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Objetivo: avaliar os efeitos da prática do Pole Dance Fitness em pessoas que possuem lombalgia. Materiais e métodos: foram realizados: anamnese, avaliação antropométrica e de composição corporal, preenchimento do IPAQ, da EVAD, e a realização simultânea do Teste de Kendall (1995) e análise eletromiográfica dos músculos reto abdominal (RA), oblíquo externo (OE) e paravertebrais lombares (PL). A flexibilidade de coluna vertebral e membros inferiores foi avaliada pelo teste de sentar e alcançar de Wells. O aparelho Perina-Biofeedback foi utilizado para avaliação da força de contração dos músculos do assoalho pélvico (MAP). As sessões de treinamento foram realizadas por oito semanas. Resultados: Houve redução do peso corporal (1,4%), do percentual de gordura (3,72%), da circunferência abdominal (4,64%), do IMC (1,3%), da Razão cintura-quadril (13,54%) e da percepção de lombalgia (38,3%). A flexibilidade aumentou em (3,27%). A atividade eletromiográfica dos músculos RA e OE diminuiu (19,1% e 66,9%), respectivamente, enquanto dos PL aumentou (19%). O teste de Kendall (1995) revelou uma melhora na estabilização da coluna lombar. A avaliação da força dos MAP revelou melhora na coordenação de recrutamento. Conclusão: Conclui-se que oito semanas de treinamento na modalidade Pole Dance Fitness foram eficientes para a redução da percepção da dor lombar, do percentual de gordura corporal e da atividade mioelétrica dos músculos reto abdominal e oblíquo externo, aumento da força e da atividade mioelétrica dos músculos paravertebrais lombares.

Analisamos as caracterí­sticas dos gols da Copa América Centenário e Eurocopa, ambas realizadas em 2016, sediadas nos Estados Unidos e França respectivamente. A busca foi feita através de variáveis como identificação do tipo de finalização, tempo de jogo no momento do gol, momento de jogo, zona de finalização e zona de assistência. Observamos 83 jogos com 199 gols, sendo ao todo 32 jogos e 91 gols da Copa América e 51 jogos e 108 gols da Eurocopa, com médias de 2,84 e 2,12 gols por jogo e 33 e 44 minutos por gol respectivamente. Houve predominância de gols com o pé direito, sendo a zona de finalização central a mais utilizada. Maior predominância de gols ocorreu por organização ofensiva para ambas as competições, mas estas distinguiram-se nos tempos em que ocorreram os gols, sendo mais frequentes no terão inicial de jogo na Copa América, e no terão inicial da segunda etapa e terão final dos dois tempos na Eurocopa. Quanto às zonas de assistência, observou-se uma maior exploração dos espaços do campo na Eurocopa, enquanto na Copa América o corredor central foi mais utilizado. O setor intermediário foi mais aproveitado para as jogadas de bola parada de tiro indireto nas duas competições, e se destacou na Copa América o aproveitamento da região próxima ao centro de campo e lateral da grande área. São necessárias mais pesquisas para compreender a disparidade nos resultados de ambas as Copas, além da relevância dos arremessos laterais nas jogadas que terminam em gols.

Several ultrastructural analyses of taxa belonging to the genus Thalassiosira from Argentinean coastal waters were carried out, nevertheless, the smaller fraction of the nanoplanktonic Thalassiosira was frequently overlooked. The aim of this study is to show the morphological variation of T. catharinensis, to compare material found in marine coastal waters of Anegada Bay, Province of Buenos Aires, with the material analyzed in the protologue and allied taxa, and to record the species for the first time in Argentina, extending its distribution.

