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Background: Prenatal nursing appointments underwent changes during the COVID-19 pandemic, namely in the restriction of companions. For this reason, it is important to assess pregnant women's satisfaction with nursing care during this period. Objective: To assess pregnant women's satisfaction with nurse midwife-led prenatal appointments during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: A qualitative descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 196 pregnant women. The Portuguese version of the General Practice Nurse Satisfaction Scale (Escala de Satisfação dos Pacientes com a Assistência de Enfermagem) was administered to the sample. The tool consists of the following dimensions: interpersonal relationship and communication, confidence, credibility, and dedication. Results: Pregnant women are, on average, more satisfied in the interpersonal relationship and communication dimension and less satisfied in the dedication dimension. Conclusion: Pregnant women are satisfied with nursing care and acknowledge its importance. This finding reinforces the importance of nurse midwife-led consultations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Estudos Feministas is the property of Revista Estudos Feministas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The craft of the traditional midwives, in its majority, is transmitted through orality in oral communication, which transmits ancestral knowledge about pregnancy, the female body, herbs, care, childbirth, and postpartum, knowledge that is Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. In this study the general objective is to analyze the importance of the Midwife Museum of Pernambuco, in the face of the search of traditional midwives for cultural and heritage rights. The methodological procedures of the research, qualitative in nature, are based on the descriptive-exploratory study with bibliographic and documentary research in databases, legislation, inventories prepared by the Midwife Museum and the process of recognition of the knowledge of the traditional midwives as Intangible Cultural Heritage with the Institute of National Artistic and Historical Heritage (IPHAN). This article is the result of research carried out in the course of a Master's degree in Public Policies at the Federal University of Piauí (UFPI). The results demonstrate that the actions carried out by the team of the Museu da Parteira conquered together with the traditional midwives of Pernambuco: the protagonism, cultural rights through the publication of books, documentaries, photographs, recognition as Living Heritage and the request for registration of the knowledge that is being processed at the national level, but that everything occurred in the face of tensions with the state, whether from the first refusal of registration with IPHAN and even in occupying the Museu do Homem Nordestino. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I examine women´s perceptions of birth care through the presence or absence of gratitude in birth stories from two English websites. In these narratives, gratitude is not always expressed nor is it necessarily addressed to the health team -- doulas or the websites themselves are thanked for helping prepare for childbirth and for a positive experience. Good birth care in these stories is associated with good communication between women and midwife, especially regarding the information they receive about the procedures and about what to do during labor. Thus, both in these narratives and in the public health literature on childbirth, a good care team is one that enables women to make their own decisions and informed choices. In doing so, it empowers women and reduces asymmetry in the professional-patient relationship. On the contrary, contradictory or little information can produce anxiety and discomfort. Therefore, I argue that the feeling of gratitude, absent or present in birth reports, illuminates the dynamics of childbirth care in England, revealing what constitutes good care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the profile of traditional midwives in the state of Amazonas, Brazil, highlighting the identification of socioeconomic characteristics, their places of work and the analysis of the relationship between the work of midwives and health services. This is a descriptive and analytical study. The information collected comes from an instrument applied with midwives in the municipalities of the state of Amazonas that makes up the database. It was found that most midwives interviewed have incomplete elementary education; reside in rural or riverside areas; started the activity of midwifery community context and the absence or unavailability of health services. It was found that most of the interviewees reported not attending births in health facilities and do not receive help from the health departments so that they can assist the parturients. The results show the importance of the presence and support of traditional midwives in Amazonian territories. It is necessary to strengthen their practices, involving dialogue between the various existing knowledge in the production of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to identify the forms of legitimation used by traditional medicines to defend their persistence and development. Research focuses on the case of the Medicos Descalzos (MeDes) of Chinique (Guatemala) Association, a self-managed organization of Mayan K'iche' medicine. A field work of five weeks duration was carried out, mainly using the ethnographic method and the analysis of historical and contemporary documents. The contribution of the article is the typification of the process of systematization and validation of knowledge of Mayan K'iche' medicine carried out by MeDes, illustrated in the description of the work of midwives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Diversitas Journal is the property of Diversitas Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was determine whether the personal features of the participants create a difference in terms of organizational innovation. This study was conducted with 1234 nurses and midwives. A multiple regression model was created to see and predict the effect on individuals' total innovative scores and self-efficacy scores. The total innovative and the self-efficacy score are predicted with multiple regression analyses. It was observed that the variable that most affected both the total innovative score and the self-efficacy score of the individuals was the education level of the individuals. The fact that midwives and nurses have a certain level of innovative and self-confidence is important for the society to receive better and faster health services. In this study, it was observed that the education level was important for the development of innovative and self-confidence in both groups.

