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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior The experiment was conducted with the objective of evaluating the nutrients intake, weight gain, economic viability (chapter I), ingestive behavior (chapter II) and carcass and non carcass components characteristics (chapter III) of Corriedale lambs and hoggets submitted to high concentrate diets based on corn or sorghum grain. Thirty- two Corriedale ovines, being 16 lambs (milk teeth) and 16 hoggets (two teeth), male and castrated were used. The animals were divided into: 8 lambs fed with corn high concentrate diet; 8 lambs fed with sorghum high concentrate diet; 8 hoggets fed with corn high concentrate diet and 8 hoggets fed with sorghum high concentrate diet. The diets were constituted by white oat hay (Avena sativa), corn (Zea mays) or sorghum grain (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), supplied as whole grain, soybean meal (Glycine Max), limestone, sodium bicarbonate and monensin. No interaction between animal category and type of tested grain was observed for any of the analyzed variables. The lambs presented greater (P≤0.05) dry matter (DMI) (%LW and g/kg LW0,75), crude protein (CPI) (kg/day, % do LW and g/kg LW0,75), ether extract (EEI) (% of LW), neutral detergent fiber (NDFI), acid detergent fiber (ADFI) (% of LW and g/kg LW0,75), total digestible nutrients (TDNI) (% of LW) intake, daily average gain (DAG), conformation (CONF) and feed conversion (FC), and also presented better economic results when compared to the hoggets. Moreover, the lambs presented a longer total chewing time (min/day and %), other activities (min/day and %), number of meals per day, fasting losses (FL) and percentage of external and internal organs. On the other hand, the ether extract (EEI), total carbohydrates (TCI) and non structural carbohydrates (NSCI) intake, expressed in kg/day, the initial live weight (ILW), final live weight (FLW), live weight at slaughter (LWS), idle time (min/day and %), time spent per meal, the DM or NDF weight ingested per meal, hot carcass weight (HCW), cold carcass weight (CCW), hot carcass yield (HCY), cold carcass yield (CCY), carcass compactness index (CCI), subjective color (SC), rib eye area (REA) and neck (NEC), palette (PAL), sidecut (SCUT) and leg (LEG) weight were superior (P≤0,05) in the hoggets category. It was verified a higher (P≤0.05) EEI (kg/day, % do LW and g/kg LW0,75), longer feeding and total chewing time (min/day and %) and greater SCUT (%), as well as lower (P≤0,05) NDFI (% of LW) and ADFI (kg/day, % do LW and g/kg LW0,75), for the animals fed with high concentrate diet based in corn grain. The idle time (min/day and %), feeding efficiency (g DM/h and g NDF/h), HCY, CCY and SC were greater in the lambs fed with diets based on sorghum grain. The productive indices presnted by lambs were better than thoses presented by hoggets. For corn and sorghum grain test The results showed influence of the bromatological composition of the grains. O experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o consumo de nutrientes, o ganho de peso, a viabilidade econômica (capitulo I), o comportamento ingestivo (capitulo II) e as características da carcaça e dos componentes não carcaça (capitulo III) de cordeiros e borregos da raça Corriedale submetidos à dietas de alto concentrado a base de grão de milho ou de grão de sorgo. Foram utilizados 32 ovinos da raça Corriedale, sendo 16 cordeiros (dentes de leite) e 16 borregos (2 dentes), machos castrados. Os animais foram divididos em: 8 cordeiros alimentados com dieta de alto concentrado de milho; 8 cordeiros alimentados com dieta de alto concentrado de sorgo; 8 borregos alimentados com dieta de alto concentrado de milho e 8 borregos alimentados com dieta de alto concentrado de sorgo. As dietas foram constituídas de feno de aveia branca (Avena sativa), grão de milho (Zea mays) ou de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), fornecidos inteiros, farelo de soja (Glycine Max), calcário calcítico, bicarbonato de sódio e monensina. Não foi verificado interação entre categoria animal e tipo de grão testado para nenhuma das variáveis analisadas. Os cordeiros apresentaram os consumos de matéria seca (CMS) (% do PV e g/kg PV0,75), proteína bruta (CPB) (kg/dia, % do PV e g/kg PV0,75), extrato etéreo (CEE) (% do PV), fibra em detergente neutro (CFDN), fibra em detergente ácido (CFDA) (% do PV e g/kg PV0,75), nutrientes digestíveis totais (CNDT) (% do PV), ganho de peso diário (GMD), conformação (CONF), conversão alimentar (CA) superiores (P≤0,05) e melhores resultados econômicos quando comparados aos borregos. Além disso, tiveram maior tempo de