Search

Abstract Introduction: Obesity is thought to play a role in the disruption of cardiac rhythmicity in obese children, but this is mostly an unexplored field of investigation. We aimed to evaluate the impact of overweight and obesity on circadian and ultradian cardiovascular rhythmicity of prepubertal children, in comparison with normal weight counterparts. Methods: We performed a cross sectional study of 316 children, followed in the birth cohort Generation XXI (Portugal). Anthropometrics and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure were measured and profiles were examined with Fourier analysis for circadian and ultradian blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) rhythms. Results: Overweight/obese children presented more frequently a non-dipping BP pattern than normal weight counterparts (31.5% vs. 21.6%, p = 0.047). The prevalence of 24-hour mean arterial pressure (MAP) and 8-hour HR rhythmicity was significantly lower in obese children (79.3% vs. 88.0%, p = 0.038 and 33.3% vs. 45.2%, p = 0.031, respectively). The prevalence of the remaining MAP and HR rhythmicity was similar in both groups. No differences were found in the median values of amplitudes and acrophases of MAP and HR rhythms. Discussion: The alterations found in rhythmicity suggest that circadian and ultradian rhythmicity analysis might be sensitive in detecting early cardiovascular dysregulations, but future studies are needed to reinforce our findings and to better understand their long-term implications.

In this article, we, three pre-service Foreign Language teachers, used an introspective view of our memories and experiences to extract relevant aspects that defined our teacher self, teaching methodology, and vocation in Southern Colombia. We used a collaborative autoethnographic approach with virtual cumulative collaboration and an analytical/evocative typology. Our stories are evocative, but our experiences were extracted using instruments such as memory collection, self-reflections, reflective journal writing, autobiographical essays, and focus group discussions. We found tacit structural/sociological policies and factors which influenced our learning processes throughout our student selves. Factors concerning acculturation/cultural integration, affective teaching environments or lack thereof, and family dynamics influenced our selves. From retelling our stories, we can see that these policies/factors had an adverse effect in our learning, but a positive effect on our teacher selves and vocation. We can safely say that negative learning/family experiences influencedour teacher selves for the better in our stories.

Abstract Introduction: Treatment of nephrotic syndrome with corticosteroid can cause several side- effects including behavioral abnormalities. The objectives of the study were to observe the proportion of non-relapsers having persistence of behavioral abnormalities after completion of treatment of initial episode and compare the abnormalities with relapsers, and to determine risk factors for persistence. Methods: Seventy-five children with a first episode of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome and 60 normal children were rated by parents for behavioral problems using the Child Behavior Checklist. The Parenting Stress Index was also evaluated. The children were rated before treatment and 12 and 36 weeks after. Results: Both relapsers and non-relapsers showed abnormalities in internalizing and externalizing domains at 12 weeks of steroid therapy. Non-relapsers had abnormal scores in the internalizing domain in 63.5 % and externalizing domain in 48.1% of cases at 36 weeks. Relapsers had abnormal scores in all the three behavior domains, but a significantly higher proportion of relapsers had abnormal scores regarding total behavior (65.2% vs 28.8%, p

Resumo O Dia Mundial do Rim de 2016 estará focado na doença renal na infância e os antecedentes da doença renal no adulto ,que pode começar na mais tenra infância. A doença renal crônica (DRC) na infância é diferente daquela dos adultos, como o maior grupo de diagnóstico entre as crianças inclui anomalias congênitas e doenças hereditárias, com glomerulopatias e doença renal com diabetes sendo relativamente incomum. Além disso, muitas crianças com lesão renal aguda acabarão por desenvolver sequelas que podem levar à hipertensão e doença renal crônica mais tarde na infância ou na idade adulta. As crianças nascidas precoces ou aquelas que nascem pequenas para a idade gestacional têm relativamente maior risco de desenvolver DRC mais tarde na vida. As pessoas com parto de alto risco e história no início da infância devem ser acompanhadas de perto, a fim de se detectar sinais precoces da doença renal em tempo hábil, para submetê-las à prevenção ou tratamento eficaz. O tratamento pode ser bem-sucedido para DRC avançada na infância; há evidência de que as crianças se saem bem melhor do que os adultos, se receberem terapia de substituição renal, incluindo diálise e transplante, enquanto que apenas uma minoria das crianças podem necessitar desse último. Uma vez que existem disparidades no acesso aos cuidados de saúde, é necessário um esforço de modo a que as crianças com doença renal, onde quer que morem, possam ser tratadas de forma eficaz, independentemente das suas circunstâncias geográficas ou econômicas. Nossa esperança é que o Dia Mundial do Rim, leve informação ao público em geral, aos formuladores de políticas públicas e cuidadores sobre as necessidades e possibilidades que cercam a doença renal na infância.