Carried out by the Fundación Servicio Especial en Salud Pública (FSESP) in Algoas between 1960 and 1990, this is a sociohistorical study that describes the work of recruiting, training and supervising midwives and curious women. Both written and oral sources were used, produced in interviews from oral thematic history. The participants were two health visitors, six midwives, three curious women, a doctor, and a nurse. The results showed that the midwives and curious women were recruited and trained by the health visitors. When they could assist a birth, they received a bag with materials and were accompanied by the health visitors or nurses to clean the bags and renew the instructions. The actions of the midwives/curious women were analyzed from the referential theory of Marie Françoise Collière, which revealed that they provided care to patients based on knowledge and practices acquired through experience, seeking to secure the continuity of life. It was concluded that the FSESP was an important health service in Alagoas due to its activities in health education, revision, care and treatment of women in labor and newborns. Additionally, practices that have been improved throughout the years were found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is based on the cultural and research project "Observatório Maria Mideira: studies on midwives in Cariri" that continues to develop studies and cultural products in the interior of Ceará. The objective of this study was to research the history of women midwives, understanding their participation in history and the importance of their work in contemporary times, their new identities, and ways of insertion in modern society in a biomedical medicine. It is considered that the role of midwives is necessary for maternal health, as they play a crucial role, especially in regions far from urban centers, in addition to acting directly in the preservation of traditional communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The birth plan (BP) is a reflexive and decision-making process of the expectant couple, exposed in a written document, allowing a better communication with health professionals and the women's autonomy. Objective: The present study, inserted in a larger investigation, aimed to describe the couple's expectation about BP. Methodology: A qualitative, exploratory-descriptive study. Participants were 10 couples who attended the Parenthood and Birth Preparation Program at a maternity in central Portugal. The data collection instrument was the semi-structured interview and data analysis performed using the Bardin content analysis method and the NVivo10 software. Results: Half of the participants did not know the concept of the Birth Plan, but recognize the importance of discussing their preferences with a midwife for a positive childbirth experience. Conclusion: This study allows innovation and improvement in safe care for women/ couples, in order to respond to their expectations and needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every year, publications on The Book of the City of Ladies (1405), the most celebrated work by Christine de Pizan, multiply. One of the themes addressed in the work is Education; also present in other writings of the author, such as Le Livre des trois vertus, Enseignements et proverbes moraux. In The Book of the City of Ladies, the teaching-learning process deserves special attention, as it presents itself not only as thematic, but still as a structuring element of the narrative. The plot is developed through dialogues between the narrator/protagonist Christine and the allegorical characters Lady Reason, Lady Righteousness and Lady Justice. We intend, in this article, to approach the role of dialogue in the work The Book of the City of Ladies, understanding it as a pedagogical tool in the process of knowledge/truth management. Our analysis will consist of relating the dialogue established between the three Masters/Virtues and the apprentice/Christine to the maieutic art, proposed by Socrates and his method of assisting in the labor of knowledge, presented in Plato's Dialogues. In the path of the Socratic metaphor, we will seek to identify in the work of Pizan the two stages that assist in the conduct of Christine's delivery, employed by the ladies/midwives: inducing doubt about a certain knowledge; and the incentive to think from one's own knowledge and experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the midwifery profession, its social importance, the disputes for clientele and the female sociability that revolved around this professional exercise. The midwife was a limit presence between life and death, between a good birth and an unwanted outcome. It was she who brought the child into the world, cut the umbilical cord, took care of the woman who had just given birth, cleaned the newborn, provided (sometimes, in the parents' own courtyard) the stillbirth burial, baptized the born in periculo mortis, he hurried the survivors. The analysis of this health worker uses judicial documents as social observatories, and through them handles the crossing with other sources, looking for the social experiences of the agents present there, both in the exercise of their profession, as well as receiving diverse assistance. Part of the women who appear in this article, consulting or effectively using the services of midwives, are domestic service workers, thus, we will also discuss issues of this work universe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sexualidad, Salud y Sociedad: Revista Latinoamericana is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Saúde e Sociedade is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Saude Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: to reflect on the appropriate technologies used by generalist nurses and obstetricians in the process of humanized labor. Methodology: This is a reflection about the hard, light and light-hard technologies used in childbirth. The process of childbirth in the present time was related to the concepts of technologies according to Merhy. Results: the use of light and hard-light technologies as appropriate tools for humanized childbirth, as they favor women's autonomy and subjectivity, were pointed out in this course, however, hard technologies are sometimes important in the parturition process, such as a