mastigação total (min/dia e %), outras atividades (min/dia e %), número de refeições por dia, perdas por jejum (PPJ) e porcentagens de órgãos externos e de órgãos internos. Por outro lado, os consumos de extrato etéreo (CEE), carboidratos totais (CCHT) e de carboidratos não estruturais (CCNE), expressos em kg/dia, o peso vivo inicial (PVIn), peso vivo final (PVF), o peso vivo ao abate (PVA), o tempo de ócio (min/dia e %), tempo despendido por refeição, os pesos de MS ou de FDN ingeridos por refeição, o peso de carcaça quente (PCQ), peso de carcaça fria (PCF), rendimento de carcaça quente (RCQ), rendimento de carcaça fria (RCF), índice de compacidade da carcaça (ICC), cor subjetiva (COR), área de olho de lombo (AOL) e os pesos de pescoço (PESC), paleta (PAL), costilhar (COST) e perna (PERN) foram superiores (P≤0,05) na categoria dos borregos. Quanto aos grãos avaliados, verificou-se maior (P≤0,05) CEE (kg/dia, % do PV e g/kg PV0,75), tempos de alimentação e de mastigação total (min/dia e %) e COST (%), bem como menor (P≤0,05) CFDN (% do PV) e CFDA (kg/dia, % do PV e g/kg PV0,75), para os animais alimentados com dieta de alto concentrado a base de grão de milho. Já o tempo em ócio (min/dia e %), a eficiência de alimentação (g MS/h e g FDN/h), RCQ, RCF e COR, foram maiores nos cordeiros alimentados com dietas à base de grão de sorgo. Os cordeiros apresentam resultados melhores para índices produtivos em comparação ao borrego. Para os grãos testados, milho e sorgo, os resultados são influenciados conforme a sua composição bromatológica.

Infections by protozoa of the Sarcocystidae family have worldwide distribution and are common in ruminants, causing important economic losses. This study evaluated Sarcocystis spp., Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infections in sheep from Southwest region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Myocardium samples of 80 sheep raised on extensive system were collected. Tissue cysts were detected by direct examination and the presence of the agents was also confirmed by PCR. Macroscopic evaluation did not reveal changes, but direct microscopic examination showed cysts in 76.2% (61/80) of samples and all cysts were morphologically similar with Sarcocystis tenella or Sarcocystis arieticanis. PCR detected Sarcocystis spp. DNA in 21.2% (17/80) of samples tested and T. gondii DNA in 15% (12/80). In 6.2% (5/80) DNA of both protozoan were detected. Presence of N. caninum nucleic acids was not observed in the samples tested. All PCR-positive samples (23.7% - 19/80) were also positive by direct examination (microscopic cysts). Thus, a high occurrence of microscopic tissue cysts in sheep from the Southwest region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul was detected. Although PCR did not show a good sensitivity to identify the causative agents of these cysts, was possible to verify the presence of Sarcocystis spp. and T. gondii in cardiac muscle samples of the ovine. This may be a risk factor for animal and human contamination, not only through consumption, but also through handling the carcasses of these animals. Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis is a neurologic disease of horses, most often caused by the Sarcocystis neurona. However, the role of horses in the life cycle this parasite is not completely understood. This study attempts to elucidate the role of horses as intermediate hosts in S. neurona cycle, through occurrence of cysts in these animals and determine the antibodies frequency for Sarcocystis spp., Neospora spp. and T. gondii in slaughtered horses. Were collected 197 serum and heart samples of equines. None of the myocardium samples were detected tissue cysts, nucleic acids or histopathological changes associated to Sarcocystis spp. In antibodies detection, 146 (74.1%) serum samples were positive for studied protozoa. Antibodies against Sarcocystis spp. were detected in 36% (71/197), to Neospora spp. in 39.1% (77/197) and to T. gondii in 47,2% (93/197). Thus, the failure in detect tissue cysts, associated with antibodies anti-Sarcocystis spp. detection, increases the role of horses as accidental hosts in the cycle this protozoan, declining your participation in the epidemiology of Sarcocystis infection. As infecções causadas por protozoários da família Sarcocystidae têm distribuição mundial e são comuns em ruminantes, causando perdas econômicas importantes. Este estudo avaliou infecções de Sarcocystis spp., Toxoplasma gondii e Neospora caninum em ovinos da região sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram coletadas amostras de miocárdio de 80 ovelhas criadas em sistema extensivo. Cistos de tecido foram detectados por exame direto