginning of pod formation. The 16.6% defoliation increase grain yield by 7.5 and 5.6% relative to the control in 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 growing seasons, respectively. The soybean tolerate defoliation of up to 33.3% at R3 with no significant decrease in grain yield, regardless of the plant density.

The deployment of digital technologies continues to lead us to a real upheaval in our ways of thinking, communicating, forming, transmit[1]ting the faith and evangelising. It is a kind of “digital ecosystem” that they establish. Catechesis is not exempt from this. The contribution considers seven main challenges that a “holistic e-catechesis” (in sense of digitised catechesis) seeks to address in the age of “digital ecologies”, due to changes in our relationships with knowledge, truth, temporality, authority, spiritual experience, pedagogy of initiation and community. We are urged to develop hybrid forms of combination between face-to-face and online catechesis, because given the law of “synesthetic” incarnation at the heart of the Christian faith, the all-digital approach remains an illusion.

C’est à un véritable bouleversement dans nos manières de penser, de communiquer, de former, de transmettre la foi et d’évangéliser, que le déploiement des technologies du numérique continue de nous conduire. C’est une sorte d’«écosystème digital» qu’elles établissent. La catéchèse n’en est pas exempte. La contribution prend en compte sept défis principaux qu’une «e-catéchèse holistique» s’emploie à relever à l’ère des «écologies digitales», du fait des modifications de nos rapports aux savoirs, à la vérité, à la temporalité, à l’autorité, à l’expérience spirituelle, à la pédagogie d’initiation et à la communauté. Ce sont des formes de combinaisons hybrides entre catéchèses en présentiel et en ligne que nous sommes poussés de développer, car vu la loi de l’incarnation «synesthétique» au cœur de la foi chrétienne, le tout numérique demeure une illusion.

Sparsely populated areas are often characterized by incomplete territorial control by governments. This creates opportunities for informal and/or illegal activities, which can lead to the economic exploitation of the territories, paving the way for political domination or territorial conquest. Although these activities may not be officially recognized or accepted, they play a significant role in the symbolic, material, and economic construction of sparsely populated territories. This paper examines the case of informal gold mining in the interior of French Guiana, an overseas territory of France, through this perspective. Based on a detailed analysis of the interplay between formal territorial control by the government and informal exploration of natural resources by wildcat actors, it highlights the ways in which informal activities can shape the development and governance of these territories.

Teoricamente, a democracia racional-legal e a economia neoliberal deveriam desencorajar o clientelismo, mas o clientelismo continua difundido na América Latina. Quais são as raízes dessa desconexão entre teoria e realidade? Defendemos que a continuidade do clientelismo se deve em grande parte aos efeitos das políticas econômicas neoliberais: a escassez de recursos estatais e o aumento dos níveis de pobreza e desigualdade. Sugerimos ainda que a intensidade do clientelismo deve diminuir quando as instituições democráticas formais e os sistemas econômicos forem capazes de lidar com a pobreza e a desigualdade de forma eficiente e responsiva. Usamos o Brasil como estudo de caso para ilustrar a nossa tese.

The systematic study of the blocks of the Belvoir castle lapidary has allowed us to restore several architectural ensembles that could have belonged to the castle chapel, which has now disappeared. In this article, we present the method of analysis and recording of these blocks, as well as the protocol of 3D reconstruction that allowed us to formulate several hypotheses concerning the shape, decoration and roof of the chapel. One of them proposes an architectural ensemble with an ogival vault, to which numerous lapidary elements seem to belong, but in opposition to the style of contemporary constructions in the Latin East. As for the other, it is based on a style more in line with the architectural context, but few of the stones found could belong to it. Without proposing to definitively settle the question, this article also demonstrates the interest of a very strong interconnection between archaeologists, stone-cutting specialists and architects allowing, around the 3D reconstruction, to propose hypotheses considering all the data of the problem.

Face à la pandémie du COVID-19, la science de l’information se trouve confrontée à un certain nombre de nouvelles problématiques, liées aux crises d’information, auxquelles elle n’était pas préparée. Qui dit crise mondiale, crise économique, crise énergétique, changement climatique, etc... dit crise d’information, crise caractérisée par une augmentation drastique de la quantité d’informations, par une épidémie d’information i.e. une infodémie et par de nouvelles et nombreuses mauvaises conduites des pratiques informationnelles. La crise sanitaire liée à la pandémie du COVID-19 n’échappe pas à la règle: infodémie de bonnes informations médicales et sanitaires mais aussi infodémie de mauvaises informations, bonnes pratiques informationnelles mais aussi nombreuses inconduites. Habituée au registre de la vérité scientifique, la science de l’information doit affronter le registre de la post-vérité et du complotisme qui semble caractériser nos sociétés actuelles. Information-soupçon, information-dénonciation, information-mensonge, c’est, pour la science de l’information, un nouvel horizon guère réjouissant qu’elle devrait pouvoir maîtriser sans problème en mobilisant son arsenal de concepts, de méthodes, de lois, de modèles et de théories bien établis en conservant et en développant l’horizon réjouissant de l’information-vérité.

Introducción: La Universidad que aspira a la Responsabilidad Social Universitaria (RSU) debe reinventar su gestión para permear la responsabilidad ética en todos sus procesos. Objetivo: Esta investigación pretende identificar las principales dificultades en la toma de decisiones gerenciales que limitan la RSU, incluyendo las incongruencias gerenciales y la carencia de discrecionalidad gerencial. Metodología: Este abordaje se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cualitativo, a través de 92 entrevistas semiestructuradas a la gerencia de una Universidad de México enfocada hacia la RSU, analizando los datos mediante estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Se encontró que, a mayor antigüedad gerencial en la Universidad, menor es la dificultad de atender los mecanismos administrativos. Conclusiones: Se concluye que la Universidad debe replantear los mecanismos administrativos de control y favorecer una cultura basada en los principios de RSU, la confianza y la innovación, evitando continuar con errores y sesgos en las decisiones gerenciales que limitarían el desarrollo de la RSU.