surgical intervention according to the recommendations of the Ministry of Health.. Conclusions: The applicability of light and hard-light technologies is favorable to humanized labor, thus reducing the risks of infection and maternal and neonatal mortality caused by unnecessary interventions from hard technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Saúde e Sociedade is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Saude Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista CPC is the property of Revista CPC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Texto & Contexto Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pos-Graduacao de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Maternal Near Miss (MNM) can be defined as a woman who almost died but survived the complication that occurred during pregnancy, childbirth or up to 42 days after the end of gestation. In this context, it is emphasized that nursing care for these women is complex and, as such, entails numerous needs for the care development. The dynamics among the professionals, the patients' condition and the use of innumerable technologies require the nursing knowledge in different orders, maximizing the assistance provided, effective work and care processes. This study has the objective to characterize the experience of obstetric nurses with Maternal Near Miss in reference maternity hospitals in Aracaju / SE. This is an exploratory, descriptive study with a quantitative approach. An intentional non-probabilistic sample was used, which was composed of 25 obstetric nurses from the reference maternity hospitals in Aracaju / SE. The data were analyzed in a descriptive and analytical way using R-project (version 3.4.2). The socioprofessional characterization of nurses was defined as the predominance of the age group from 30 to 39 years old at the beginning of their professional career, the development of 40 to 60 hours a week of work and a contractual relationship. The MNM situations were experienced by 76% of these professionals, 56% had positive feelings about the developed assistance. The volunteers have experience on MNM due to professional practice. However, it is necessary to continue education, increase scientific production and explore the subject in the curricular matrix of the graduation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to describe experiences of psychological assistance to women in the district of Calama, in the city of Porto Velho - Rondônia, focused on the participation in the Extension Project "Projeto Calama: Ribeirinhos do Rio Madeira", October 2007. The following reports present the authors fieldwork experience and discusses some important aspects of the life history and subjectivity of women who participated in the activities developed by means of a clinical focal group (Fern, 2001), (Rogers, 1970/1978). Those methodologies were used to a better understanding of the dynamics of life and sexuality of riverine women, with an emphasis on the content evoked by midwives in Calama. The analysis of the data was based on the contents (Bardin, 1977) which emerged in the group conversations at the level of group analysis, codifying and interpreting the content brought up by these reports. It was concluded that the midwives are highly skilled, and have a very appropriate knowledge about sexuality, body and human reproduction. The rescue of this knowledge represented, for those involved, the preservation of the intimacy of births, the strengthening of the bonds of trust between the community people and the midwives. Midwives are part of the symbolism of childbirth, as a moment of love in the community, so it is not an advantage to lose it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Texto & Contexto Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pos-Graduacao de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Saúde e Sociedade is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Saude Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study addresses the wisdom of traditional peoples, present in his orality, evidenced in the benedictory practices and midwives, based on empirical data collected by this author, immersed in their own culture, from family and community coexistence in communities caiçaras and remnants maroons in the municipality of Guaraqueçaba/PR. In constant use, these traditional practices of midwives and benedictory and their knowledge of herbs with medicinal use end up relegated front the advances of medicine itself, for example, where the loss of cultural identity of the region. In this sense, seeking visibility, appreciation and recognition of these intrinsic knowledge in culture-nature relationship, the individual testimonials here are configured as part of the collective history of these populations, because its orality enables offering space to these holders of knowledge, also contribute to the strengthening of its cultural identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artigo analisa o debate de médicos acerca do aborto, da virada do século XIX até os anos 1930, sobretudo na Academia Nacional de Medicina. Considerado um crime, o aborto era visto como algo que ameaçava o domínio dos maridos sobre as esposas e o controle dos atos médicos em relação ao corpo feminino. As parteiras, tidas como as divulgadoras das técnicas médicas de interrupção da gravidez, foram combatidas como grave ameaça à ordem de gênero constituída. Foram analisadas dez teses da Faculdade de Medicina do Rio de Janeiro, os boletins da Academia Nacional de Medicina e matérias publicadas nos jornais Correio da Manhã e O Globo.This article examines the debate among physicians over abortion, from the turn of the nineteenth century through to the 1930s, especially in the Academia Nacional de Medicina (National Academy of Medicine). Considered a crime, abortion was seen as something that threatened the dominance of husbands over wives and the control over medical practice in relation to the female body. Midwives, seen as the propagators of the techniques of medical termination of pregnancy, were opposed as a serious threat to the established gender order. Ten theses of the Faculdade de Medicina do Rio de Janeiro were analyzed, as well as the bulletins of the Academia Nacional de Medicina and articles published in the Correio da Manhã and O Globo newspapers.