e a presença dos agentes também foi confirmada por PCR. A avaliação macroscópica não revelou alterações, mas o exame microscópico direto mostrou cistos em 76,2% (61/80) das amostras e todos os cistos eram morfologicamente semelhantes a Sarcocystis tenella ou Sarcocystis arieticanis. A PCR detectou DNA de Sarcocystis spp. em 21,2% (17/80) das amostras testadas e DNA de T. gondii em 15% (12/80). Em 6,2% (5/80) foram detectados DNA de ambas os protozoários. Todas as amostras de PCR positivas (23,7% - 19/80) também foram positivas pelo exame direto (cistos microscópicos). Assim, uma alta ocorrência de cistos teciduais microscópicos em ovinos da região do sudoeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul foi detectada. Apesar de o PCR não ter mostrado boa sensibilidade para identificar os agentes causadores destes cistos, foi possível verificar a presença de Sarcocystis spp. e T. gondii em amostras do músculo cardíaco de ovinos. Isso pode ser um fator de risco para animais e contaminação humana, não só através do consumo, mas também através de manipulação das carcaças desses animais. A Mieloencefalite Equina por Protozoário (MEP) é uma enfermidade neurológica que acomete equinos e possui como principal agente o protozoário Sarcocystis neurona. Porém o papel dos equinos no ciclo deste protozoário não está completamente esclarecido. O objetivo deste trabalho foi elucidar o papel dos equinos como hospedeiros intermediários no ciclo do protozoário S. neurona, através da ocorrência de cistos nestes animais e determinar a frequência de detecção de anticorpos anti- Sarcocystis spp., Neospora spp. e T. gondii em equinos abatidos em frigorífico no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram coletadas 197 amostras de soro e coração de equinos. Das amostras pesquisadas, não houve detecção de cistos, ácidos nucléicos ou alterações histopatológicas relacionadas ao Sarcocystis spp. Relacionado com a detecção de anticorpos, 146 (74,1%) foram positivos para pelo menos um dos protozoários pesquisados. Anticorpos para Sarcocystis spp. foram encontrados em 36% (71/197), para Neospora spp. em 39,1% (77/197) e para T. gondii em 47,2% (93/197). Assim a não detecção de cistos teciduais, associado com a detecção de anticorpos anti-Sarcocystis spp., reforça a participação dos equinos como hospedeiros acidentais no ciclo deste protozoário, minimizando a participação destes animais na epidemiologia da infecção por Sarcocystis spp.

Submitted by (lucia.rodrigues@ufrpe.br) on 2017-02-09T14:51:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Simonal Cardoso da Silva.pdf: 1782108 bytes, checksum: 537b53e4898e0301e7f2806bec49b650 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-09T14:51:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Simonal Cardoso da Silva.pdf: 1782108 bytes, checksum: 537b53e4898e0301e7f2806bec49b650 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-25 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES This study aims to evaluate the energy, protein and mineral metabolism in Santa Inês ewes, both healthy and with subclinical mastitis, followed up during late gestation and lactation periods. Ewes subjected to the same semi-intensive nursing system were followed up. The animals were evaluated according to the following stages: 10 days before parturition (dbp) and 15 days postpartum (dpp), 30 (dpp), 60 (dpp), and 90 (dpp). Blood metabolites were evaluated starting from the stage previous to parturition and whey metabolites were evaluated in the subsequent stages. A screening of the ewes followed up in this study (12 healthy and 18 with subclinical mastitis) was performed after a clinical and bacteriological examination. During lactation, maintaining the same screening criteria, 11 healthy and 20 infected mammary glands were selected; the milk for whey extraction was collected from these glands. Energy profile metabolites (non-esterified fatty acids [NEFAs], ß-hydroxybutyrate [BHB], fructosamine, cholesterol and triglycerides), protein profile (total protein, albumin, urea and creatinine) and mineral profile (iron, copper, zinc, magnesium, total calcium, ionized calcium, sodium, and potassium) were measured in the blood serum. Calcium, sodium and potassium ions, as well as NEFAs and BHB were measured in the whey. Blood biochemistry revealed an influence (P