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Estudos clínicos com enantiômeros levógiros dos anestésicos locais demonstraram maior segurança em função de menor cardiotoxicidade. Este estudo visou avaliar a qualidade da anestesia e as repercussões maternas e fetais com o emprego da bupivacaína a 0,5%, com a mistura enantiomérica da bupivacaína (S75-R25) a 0,5% e com a ropivacaína a 0,75% associadas ao fentanil, por via peridural em cesarianas. MÉTODO: Foram avaliadas 90 gestantes, estado físico ASA I, submetidas à cesariana eletiva sob anestesia peridural e divididas em 3 grupos: no grupo I receberam 23 ml de bupivacaína a 0,5% com epinefrina; no grupo II receberam 23 ml da mistura enantiomérica de bupivacaína (S75-R25) a 0,5% com epinefrina e no grupo III receberam 23 ml de ropivacaína a 0,75%. Associaram-se 2 ml de fentanil aos anestésicos locais. Foram avaliados: tempo de latência, duração da analgesia, grau de bloqueios motor e sensitivo, tempos de histerotomia e delivramento, relaxamento muscular e qualidade da anestesia, alterações hemodinâmicas e respiratórias maternas, presença de efeitos colaterais e vitalidade dos recém-nascidos através do índice de Apgar e da gasometria do cordão umbilical. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença entre os grupos, exceto na qualidade da anestesia. Nos grupos com predominância da fração levógira foi clinicamente inferior, havendo necessidade de complementação da anestesia em 3 casos. A duração da analgesia foi maior no grupo da ropivacaína. CONCLUSÕES: A mistura enantiomérica (S75-R25) da bupivacaína a 0,5% e a ropivacaína a 0,75% por via peridural proporcionaram boas condições, tanto quanto a bupivacaína a 0,5%, para a realização do ato anestésico-cirúrgico. As repercussões nos neonatos mostraram que os agentes anestésicos foram igualmente seguros.

De forma cronológica, o artigo retrata a História da Seção de Urologia no INCA.

During the past two decades, techniques for the non-invasive analysis of fecal steroid metabolites (estrogen, androgen, progestagen and glucocorticoid metabolites) have been developed. These techniques have been used for research with mammals, birds, reptiles, and to a lesser extent in fish; species studied included domestic and laboratory animals, as well as captive and free-ranging wildlife. The techniques now are widely accepted, and in many studies in which either blood sampling on a regular basis was difficult or not possible, i.e. in research on wildlife, very stress prone species or animals of small size, it has become a substitute for analyzing steroid hormones in serum/plasma.

Abstract Initial archaeological investigations at Cerro Gavilán 2, a rockshelter located in the Bolívar State of Venezuela, reveal evidence for human activity that spans the Early Holocene to the present. This report summarizes the information obtained through surface collection, limited excavation, and documentation of the surface features and rock art in the cave. Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C analysis established dates from excavated strata that range between 9250 ± 60 BP to 3440 ± 40 BP, and are associated with a unifacial flake technology and charred faunal and floral remains, whereas surface remains span the known ceramic sequence for the area. Rock art corresponds to distinctive superimposed styles that indicate continual repainting of the cave through time, serving to anchor the site to the landscape for multiple societies inhabiting the region. It is suggested that the shelter may have fulfilled different functions over time and a sequence of seasonal residential, ritual, and funerary activities is proposed. The rich cultural context found in Cerro Gavilán 2 contributes to advances in Amazonian archaeology that are redefining our knowledge of early developments and the complexity of human/environmental interactions in tropical America.