Discute as ações de treinamento e controle das parteiras curiosas promovidas pelo Serviço Especial de Saúde Pública, confiadas aos programas de higiene pré-natal e da criança, implantados entre as décadas de 1940 e 1960. Para os sanitaristas, o treinamento e controle das parteiras curiosas atuantes nas comunidades rurais brasileiras eram importantes para o sucesso do projeto de implantação de serviços sanitários locais de assistência materno-infantil. Ao atuar diretamente junto às parteiras curiosas, pretendia-se não somente lhes impor rigorosos padrões higiênicos na realização de partos e nos cuidados com os recém-nascidos, mas, sobretudo, recorrer a sua influência e seu prestígio naquelas comunidades para popularizar ações de saneamento.The article addresses an endeavor by Serviço Especial de Saúde Pública (Sesp) to train folk midwives who worked in rural communities and to exercise control over these women's activities. The task was entrusted to the agency's prenatal and child hygiene programs, established between the 1940s and 1960s. The agency believed this training and control initiative would be of major importance in helping ensure the success of its project to establish local sanitary services offering mother-child assistance. The goal of working directly with the folk midwives was not only to force them to employ strict hygiene standards when delivering and caring for newborns but especially to use their influence and prestige within these communities to convince the general population to adopt good health practices.

OBJETIVO: Analizar los discursos de las matronas de atención primaria sobre el acceso y la utilización del Programa Preventivo de Cáncer de Cérvix. PROCEDIMIENTOS METODOLÓGICOS: Se desarrolló un estudio cualitativo en un área de baja densidad poblacional, Segovia, España, que cuenta con un alto porcentaje de población rural, entre 2008 y 2009. Se utilizó como técnica la entrevista semi-estructurada. Se realizaron diez entrevistas a las matronas de atención primaria de las 16 Zonas Básicas de Salud. El análisis de la información se basó en las propuestas de la Teoría Fundamentada. ANÁLISIS DE RESULTADOS: El acceso y utilización del Programa Preventivo de Cáncer de Cérvix se relaciona con la utilización de la consulta de la matrona por las mujeres, sus vivencias de los exámenes de citología vaginal y su percepción de riesgo a padecer un cáncer de cuello uterino. La barrera percibida es la distancia para acceder a la consulta de la matrona, y para las mujeres inmigrantes, además son barreras la posibilidad de no disponer de tarjeta sanitaria y desconocer la existencia del Programa. La exclusión social es también considerada una barrera de acceso y utilización. Se identificó como el principal facilitador, la recomendación de los médicos de familia de participar en el Programa. CONCLUSIONES: Las matronas perciben desigualdades de acceso y utilización del Programa Preventivo de Cáncer de Cérvix que se relacionan tanto con características individuales de las mujeres, como con el medio geográfico donde viven y con la propia estructura del Programa. Hay situaciones de vulneración de la equidad en colectivos de mujeres poco representadas a nivel encuestal, como las mujeres inmigrantes y las que residen en zonas rurales.OBJETIVO: Analisar os discursos das parteiras atuantes na atenção primária sobre o acesso e utilização do Programa Preventivo de Câncer Cervical. PROCEDIMENTOS METODOLÓGICOS: Estudo qualitativo realizado em Segóvia, em uma área de baixa densidade populacional na Espanha, com alta proporção de populações rurais e imigrantes, de 2008 a 2009. Utilizou-se a entrevista semi-estruturada para coleta de informações. Foram entrevistadas dez parteiras das 16 Zonas Básicas de Saúde. A análise da informação baseou-se nas propostas da Teoria Fundamentada. ANÁLISE DOS RESULTADOS: O acesso e utilização do Programa Preventivo de Câncer Cervical relacionam-se a mulheres atendidas pela parteira, as vivências das mulheres em relação os resultados do exame de citologia vaginal e sua percepção de risco de sofrer um câncer de colo uterino. A barreira percebida é a distância para comparecer à consulta com a parteira. Para as mulheres imigrantes há ainda a possibilidade de não dispor de carteira de saúde e desconhecer o programa. A exclusão social também está relacionada a barreiras de acesso e utilização. O principal facilitador identificado foi o aconselhamento dos médicos de família para participar do programa. CONCLUSÕES: As parteiras percebem desigualdades de acesso e utilização do Programa Preventivo de Câncer Cervical que se relacionam tanto com características individuais das mulheres como com o meio geográfico em que vivem e com a própria estrutura do Programa. Há situações de vulnerabilidade da eqüidade de grupos de mulheres pouco representadas em nível de inquéritos populacionais, como as imigrantes e as que moram em zonas rurais.