Objetivou-se descrever os achados ultrassonográficos nos testículos e epidídimos de carneiros jovens. Análises de desenvolvimento ponderal, mensurações das características biométricas testiculares e exames ultrassonográficos foram realizados dos 140 aos 280 dias de idade, a cada 28 dias. O parênquima testicular apresentou ecogenicidade homogênea (baixa a moderada) que aumentou com a idade. A ecogenicidade e a espessura do mediastino aumentaram com a idade, e a cauda do epidídimo apresentou aspecto hipoecoico em relação ao parênquima testicular. Foram observadas calcificações de grau leve nos testículos de cinco cordeiros. Conclui-se que o exame ultrassonográfico contribui para o monitoramento dos testículos e epidídimos de carneiros. This study aimed to describe ultrasonographic findings in the testis and epididymis of young sheep. Evaluations of the development of weight, measurements of biometric characteristics of the tests and ultrasound examinations of the tests and epididymis were performed from 140 to 280 days of age, each 28 days. The testicular parenchyma showed homogeneous echogenicity (low to moderate) and increased with the age. The mediastinum echogenicity and thickness increased with age and the epididymis tail showed hypoechoic appearance in relation to the testicular parenchyma. Mild calcification was observed in the testis parenchyma of five lambs. In conclusion, ultrasonographic exams help to monitor testes and epididymis of young hair rams.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-15T20:31:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ParmenedesDB_DISSERT.pdf: 4637846 bytes, checksum: 67d41df07b3b4f4e02d12ff7e07e99c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-30 Trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma vivax, is a debilitating and often fatal disease in domestic animals, which causes economic losses to cause growth retardation, abortion, decreased productivity, high costs of treatment and even death of the severely affected animals. This study aims avaluate the changes caused by T. vivax on performance and carcass characteristics of sheep, with no racial pattern defined experimentally infected in Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. We used 10 ovines, male, without defined racial standard (WDRS), adults of average weight 20 kg, during the finishing stage, arranged in two treatments: control group and the group infected with strain of T. vivax originating from the outbreak of Paraíba with inoculum of 1,3 x 105 viable tripomastigostas. The animals were kept in two in sheds covered for 70 days in the same management conditions and feeding. Clinical symptoms, temperature and parasitemia were monitored daily. Weekly blood tests were performed, serum biochemistry, evaluation of feed intake and weight measurements, and calculation of feed efficiency ratio and feed every 15 days. At the end of the experiment, was the sacrifice of animals for evaluation of performance and carcass traits. There was a negative effect of T. vivax in feed conversion and feed efficiency ratio (P 0.05) in total feed consumed weekly. Only the beef ribs and ham cuts showed a significant difference (P 0,05) no total de ração consumida semanalmente. Somente os cortes cárneos costilhar e pernil mostraram diferença significativa (P

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:24:33Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:41:13Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-78149421826.pdf: 1381462 bytes, checksum: de9ad9d0b3960645486c36dca048dc3c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:24:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-12-01 The ELISA technique was used to evaluate and compare young ovine humoral immune response during crotalic antiserum production. Animals were clinically evaluated throughout this process, and the neutralizing capacity of antisera raised against natural (NV) and Cobalt-60 irradiated (IrV) venoms of Crotalus durissus terrificus (C.d.t.) was verified by means of in vitro challenges. Three groups of six animals each were used: G1 received NV; G2 was inoculated with IrV; and G3 was used as control. Animals received six immunizations during 84 days at 14-day intervals. ELISA of antibody profile showed significant difference (p

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-02-12Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:10:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 anderlini_rp_me_botfm.pdf: 335403 bytes, checksum: 9368ef42c305b23ce4f7419eafcd9557 (MD5) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) A administração de soros heterólogos de origem eqüina constitui o único tratamento para os acidentes ofídicos, porém estes são capazes de induzir reações de hipersensibilidade. Novos processos de hiperimunização em animais alternativos vêm sendo desenvolvidos, juntamente à ferramentas de destoxificação dos venenos e novas alternativas de adjuvantes. No presente trabalho, foi utilizado veneno de Crotalus durissus terrificus nativo (VN) e irradiado