The study of genetic components involved in phenotype expression of morphological traits (functional type) in dairy cattle is justified by the known relationship between productive and reproductive traits. Gyr dairy cattle are widely bred in tropical environments, where pronounced environmental challenges compromise aspects related to health, reproduction and longevity. The objective of this study was to estimate components of variance and genetic parameters for morphological and management traits in Gyr dairy cattle. A database containing a total of 4,989 observations for 17 traits related to morphology and management was analyzed. The evaluated traits were: rump height (RH), hoof angle (HA), rump angle (RA), rump length (RL), rear teat length (RTL), milking ease (ME), rump width (RW), legs side view (LSV), udder depth (UD), temperament (TP), body length (BL), front teat length (FTL), navel length (NL), rear udder width (RUW), ischia width (IW), thoracic perimeter (TP), legs rear view (LRV). Variance components were estimated by univariate animal models using a Bayesian approach. Inference about the results was based on the posterior distributions of the parameters. The model proposed for the analyses considered the fixed effects of herd-year of birth of the animal, classifier, cow age (covariate); and random effects of animal, permanent environment and residual. A Markov chain containing 850,000 samples was created, with burn-in of 250,000 samples and storing only 100 sample intervals (thinning), resulting in a posterior distribution of 6,000 samples. The posterior means (and confidence intervals; 0.05 - 0.95) for the heritability of the studied traits were: RH= 0.52 (0.41 – 0.62), HA= 0.09 (0.03 – 0.14), RA= 0.21 (0.09 – 0.33), RL= 0.20 (0.13 – 0.28), RTL= 0.47 (0.37 – 0.57), ME= 0.08 (0.02 – 0.14), RW= 0.20 (0.12 – 0.28), LSV= 0.24 (0.11 – 0.36), UD= 0.08 (0.003 – 0.15), TP= 0.11 (0.05 – 0.17), BL= 0.11 (0.05 – 0.18), FTL= 0.47 (0.36 – 0.56), NL= 0.52 (0.33 – 0.71), RUW= 0.17 (0.05 – 0.30), IW= 0.16 (0.09 – 0.22), TP= 0.23 (0.13 – 0.33), LRV= 0.01 (0,00 – 0.05). Low, medium and high heritabilities were observed depending on the evaluated trait. The results indicate that different aspects of morphology and management respond differently to selection and should be analyzed independently. However, due to the large number of traits considered, joint selection may be essential for the practical application of results from genetic evaluations. The formation of indices composed of different traits can help to compile results more efficiently, improving their usability by breeders. Studies evaluating the magnitude and direction of the genetic correlation between analyzed traits, as well as involving morphological, productive and reproductive traits are important to guide decision making.

Bovine populations under genetic evaluation based on the BLUP method, as is the case of Gyr dairy cattle, tend to progressively use less breeding bulls, which can lead to increased relationship between individuals. It is known that morphological traits are genetically correlated with milk production, longevity and animal health, and that these are affected by the increase in homozygosity, justifying assessment of the effects of inbreeding. The main objective of this study was to estimate the effect of an increase in the inbreeding coefficient (F) on morphological and management traits in Gyr dairy cattle. A database was analyzed with a total of 2,979 animals, containing observations for 17 conformation and management traits: rump height (RH), hoof angle (HA), rump angle (RA), rump length (RL), rear teat length (RTL), milking ease (ME), rump width (RW), legs side view (LSV), udder depth (UD), temperament (TP), body length (BL), front teat length (FTL), navel length (NL), rear udder width (RUW), ischia width (IW), thoracic perimeter (TP), and legs rear view (LRV). The pedigree file used to calculate F-values for each individual contained a total of 79,538 animals. A univariate animal model was used with the Bayesian approach, considering the fixed effects of herd-year of birth of the animal, classifier, cow age (covariate); and the value of F (covariable; ranging from 0 to 100) of the animals; and random animal and residual effects. A Markov chain containing 850,000 samples was created, with burn-in of 250,000 samples and storing only 100 sample intervals (thinning), resulting in posterior distributions of 6,000 samples. The averages (and confidence intervals; 0.05 - 0.95) of posterior inbreeding effect on the traits studied were: RH= -0.08 (-0.14/-0.02), HA= -0.02 (-0.08/0.04), RA= -0.06 (-0.17/0.03), RL= -0.02 (-0.05/0.01), RTL= -0.01 (-0.03/0.01), ME= 0.003 (-0.01/0.01), RW= -0.05 (-0.10/-0.07), LSV= 0.01 (-0.01/0.03), UD= -0.02 (-0.09/0.04), TP= 0.01 (-0.009/0.02), BL= -0.07 (-0.16/0.00), FTL= -0.004 (-0,02/0.01), NL= -0.01 (-0.06/0.05), RUW= 0.002 (-0.03/0.03), IW= -0.01 (-0.04/0.01), TP= -0.11 (-0.24/0.00), LRV= 0.005 (-0.01/0.02). For most of the traits analyzed, an unfavorable effect was found with increase of F. However, in only four cases (RH, LIL, TP and BL) did the estimated confidence interval not include zero (0), thus being considered significant. Negative effects of inbreeding on morphological characteristics have also been reported by authors in the Holstein and other taurine breeds. The reduced number of animals with F-value higher than 10%, together with some probable selective phenotyping, may have caused a uncertainty in the parameter estimation.