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the discourses of primary care midwives on access to and utilization of the Cervical Cancer Prevention Program. METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted in an area of low population density with a high proportion of rural population in Segovia, Spain, between 2008 and 2009. Semi-structured interviews were carried out. Ten primary care midwives were interviewed covering the 16 basic health districts of the city. Data analysis was based on grounded theory methodology. RESULTS: Access to and utilization of the Cervical Cancer Prevention Program was associated with attendance to midwife visits, women's experiences with cervical smears and their perception of risk of cervical cancer. Geographic distance to the health center, difficult access to immigrant women who have no health insurance, and being unaware of the program offered are some of the perceived barriers. Social exclusion is also perceived as a barrier of access to and utilization of the program. The recommendation to participate in the program made by the primary care physician was identified as the main facilitator. CONCLUSIONS: The midwives perceived inequalities in access to and utilization of the Cervical Cancer Prevention Program that are associated to individual characteristics of women, and contextual characteristics such as the geographical environment where they live and Program's infrastructure. There is inequality of access to care of underrepresented groups of women such as immigrant women and those residing in rural areas.

The authors briefly analyze the situation of maternal health care in Brazil and, based on their findings, they comment that there have been transformations in the health care model for women and families and propose some measures, including recovery of the work of the obstetric nurse or midwife (obstetriz, in Portuguese). They comment that women care tendencies in the delivery process presuppose incorporation of the paradigm of improving the physiology of valuing women's experience, the approach to the family, health advice that prioritizes prevention, education and relationships, without ignoring safety. They appoint that building this health care model, which includes the work of the midwife, may improve maternal health indicators.Los autores hacen un breve análisis de la situación del cuidado de la salud materna en Brasil, y con base en sus hallazgos, sugieren transformar el modelo de atención a la mujer y a sus familiares; proponen algunas medidas que incluyen la inserción del trabajo de la enfermera obstétrica y de la obstetra en el contexto actual. Comentan sobre la tendencia actual del cuidado materno en el proceso del nacimiento, el cual presupone la incorporación del paradigma que favorece la fisiología y la valorización de la experiencia femenina, el abordaje centrado en la familia con énfasis en la prevención, educación y relación interpersonal sin dejar de lado la seguridad. Consideran que el modelo del cuidado de la salud que incluye el trabajo de la obstetra, puede mejorar los indicadores de salud materna.Os autores fazem uma breve análise da situação do cuidado a saúde materna no Brasil, e com base nesses dados, apontam as transformações no modelo de assistência à mulher e às famílias e propõem algumas medidas, as quais inclui a inserção do trabalho da enfermeira obstétrica ou obstetriz no contexto atual. Comentam que a tendência atual do processo de nascimento pressupõe a incorporação do paradigma que favorece a fisiologia e a valorização da experiência feminina, a abordagem centrada na família, com ênfase na prevenção, educação e relacionamento interpessoal, sem deixar de lado a segurança. Consideram que o modelo de cuidado à saúde, que inclui o trabalho da obstetriz, pode melhorar os indicadores de saúde materna.