com Co60 (VIr), em quatro diferentes protocolos de hiperimunização, para uma avaliação quinzenal do perfil imunológico dos grupos de ovinos pela técnica de ELISA. Os animais foram avaliados clinicamente todos os dias e pesados a cada 14 dias. Ao final, foram inspecionados em frigorífico para aprovação de consumo e os rins, analisados histologicamente. Os soros obtidos foram avaliados quanto à capacidade de neutralização por meio de testes “in vitro”. O momento quatro (M4) apresentou o maior nível de titulação nos quatro grupos, porém o G1, inoculado com VN associado ao adjuvante incompleto de Freund (AIF), apresentou o maior nível quando comparados com os demais grupos, inoculados com VN associado à sílica nanoestruturada SBA-15 (G2), VIrr associado ao AIF (G3) e VIrr associado a SBA-15. Não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos em relação ao ganho de peso. Apenas um animal apresentou lesão no local de aplicação. Todos as carcaças obtiveram um carimbo de aprovação para consumo do Serviço de Inpeção Federa (SIF)l. Não houve alterações histológicas renais características de envenenamento crotálico. Os soros produzidos pelos quatro grupos foram capazes de neutralizar o efeito letal do veneno de Crotalus durissus terrificus, observados pelos testes de neutralização. O protocolo convencional de imunização utilizado no grupo um (G1) mostrou-se mais eficiente na neutralização do efeito letal quando comparados com os demais protocolos. The administration of heterologous antivenoms raised in horses is considered the only treatment for envenoming by venomous animals. However, it causes hypersensitivity reactions. New hyperimmunization processes in alternatives animals have been developed, associated to detoxication of venoms an new alternatives of adjuvants. In the present study it was used the natural (NV) and Co- 60-irradiated (IrrV) Crotalus durissus terrificus venom, in four differents protocols for a evaluation every fifteen days of the immunological response of the four ovine groups by the ELISA test. The clinical evaluation of the animals was performed and the weigth obteined every fourteen days, submited to a frigorific inspection and histological kidneys analysis. The neutralization capacity of the serum produced was evaluated in “in vitro” test. The fourth moment presented the major titles for all groups. However, the first group (G1), inoculated with NV associated with Freund’s incomplet adjuvant (FIA) and aluminiun hidroxide presented the major titles when compared with the other ones, inoculated with NV associated to SBA-15 (G2), IrrV associated with FIA (G3) and IrrV associated with SBA-15 (G4). There was no estatistic difference between the groups concerning the weigth analysis. Only one animal presented lesion at the inoculation site. All the carcass obtained the consume aprovation stamp of the Federal Inspection Service (FIS). There was no kidney lesions on histological analysis. The four serum produced were able to neutralize the letal effect of Crotalus durissus terrificus venom, showed by the neutralization test. The convencional immunization protocol used for the first group (G1) showed more efficient neutralization capacity when compared with the others groups.

O artigo analisa as Câmaras Setoriais como instrumento viável para obtenção de resultados positivos que contribuam para o desenvolvimento de uma cadeia produtiva. O estudo do caso da Câmara Setorial de Caprinos e Ovinos do Estado de São Paulo se mostrou oportuno para compreender o processo de agilização organizacional que resultou em respostas favoráveis ao segmento. A análise demonstra que determinadas dinâmicas de governança de apoio ao poder público podem contribuir significativamente na implantação de políticas benéficas ou mesmo no redirecionamento daquelas que não são específicas às necessidades de um determinado setor. A abordagem teórica da Nova Economia Institucional contribui nesta análise.----------------------------------------------The article analyzes Sectorial Chambers as a viable instrument to obtain positive results that contribute to a productive chain development. The study of the Sectorial Caprines and Ovines Chamber of the State of São Paulo case was opportune to understand the organization process fastening that resulted in favorable replies to the segment. The analysis demonstrate that some governance dynamics of public authority can significantly contribute in implantation of advantageous policies or even to give a new direction for those that are not specific to determined sector necessities The theoretical approach of the New Institutional Economy contributes in the analysis of a productive chain through the Sectorial Chamber.