The success of a breeding program invariably depends on the quality of data collected. Visual scores have the advantage of low operating cost for their collection, but they require objectivity, both in definition and in the process of attribution of the phenotype, since they depend on a classifier. In the National breeding program of Gyr dairy cattle (PNMGL), from a total of 18 traits, five are evaluated by visual scores: legs rear view (LRV), legs side view (LSV), fore-udder attachment (FUA), temperament (TP) and milking ease (ME), assuming values between 1 to 9, assigned by a classifier. The objective of the present study was to quantify the percentage of total variation attributed to the effect of classifier for traits evaluated by scores. For this purpose, a univariate animal model using Bayesian approach was implemented. The model proposed for the analyses considered the fixed effects of herd-year of birth of the animal, cow's age (covariate); and random effects of animal, classifier and residual. A Markov chain containing 850.000 samples was created, with a burn-in of 250,000 samples and storage of only 100 sample intervals (thinning), resulting in posterior distributions containing 6,000 samples. The posterior means (and confidence interval; 0.05 – 0.95) for the percentages of the total variation explained by the effect of classifier on the traits studied were: LRV =0.42 (0.29/0.52), LSV = 0.43 (0.29/0.56), FUA= 0.05 (0.00/0.30), TP= 0.39 (0.28/0.48), ME= 0.52 (0.44/0.60). The heritability values for the traits were: LRV= 0.01, LSV= 0.18, FUA= 0.03, TP= 0.07, ME= 0.07. The results indicate the influence of the classifier on the phenotypic variation of the evaluated traits. The magnitude of the estimates obtained can be explained both by factors involved in defining the phenotype and in the data collection process. Decreasing the scale of the variable (1 to 5) may help to improve the accuracy for the classifier's assignment of the score of the animal, assuming a theoretical biological model that explains the variation found in these traits. Possibly the current scale makes differentiation of the distinct phenotypes difficult by simple visual analysis. Finally, the efficient training of classifiers could reduce possible bias in the attribution of the phenotype, caused for example by previous knowledge of the parentage of the animal.

Morphological variability of the nanoplanktonic diatom Thalassiosira laevis from coastal waters of Province of Buenos Aires (Argentina). Despite the fact that the genus Thalassiosira was previous and extensively studied including ultrastructural analysis of species found in phytoplanktonic samples collected from marine waters of Argentina, nanoplanktonic species have been frequently overlooked. This paper is devoted to show the morphological variation of Thalassiosira laevis, a nanoplanktonic species collected from marine coastal waters of the Province of Buenos Aires, to compare Argentinean material with those from China, Korea and Brazil described in the literature, and to record it for the first time from Argentina.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da hesperidina nos níveis dos lípides sanguíneos em ratos tratados com dieta acrescida de gordura saturada. Ratos machos Wistar (194 ± 16g) receberam hesperidina administrada isoladamente, ou adicionada ao suco de laranja, associada com dieta enriquecida com gordura saturada. Após 30 dias de tratamento foram realizadas as análises bioquímicas do colesterol total, HDL-C e triglicérides no soro dos animais. Não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos para os níveis de triglicérides, como também não houve diferenças no ganho de peso dos animais tratados com hesperidina ou com suco de laranja mais hesperidina. Houve, todavia, uma diminuição signiï¬cativa no colesterol total e no HDL-C com a suplementação da hesperidina, isolada ou em associação com o suco de laranja. Estes resultados apontam um papel hipocolesterolêmico da hesperidina no metabolismo do colesterol no rato.

BACKGROUND: Trichoscopy is becoming increasingly popular in diagnosing hair and scalp diseases. Scalp involvement in pemphigus is common. The scalp may be the first or only site of clinical manifestation of the disease. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze whether trichoscopy may be useful in aiding differential diagnosis of scalp lesions in patients with pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus. METHODS: Trichoscopy was performed in 19 patients with scalp lesions in the course of pemphigus (9 patients with pemphigus vulgaris and 10 with pemphigus foliaceus). In all patients, the diagnosis of scalp pemphigus was confirmed by histopathology. The working magnification was 20-fold and 70-fold. RESULTS: The most frequently observed trichoscopy features of pemphigus lesions were: extravasations (18/19; 94.7%) and yellow hemorrhagic crusts (11/19; 57.9%). Yellow dots with whitish halo were observed in 6/19 (31.6%) patients with pemphigus. White polygonal structures were observed in pemphigus foliaceus (6/10; 60%), but not in pemphigus vulgaris. Vascular abnormalities were more frequent in pemphigus vulgaris, when compared to pemphigus foliaceus, and were associated with a severe course of disease. Linear serpentine vessels were the most frequent vascular abnormality in patients with pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus (77.8% and 30%, respectively). CONCLUSION: Trichoscopy may serve as a useful supplementary method in the differential diagnosis of pemphigus, especially in cases of desquamative or exudative lesions limited to the scalp. Extravasations, yellow hemorrhagic crusts, yellow dots with whitish halo, white polygonal structures and linear serpentine vessels are trichoscopy features which may suggest the diagnosis of pemphigus.