Para la recolección y análisis de la información se utilizaron la Etnografía focalizada y la técnica de Spradley y la teoría de la diversidad y la universalidad de los cuidados culturales de Leininger se tomó como referente teórico. Su objetivo fue describir los cuidados que brindaban las parteras tradicionales a partir de creencias y prácticas en las mujeres durante el parto en la zona rural de la región del valle del río Cimitarra, Magdalena Medio. El estudio se desarrolló en el valle del río Cimitarra y la ciudad de Barrancabermeja. Participaron siete parteras tradicionales y se recolectaron los datos mediante entrevista etnográfica y observación participante entre los años 2007 y 2008. El tema central es " El saber de la partera tradicional del valle del río Cimitarra: cuidando la vida" y cinco dominios culturales: alistarse para la atención del mismo, identificar el momento del parto, ayudar a la mujer a parir, proteger al bebé después del nacimiento y proteger a la mujer después del nacimiento. Cuidar la vida se relaciona con la necesidad de " sobrevivir" a pesar de la guerra, la violencia y el abandono estatal. Las acciones de cuidado se fundan en creencias culturales, la cotidianidad del trabajo del campo, la tradición oral y la invocación divina en medio del complejo contexto ambiental, la incertidumbre del conocmiento y el miedo a problemas legales.A compilação e a análise da informação estiveram baseadas no uso de etnografia focalizada e da técnica de Spradley. A teoria da diversidade e universalidade dos cuidados culturais de Leininger tomou-se como marco teórico. O objetivo do levantamento era descrever os cuidados providenciados por parteiras tradicionais, a partir das crenças e práticas, às mulheres durante opartona zona rural da região do vale do rio Cimitarra Magdalena Médio. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no vale do Rio Cimitarra e na cidade de Barrancabermeja. O estudo inclui a participação de sete parteiras tradicionais. A compilação dos dados foi realizada através de entrevistas etnográficas e de observação participante entre os anos 2007 e 2008. Para analisar a informação, utilizou-se a técnica de Spradley. Emerge como tema central " O saber da parteira tradicional do vale do Rio Cimitarra: cuidando a vida" e cinco domínios culturais: preparação para a atenção do parto, identificação do momento do parto, ajudar à mulher no parto, cuidado do bebê depois do nascimento e cuidado da mulher depois do nascimento. O cuidado da vida está relacionado com a necessidade de " sobreviver" apesar da guerra, a violência e o abandono estatal. As ações de cuidado se suportam nas crenças culturais, a cotidianidade do trabalho de campo, a tradição oral e a invocação divina em médio do complexo contexto ambiental, a incerteza do conhecimento e o medo a problemas legais.Focalized ethnography and Spradley's technique were used to collect and analyze information. Diversity and universality stated in Leninger's study of culture were regarded as a theoretical reference. The objective was to describe care given by traditional midwives, using their traditional beliefs and practices, on women during delivery in the rural area of the Cimitarra river valley, Mid Magdalena river basin. It took place in the Cimitarra River and in the town Barrancabermeja, where seven traditional midwives participated. Data was collected using ethnographic interview and participative observation during 2007 and 2008. Spradley's technique was used for the analysis of the information. " Traditional midwifery knowledge in the Cimitarra River Valley. Taking care of life" emerges as a core subject, plus it contains five separate cultural domains: preparation for birth, identify the moment of birth, assist the woman during delivery, the health of the mother and child after delivery. General health care is connected to the need to " survive" despite war, violence and state abandonment. In this region, health care practices are based on cultural and religious beliefs, daily rural work and oral traditions and invoking religious beliefs; These factors are all set amidst the complex environmental context, in which there is uncertainty due to lack of knowledge and fear of potential legal issues.

Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa realizada no Distrito Federal e região do Entorno do DF com o objetivo de identificar as representações sociais das parteiras tradicionais acerca do cuidado. Parte-se do pressuposto de que a base epistemológica da produção sobre o cuidado está ancorada em saberes científicos e também em outros saberes e práticas advindos do conhecimento do senso comum, dentre os quais se situa o trabalho das parteiras tradicionais. A partir dos dados colhidos acerca das características da prática, do nível de envolvimento com o fazer, da forma de construção do saber/fazer e das possibilidades de articulação da prática com outros saberes buscou-se identificar aspectos significativos da temática cuidado na visão das parteiras.Este artículo presenta una investigación llevado a través del Distrito federal y los alrededores del DF con el objetivo de identificar las representaciones sociales de las parteras tradicionales acerca del cuidado. El punto de partida es que la base epistemológica de la producción sobre el cuidado está anclada en el conocimiento científico y también en otros conocimientos y en las prácticas del conocimiento del senso común, entre los cuales está el trabajo de las parteras tradicionales. A partir de los datos recogidos sobre las características del trabajo práctico, el nivel de la implicación, la acción práctica, la forma de construcción del saber/hacer y las posibilidades de articular la acción práctica con otros saberes, se buscó identificar aspectos significativos de la temática el cuidado en la visión de las parteras tradicionales.This article presents a research carried through in Distrito Federal and surroundings with the objective to identify the social representations of the traditional midwives regarding the care. It's based on the starting point that the epistemological basis of the production about the care is anchored in scientific knowledge and also in different kinds of knowledge and practices originated from the knowledge of the common sense, amongst which it is the work of the traditional midwives. Considering the collected data in relation to the characteristics of the practice, the level of involvement with the practice, the way of construction of knowledge and practice and the possibilities of jointing practice with other kinds of knowledge, the aim was to identify significant aspects of the thematic care according to traditional midwives' vision.

Através dos relatos orais, mediante as lembranças do passado de descendentes de antigos quilombolas, o presente artigo analisa as práticas cotidianas de parteiras, curandeiras e suas descendentes na região do Tocantins, no Pará - norte da Amazônia. Ao lado da assistência ao parto, essas mulheres desempenharam uma série de atividades relacionadas aos processos de curas e manipulação de plantas medicinais, bem como trabalhos para sobrevivência, muitos deles nem sempre considerados em outras regiões e culturas como sendo atividades compatíveis com o sexo feminino. Este artigo contribui, assim, para repensar a importância do estudo das práticas cotidianas para o conhecimento dos diferentes papéis exercidos por mulheres e homens, e também para repensar como se dá a relação entre gêneros, inclusive as formas de dominação em determinada sociedade.Through the oral reporting of memories of the descendants of old "quilombadas", the present article analyzes the daily practices of midwives, healers and their descendants in the region of Tocantins, in Pará - north of the Amazon. Beside the attendance to childbirth, those women carried out a series of activities related to the processes of cures and manipulation of medicinal plants, as well as tasks for survival, many of them not always considered in other areas and cultures as being compatible with activities of the feminine sex. This article thus contributes to rethinking the importance of the study of daily practices for the knowledge of the different roles played by women and men in gender relations, including forms of domination in a specific society.

This paper seeks to show how the changing paradigm of birth, which occurred at the end of the eighteenth century, contributed to the appearance and development of a new profession, that of the professional midwife. The birth of this profession occurred in a state-building context. Haunted by the fear of depopulation, the Peruvian Enlightenment elite put an end to the practices of traditional birth attendants and provided better support to women in childbirth. In 1826, a Maternité in the Parisian model was created; it combined a birth clinic and a school of midwifery. The professional midwifes, who worked with upper class women as well as in the remote areas of the country acquired a special status which widened and sometimes questioned the traditional female sphere of action. They were the first women to make their entrance in the university, to work in hospitals and as independent midwives, and to testify in criminal courts. Although they were not organized in corporations, skilled Peruvian midwives gradually managed to step into the public sphere through unexpected venues which increased their agency.

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The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended that a more humanized pattern of care delivery is to be followed. In Spain, a strategy was launched to promote low intervention of the midwife. Objectives: to understand how, in light of this new reality, the professionals involved in health care provided to women in labor had adapted to the new trend in midwifery and how these women valued this type of care. Methods: observational descriptive study whose subjects are women who have given birth and professionals involved in care delivery at the Hospital San Juan de la Cruz de Úbeda (Spain). We used a specifically designed questionnaire and conducted a descriptive analysis of data through absolute frequency, relative, mean and standard deviation. Results the majority of the professionals are happy, motivated and have adapted to the new midwifery practices. The women are satisfied with the care received during labor. Conclusion: the new model of care during childbirth has been adopted by health professionals, which means that women are satisfied with good obstetric and neonatal outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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