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The objective of this study was to obtain genetic marker information in the Gyr breed by analyzing bGH and Pit-1 gene polymorphisms and to verify their association with milk production traits. One sample including 40 Gyr bulls were genotyped at two bGH gene restriction sites (bGH- AluI and bGH-MspI) and at one restriction site in the Pit-1 gene (Pit-1 HinfI). The bGH-MspI(-) allele was favorable for fat milk percentage. The heterozigous Pit-1 HinfI (+/-) bulls were superior for fat milk production, in relation to homozigous Pit-1 HinfI (+/+). The Pit-1 and bGH genes are strong candidates in the dairy cattle QTL search, and zebuine populations are promising samples for this purpose.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar as tendências genéticas para a produção de leite e gordura nos rebanhos da raça Holandesa do Estado de Minas Gerais. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas por intermédio da metodologia dos modelos mistos, usando-se máxima verossimilhança restrita e modelo animal. Os efeitos fixos considerados no modelo foram: rebanho-ano-estação de parto e os efeitos linear e quadrático da idade da vaca ao parto. Os efeitos aleatórios foram animal e erro. A tendência genética foi calculada pela regressão do valor genético sobre o ano de nascimento da vaca; nesta análise, foram usados 18.482 registros de produção de leite e gordura de vacas de primeira cria, nascidas de 1986 a 1996. As estimativas de ganho genético para produção de leite e gordura foram 18,4 e 0,6 kg, respectivamente. A média de produção de leite e gordura aumentou anualmente, variando de 5083 ± 50 a 6876 ± 51 kg, e de 172,6 ± 1,7 a 228,5 ± 1,7 kg, respectivamente. Os valores genéticos estimados foram negativos em 1986 e 1987 e positivos após este período, com aumento acentuado nos últimos anos, indicando que os produtores de leite de Minas Gerais vêm adotando critérios para aumentar a capacidade de produção de seus rebanhos.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar se é necessário o ajustamento da produção de leite até 305 dias para produção no início da lactação, ao se determinar o efeito do período de serviço sobre a produção de leite. As produções no início da lactação foram representadas pelas produções acumuladas até 80, 100 e 120 dias e pela produção no pico. As análises foram realizadas para as primeiras e lactações seguintes, por meio de modelos em que se consideraram os períodos de serviço corrente e anterior, respectivamente. Em um modelo animal para produção de leite até 305 dias, incluíram-se os efeitos fixos de rebanho-ano-estação de parto, composição racial, idade e período de serviço em classes e produção no início da lactação e os efeitos aleatórios de animal, meio permanente e erro. Quando foi considerada a produção inicial para primeiras lactações, as diferenças relativas entre cada classe de período de serviço, por exemplo, 160 dias, permaneceram praticamente inalteradas. Por exemplo, quando as produções iniciais foram de até 80 e 100 dias, as diferenças entre produções de vacas com 40 e 160 dias de período de serviço corrente foram 675 e 677 kg, respectivamente. Esta diferença foi de 672 kg, quando a produção inicial foi ignorada. Para vacas de lactações seguintes, não houve influência da variação da duração da produção inicial sobre a relação entre produção e período de serviço anterior. O valor estimado da heritabilidade da produção de leite, quando não houve ajustamento para produção inicial, foi de 0,24, reduzindo-se para 0,15, quando o pico foi considerado. Concluiu-se que não é necessário considerar o efeito da produção inicial, ao se ajustarem as produções para período de serviço.

Objective: to assess the effects of a workplace physical activity (WPA) program on levels of anxiety, depression, burnout, occupational stress and self-perception of health and work-related quality of life of a nursing team in a palliative care unit., Methods: the WPA was conducted five days per week, lasting ten minutes, during three consecutive months. Twenty-one nursing professionals were evaluated before and after the intervention, with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Maslch Burnout Inventory, and the Job Stress Scale. The changes in self-perceived health and work-related quality of life were measured using a semi-structured questionnaire., Results: the WPA did not yield significant results on the levels of anxiety, depression, burnout or occupational stress. However, after the intervention, participants reported improved perceptions of bodily pain and feeling of fatigue at work., Conclusion: the WPA did not lead to beneficial effects on occupational stress and psychological variables, but it was well accepted by the nursing professionals, who reported improvement in perceptions of health and work-related quality of life.

