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OBJECTIVE: There is a need, in the absence of formal services, to design interventions aimed at improving the lives of people with dementia and their families. This study tested the effectiveness of the 10/66 caregiver intervention among people with dementia and their caregivers in Lima, Peru. METHOD: Design/participants: a randomized controlled trial was performed involving 58 caregivers of people with dementia that received the intervention in the beginning of the trial (n = 29) or six months later (n = 29). The intervention consisted of three modules: 1) assessment (one session); 2) basic education about dementia (two sessions); and 3) training regarding specific problem behaviors (two sessions). Main outcome measures: Caregivers and patients with dementia were assessed at baseline and after six months. For caregivers, the measures included strain (Zarit Burden Interview), psychological distress (SRQ-20), and quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF). Dementia patients completed scales assessing behavioral and psychological symptoms (NPI-Q) and quality of life (DEMQOL). RESULTS: Caregivers in the intervention group reported significantly decreased strain measures six months after the intervention compared to controls. No group differences were found in respect to the caregivers' psychological distress and to quality of life in both caregivers and patients. CONCLUSION: The 10/66 intervention seems to be as effective as similar interventions used in more developed countries.OBJETIVO: Demência é um problema crescente nos países em desenvolvimento. Existe uma necessidade urgente, devido à falta de serviços formais, de desenvolver intervenções que visem melhorar a vida das pessoas portadoras de demência e de suas famílias. Este estudo testa a efetividade do programa de intervenção para pessoas com demência e seus cuidadores desenvolvido pelo grupo 10/66, em Lima, Peru. MÉTODO: Desenho/participantes: ensaio clínico randomizado. Cinquenta e oito cuidadores de pessoas com demência foram randomizados para receber a intervenção imediatamente (n = 29) ou seis meses após sua inclusão no estudo. A intervenção é composta por três módulos: 1) avaliação (uma sessão); 2) educação básica sobre demência (duas sessões); e 3) treinamento para lidar com problemas comportamentais específicos (duas sessões). Principais medidas de desfecho: os cuidadores e as pessoas com demência foram avaliados no início do estudo e depois de seis meses. Em relação aos cuidadores, os desfechos foram: sobrecarga (Zarit Burden Interview), estresse psicológico (SRQ-20); e qualidade de vida (WHOQOL-BREF). Em relação às pessoas com demência, os desfechos foram: sintomas comportamentais e psicológicos (NPI-Q); e qualidade de vida (DEMQOL). RESULTADOS: Os cuidadores que receberam a intervenção relataram diminuição estatisticamente significante nas medidas de sobrecarga quando reavaliados depois de seis meses, em comparação aos cuidadores do grupo-controle. Não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos em relação a estresse psicológico dos cuidadores e qualidade de vida dos pacientes e cuidadores. CONCLUSÃO: Esta intervenção parece ser tão, se não mais, efetiva quanto intervenções similares aplicadas em países desenvolvidos.

Objective: Cutaneous reaction after BCG revaccination has been cause of concerns due its magnitude. Would it be intense enough to discourage its use in school-age children? The objective of this study is to describe the evolution of BCG vaccination site between 48 hours and 10 weeks post-revaccination., Methods: A descriptive cohort study was carried out involving 484 children between six and 11 years. The subjects were vaccinated with 0.1 mL of BCG-Moreau. Erythema, induration, pustule, ulcer, crust and final scar were measured within 48 h, 72 h and weekly until the tenth week, evaluated between July and December 1987. Epi Info 6.0 software was utilized to analyze frequencies, means, median and standard deviations., Results: Induration was present in 99.1% and erythema in 91.6% of 438 children evaluated within 48 h. Pustules were observed in the first week in 26.1% of 479 children. The first ulcers were seen during the second week. In the tenth week, 69.8% of 463 children showed crusts but only 29.2% completed the healing process., Conclusions: BCG revaccination in school-age children causes intense and early reaction that can be related to Koch phenomenon, even though it does not present the expected reduction in the healing period. The magnitude of the reaction is not enough to discourage its recommendation for school-age children. On the other hand, it is possible that the rapid inflammatory response is an indication of active immune response from the first vaccination.