Resumo: Introdução: A capacidade de exercício em portadores de DPOC depende da gravidade da limitação ao fluxo aéreo, do grau de hipoxemia e da função muscular esquelética. Nesses doentes, a atrofia e a fraqueza da musculatura periférica são consideradas consequências sistémicas da DPOC e estão associadas à redução da capacidade de exercício.Objectivos: Investigar a possível correlação entre hipoxemia moderada e o comprometimento muscular periférico na DPOC.Doentes e métodos: Dez doentes encaminhados ao Programa de Reabilitação Pulmonar do Hospital Universitário de Brasília foram incluídos neste estudo. A função pulmonar foi avaliada por espirometria, gasometria arterial e avaliação funcional pelo teste de caminhada de seis minutos, sinal electromiográfico e força de deltóide e quadricípetes.Resultados: As correlações entre PaO2 e a força quadricíptica (r2=0,61 e p=0,007) e a distância percorrida no TC6 (r2=0,96 e p=0,001) foram positivas e significativas. Houve correlação negativa e significativa entre PaO2 e a frequência mediana de quadricípetes (r2=-0,42 e p=0,04). Observámos também correlação significativa entre força de quadricípetes e o TC6 (r2=0,67 e p=0,001). Assim como houve correlação negativa e significativa entre a frequência mediana de quadricípetes, e o TC6 (r2=-0,42 e p=0,04). Não encontrámos correlação significativa entre a PaO2 e força ou frequência mediana do músculo deltóide.Conclusão: A PaO2 tem correlação importante e significativa com variáveis de função muscular periférica. A hipoxemia moderada e a disfunção muscular periférica precoce possuem como principal impacto negativo a deterioração da capacidade funcional de portadores de DPOC.Rev Port Pneumol 2008; XIV (6): 769-785 Abstract: Rationale: Exercise capacity in COPD patients depends on the degree of airflow obstruction, the severity of the hypoxaemia and skeletal muscle function. Muscle atrophy and weakness are considered systemic consequences of COPD and are associated with reduced exercise capacity.Aims: To investigate the correlation between mild hypoxaemia and muscular strength, muscular fatigue and functional capacity in COPD patients.Methods: Ten patients enrolled on a PRP at the Hospital Universitário de Brasília â HUB were included in this study. Lung function was evaluated by spirometry and arterial blood gas analysis. Functional evaluation was made using the 6MWT and using isometric contraction of deltoid and quadriceps muscles.Results: There were positive correlations between PaO2, quadriceps strength (r2=0.61 and p=0.007) and PaO2 and the 6MWT (r2=0.96, p=0.001). There were negative correlations between PaO2 and median frequency of quadriceps (r2=-0.42 and p=0.04). We observed significant correlation between quadriceps strength and the 6MWT (r2=0.67 and p=0.001). There was negative correlation between median frequency of quadriceps and the 6MWT (r2=-0.42 and p=0.04). We did not observe any correlation between PaO2 and strength or median frequency of deltoid muscle.Conclusions: PaO2 has important correlations with muscular function variables. The main negative impact of mild hypoxaemia and precocious limb muscular disability on COPD patients is decreased functional capacity.Rev Port Pneumol 2008; XIV (6): 769-785 Palavras-chave: Teste de caminhada de seis minutos, força muscular, hipoxemia, DPOC, reabilitação pulmonar, electromiografia, Key-words: Six-minute walk test, muscle strength, hypoxaemia, COPD, pulmonary rehabilitation, electromyography

Las telecomunicaciones eléctricas fueron introducidas en las repúblicas del Río de la Plata entre 1864 y 1866. Primero Paraguay instaló el ferrocarril, la telegrafía eléctrica y una fundición de acero para fabricar armas y tecnología pesada. A los pocos meses, capitales británicos instalaron una red telegráfica eléctrica entre la Argentina y Uruguay, en el marco de una estrategia de desarrollo económico y de dominación imperial para establecer redes de expansión global conformadas por los telégrafos, los puertos y los ferrocarriles. Estos eventos tecnológicos se produjeron en el marco de un conflicto creciente entre facciones de Argentina, Brasil y Uruguay que desembocaron en la Guerra de la Triple Alianza contra Paraguay, conflagraciones de las que participaron, de una u otra manera, Gran Bretaña y Francia. Las guerras de soberanía rioplatense y la competencia entre potencias europeas impulsa, pues, una revolución tecnológica en el Plata en el campo de las comunicaciones.