This work redeems, contextualizes and features the social, historical and cultural aspects of the deaf community that uses the Brazilian Sign Language focusing on the social and anthropological model. The scope of this study was to conduct a bibliographical review in scientific textbooks and articles available in the Virtual Health Library, irrespective of the date of publication. 102 articles and 53 books were located, including 33 textbooks and 26 articles (four from the Lilacs database and 22 from the Medline database) that constituted the sample. Today, in contrast with the past, there are laws that guarantee the right to communication and attendance by means of the Brazilian Sign Language. The repercussion, acceptance and inclusion in health policies of the decrees enshrined in Brazilian laws is a major priority.

Objective: To construct versions of the WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-DIS instruments in Brazilian sign language to evaluate the Brazilian deaf population's quality of life., Methods: The methodology proposed by the World Health Organization (WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-DIS) was used to construct instruments adapted to the deaf community using Brazilian Sign Language (Libras). The research for constructing the instrument took placein 13 phases: 1) creating the QUALITY OF LIFE sign; 2) developing the answer scales in Libras; 3) translation by a bilingual group; 4) synthesized version; 5) first back translation; 6) production of the version in Libras to be provided to the focal groups; 7) carrying out the Focal Groups; 8) review by a monolingual group; 9) revision by the bilingual group; 10) semantic/syntactic analysis and second back translation; 11) re-evaluation of the back translation by the bilingual group; 12) recording the version into the software; 13) developing the WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-DIS software in Libras., Results: Characteristics peculiar to the culture of the deaf population indicated the necessity of adapting the application methodology of focal groups composed of deaf people. The writing conventions of sign languages have not yet been consolidated, leading to difficulties in graphically registering the translation phases. Linguistics structures that caused major problems in translation were those that included idiomatic Portuguese expressions, for many of which there are no equivalent concepts between Portuguese and Libras. In the end, it was possible to create WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-DIS software in Libras., Conclusions: The WHOQOL-BREF and the WHOQOL-DIS in Libras will allow the deaf to express themselves about their quality of life in an autonomous way, making it possible to investigate these issues more accurately.

Leprosy is one of the most common diseases of peripheral nerves in the world. In Brazil it is particularly frequent, being a major health problem. In tuberculoid leprosy the ulnar nerve is the most common affected nerve. Sometimes there are no skin changes. In these cases in spite of nerve thickening only the nerve biopsy is capable to make a specific diagnosis. We performed a biopsy in the dorsal sensory branch of the ulnar nerve in the hand in 17 patients with ulnar palsy with thickening of the nerve in the elbow, without skin changes. The pathological findings consisted mainly of: loss of fibers (14 cases), inflammatory infiltration (13), fibrosis (12), demyelination and remyelination (9), presence of granuloma (6) and presence of bacilli (5 cases). We conclude that in case of ulnar nerve palsy in leprosy without skin changes, the biopsy of the dorsal sensory branch of this nerve in the hand is a good procedure for the diagnosis of leprosy.

A prospective study was performed to identify knowledge concerning visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in endemic areas of Maranhao, amongst the rural population of the Codo township and in a peripheral urban area (an old settlement, Maracana, on the outskirts of the city of Sao Luis, and Vila Nova/Bom Viver, Paco do Lumiar township). A total of 283 persons were interviewed, including 53 from Maracana, 103 from Vila Nova/Bom Viver, and 127 from Codo. The sites presented favorable conditions for the development and maintenance of VL. Some 93.8% of those interviewed had heard of kala-azar. In Maracana, 50.9% referred to sandflies as responsible for the transmission of VL, while 87.2% knew that dogs are the main link in the epidemiological cycle of the disease. Some 77.8% of those interviewed did not know how to control the disease. As regards manifestations of the disease, they largely associated it with fever, anemia, weight loss, and an enlarged abdomen. Only five individuals knew that Glucantimeis used to treat VL. We conclude that knowledge is poor with regard to all aspects of VL in both the rural and peripheral urban area.