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El envase de un producto tiene un papel muy importante, debido a que debe llamar la atención, diferenciar la marca y el producto de la competencia, transmitir los valores de la marca reflejando las características del producto y, sobre todo, contener el producto. En este sentido, el tamaño y el color son determinantes en las percepciones del volumen de los consumidores. Con el objetivo de realizar una aproximación a la importancia de la forma y el color sobre las percep­ciones de volumen en los consumidores, se realizó un experimento basado en una encuesta online para medir las percepciones de volumen entre pares de envases donde la única diferencia era el tamaño, en unos casos, y el color, en otros, así como la disposición a pagar los envases ecológicos por parte del consumidor. Los principales resultados del estudio muestran que reducciones del volumen en un 5% no son percibidas, especialmente si la reducción es en altura, y que los envases de colores oscuros como verde o marrón parecen contener más producto. Por último, se obtiene un elevado nivel de preferencia del envase ecológico que aumenta si este, además, es más económico que el tradicional.

O Carcinoma Basocelular é a neoplasia cutânea mais frequente. Os autores descrevem uma técnica realizada unicamente num tempo operatório para correção de defeitos na asa do nariz após excisão tumoral. Esta técnica simples permite a correção cirúrgica de defeitos nesta localização possibilitando a reconstrução da anatomia local e a preservação das unidades cosméticas, sem a necessidade de enxertoBasal Cell Carcinoma is the most common skin cancer. We describe a single-staged technique for correction of nasal ala defect after the excision of a basal cell carcinoma. This technique allows correction of surgical defects of the ala rebuilding the original anatomy, maintaining cosmetic units, without need for a graft

O linfoma intravascular é uma forma muito rara de linfoma não Hodgkin de células grandes B. Caracteriza-se pela proliferação celular tumoral de linfócitos limitada aos pequenos vasos, particularmente nos capilares. Apresentamos o caso de uma doente de 54 anos, não fumadora, que foi admitida no nosso hospital para investigação de um quadro com quatro meses de evolução de febre, sudorese nocturna, emagrecimento não quantificado e dispneia progressiva. Ao exame objectivo apresentava-se febril, taquicárdica e polipneica. Analiticamente, destacava-se anemia, leucocitose e LDH elevada. Gasometria arterial - FiO2 1 l/m: PaO2-63,6 mm Hg. A telerradiografia de tórax revelava infiltado intersticial difuso. Foram excluídas todas as causas de febre de origem indeterminada. O diagnóstico foi realizado por biópsia pulmonar cirúrgica e foi prescrita terapêutica citostática combinada e rituximab com boa resposta clínica. Relatamos o caso pela dificuldade diagnóstica e pela boa resposta à terapêutica.Intravascular lymphoma is a very rare form of large B cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, characterised by the presence of lymphoma cells in the lumina of small vessels only, particulary in the capillaries. We report a 54 year-old female non-smoker, admitted to hospital for further examination of a four month long clinical condition involving high fever, night sweats, unqualified weight loss and progressive dyspnea. Patient’s temperature was 38.5 ºC, pulse 100/min and respiratory 22 cycles/min. Patient’s haemoglobin was 9.4g/dL, she had leukocytosis, elevated LDH and arterial blood gas analysis with moderate hypoxaemia (FiO2 1l/m: PaO2-63.6 mm Hg). Chest X-ray revealed diffuse interstitial changes. All the possible causes of unknown origin fever were excluded. Diagnosis was made through lung biopsy and treatment with combined chemotherapy and rituximab was prescribed leading to a 48 hours clinical remission. We present this case to show how difficult this diagnosis can be and how a good response to therapy is possible.

Resumo: O linfoma intravascular é uma forma muito rara de linfoma não Hodgkin de células grandes B. Caracte-riza-se pela proliferação celular tumoral de linfócitos limitada aos pequenos vasos, particularmente nos capilares. Apresentamos o caso de uma doente de 54 anos, não fumadora, que foi admitida no nosso hospital para investigação de um quadro com quatro meses de evolução de febre, sudorese nocturna, emagrecimento não quantificado e dispneia progressiva. Ao exame objectivo apresentava-se febril, taquicárdica e polipneica. Analiticamente, destacava-se anemia, leucocitose e LDH elevada. Gasometria arterial -FiO2 1 l/m: PaO2-63,6 mm Hg. A telerradiografia de tórax revelava infiltado intersticial difuso. Foram excluídas todas as causas de febre de origem indeterminada. O diagnóstico foi realizado por biópsia pulmonar cirúrgica e foi prescrita terapêutica citostática combinada e rituximab com boa resposta clínica. Relatamos o caso pela dificuldade diagnóstica e pela boa resposta à terapêutica.Rev Port Pneumol 2008; XIV (6): 857-868 Abstract: Intravascular lymphoma is a very rare form of large B cell non-Hodgkinâs lymphoma, characterised by the presence of lymphoma cells in the lumina of small vessels only, particulary in the capillaries. We report a 54 year-old female non-smoker, admitted to hospital for further examination of a four month long clinical condition involving high fever, night sweats, unqualified weight loss and progressive dyspnea. Patientâs temperature was 38.5 ºC, pulse 100/min and respiratory 22 cycles/min.Patientâs haemoglobin was 9.4 g/dL, she had leukocytosis, elevated LDH and arterial blood gas analysis with moderate hypoxaemia (FiO2 1 l/m: PaO2-63.6 mm Hg). Chest X-ray revealed diffuse interstitial changes. All the possible causes of unknown origin fever were excluded.Diagnosis was made through lung biopsy and treatment with combined chemotherapy and rituximab was prescribed leading to a 48 hours clinical remission. We present this case to show how difficult this diagnosis can be and how a good response to therapy is possible.Rev Port Pneumol 2008; XIV (6): 857-868 Palavras-chave: Linfoma, intravascular, febre, pulmonar, Key-words: Lymphoma, intravascular, fever, pulmonary

The objective of this study was to compare the risk of diabetes mellitus in the relatives of type 1 (defined as cases diagnosed before 40 years and beginning insulin less than two years later) and in those of type 2 diabetics, treated with insulin. A random sample of 303 patients was obtained from responders to a postal survey sent to all 2800 diabetics living in the Oporto self county and identified as users of insulin the injection pen. After selecting those who completed the questions for sex, age, dates of diabetes diagnosis and of first insulin prescription, we were left with 192 index cases. They provided data concerning sex; age, and presence of diabetes for 1370 relatives (parents, siblings, offspring and spouses). The risk of diabetes (unspecified type) in family members was significantly lower in relatives of type 1 diabetics (OR = 0.31, CI 95%:0.19-0.48, p < 0.0005). This family risk was lower when the index case was a male (OR = 0.24, CI 95%:0.12-0.47 vs OR = 0.39, CI 95%:0.21-0.74) or for female relatives (OR = 0.22, CI 95%:0.11-0.42 vs OR = 0.43, CI 95%:0.22.-0.82). After adjustment for confounders applying logistic regression to each family stratum, the risk remained significantly lower for parents (OR = 0.35, CI 95%:0.17-0.71) and siblings of type 1 diabetics compared to similar relatives of type 2 cases (OR = 0.84, CI 95%:0.06-10.6) but was not significantly different for the offspring (OR = 0.68, CI 95%:0.11-4.17) or the spouses (OR = 0.84, CI 95%:0.06-10.6).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)