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This research aims to analyze the relationship between the level of readability of the financial statements and the cost of debt. The study covered a sample of 378 companies listed on B3 (Bolsa, Brasil and Balcão), from 2010 to 2017. The reports considered were the explanatory notes and management reports. Panel data regression models and ordinary least squares in two stages were used. The empirical results indicated a negative relationship between the level of readability of the explanatory notes and the cost of debt of the companies. For the management reports, no significant results were found. The research contributed to promote the discussion on the effects of the legibility of the reports released by the companies on the cost of debt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work is about the Popular Culture Movement (MCP). The Movement was created in the city of Recife, State of Pernambuco, Brazil, in 1960, inspired by the French Movement "Peuple et Culture" and had as its central objective the emancipation of the people through education and culture. With a popular educational proposal aimed mainly at impoverished communities in Recife, the MCP began to be developed and also to develop an education that sought to contextualize its teachings with the knowledge and life practices of the students. During the article, we first bring the creation and what the MCP was. We also approach the theoretical foundations of popular education, popular culture and social movements. Finally, we bring the performance of the MCP in the peripheral communities of Recife, the methodologies developed by the Movement and its expansion. This article was developed from a documentary and bibliographic methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work is about the Popular Culture Movement (MCP). The Movement was created in the city of Recife, State of Pernambuco, Brazil, in 1960, inspired by the French Movement "Peuple et Culture" and had as its central objective the emancipation of the people through education and culture. With a popular educational proposal aimed mainly at impoverished communities in Recife, the MCP began to be developed and also to develop an education that sought to contextualize its teachings with the knowledge and life practices of the students. During the article, we first bring the creation and what the MCP was. We also approach the theoretical foundations of popular education, popular culture and social movements. Finally, we bring the performance of the MCP in the peripheral communities of Recife, the methodologies developed by the Movement and its expansion. This article was developed from a documentary and bibliographic methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the processes of designing and introducing precision technologies in agriculture, there is a disproportion between the expected productivity issues and the attention paid to their uses and to the effects on the health of farmers. It is this dynamic that ergonomics tries to restore by analyzing work activity. In this article, we mobilize ergonomics to question precision agriculture, the resources it offers to farmers as well as the constraints it generates in real work. Finally, we propose to develop the analysis of the activity at different scales to support farmers in the choices that are imposed on them and to think differently about the design and development of these new technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issue of corporate social irresponsibility (CSIR) has gained prominence in world literature. This study analyzes the 2015 environmental disaster caused by Samarco Mineração S.A. in Mariana (MG), Brazil, as an example of CSIR. The objective was to understand whether the population's social identification with the company, which is translated into the economic benefits, reduced punitive intention, and blame attribution. The research instrument uses scales with psychometric indicators applied to 1,616 individuals. It was verified that the benefits to the local economy reduced the punitive intention in the municipalities of Anchieta and Guarapari (ES), and Mariana (MG). This was not the case for Colatina and Linhares (ES). Also, it was observed that the disaster's severity increased blame attribution, and the punitive intention increased the intention to engage in negative word-of-mouth (NWOM) about the company. As the main conclusion, people were less likely to punish the company in the municipalities where it generated economic benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The environment that the experimental animal is found should be standardized as it may influence the results of the research. The existing technology, in addition to costly, does not includes in a single device all the necessary specifications for this purpose. To control and standardize, a prototype microenvironment was developed using the Peltier system, which is an alternative method of cooling, with control over temperature, humidity, lighting, and ventilation, and tested in an experimental study, comparing between control and experimental groups the parameters environmental, food and water consumption, and weight gain. They were analyzed by Student's t-test, SigmaPlot program, version 12.5, significance of 5%. The prototype is a differentiated product, far greater and efficient in the control of environmental variables, maintaining its stability, as well providing an adequate atmosphere to house animals and keeping them in a controlled and reproducible environment at low cost, accessible to animal houses and research groups deprived of large sums. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to examine gender elaborations, as categories of the female, in Isabel Allende's short story "Two Words", and in Marcela Serrano's novel Our mother of Solitude. A review of the concepts from the feminist critics that are applied to texts was carried out, emphasizing the language as the main topic. It was found as pertinent to examine the specificity of the writing and the reading as strategies for the permanence of the history of a community, in the case of the short story, and as the key to solve an enigma, in the case of the novel. It is also important to point out the relevance of these activities, as they operate both on the identity construction process and on the emancipation of the female character. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Real-Time Cargo Interactive Vehicle (RTVCI) is a cargo carrier autonomous prototype, part of an Integrated Manufacturing System (IMS). The RTVCI function in the IMS is to receive the cargo in the hopper from a prototype, carry it to another location and discharge it from the hopper on another prototype responsible to continue the process. The objective to develop the RTVCI was to provide the designers the experience to develop a prototype able to move, react to colors and communicate with others prototypes using real-time programming techniques. The RTVCI was developed using the LEGO Mindstorms NXT smart brick kits, composed by smart bricks, sensors, programmable logic controller, software and miscellaneous, and was programmed using NXC programming language with techniques of shared resource management, interprocess communication, multithreading and good programming practices; topics studied in the Real-Time System subject of the Escola de Engenharia e TI (EETI) at the Universidade Salvador (Unifacs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Reflect on the body of the nursing teacher in the discourse of subjectivity and power. Methods: This is a theoretical essay guided by contextual reflections organized in the practical core entitled: the body of the nursing teacher in the discourse of subjectivity and power. Results: At the level of subjectivity, the training of nurses was thought from the marks produced by the teacher's body that are fixed in nursing students during the academic course. With regard to power, its disciplinary character has been assumed, contrasted with the care settings where the egress, marked by different teachers, meets with their clients, managers and the multiprofessional health team. Conclusion: it is important to register the need to think about the spaces of teaching and care in the light of a practical philosophy capable of subjectively dialoguing and the expressions of power experienced by clients, health professionals, students, teachers and managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study had as objective to analyze the spatial pattern of the anemocoric and zoocoric species in environments with different individuals densities. The study was conducted in two fragments of Highland Araucaria Forest: one under silvipastoril system and another in a forest under secondary succession, in the municipality of Turvo, Paraná State, Brazil. The coordinates (x, y) of each point was registered. The spatial pattern was analyzed through the function K of Ripley, in the univariate form, using the package Splancs. In the area under silvipastoril system, anemochory syndrome is aggregated, while individuals with zoochory dispersion syndrome showed aggregated pattern up to 15 m and random pattern in the upper classes. Anemocoric species showed aggregated pattern in the area under secondary succession regardless the distance. Probably, more complex factors, such as dispersers’ ecology, interspecific relationships and environmental features may define the spatial distribution of some species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study had as objective to analyze the spatial pattern of the anemocoric and zoocoric species in environments with different individuals densities. The study was conducted in two fragments of Highland Araucaria Forest: one under silvipastoril system and another in a forest under secondary succession, in the municipality of Turvo, Paraná State, Brazil. The coordinates (x, y) of each point was registered. The spatial pattern was analyzed through the function K of Ripley, in the univariate form, using the package Splancs. In the area under silvipastoril system, anemochory syndrome is aggregated, while individuals with zoochory dispersion syndrome showed aggregated pattern up to 15 m and random pattern in the upper classes. Anemocoric species showed aggregated pattern in the area under secondary succession regardless the distance. Probably, more complex factors, such as dispersers' ecology, interspecific relationships and environmental features may define the spatial distribution of some species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we look into the educational practices present in the game of Capoeira, and discuss the manner in which those practices configure a decolonial pedagogy, materialized in formative processes against the logic of oppression inherent to coloniality/modernity. To that effect, we take as object of analysis the works of a Capoeira teacher. Over five months, we have accompanied this teacher, methodologically employing participant observation, where we also employed semi structured interviews towards his students. Results infer that the game of Capoeira, strongly seated upon an African cosmogony, which constructs a sentiment of community belonging, produces decolonial educational processes as it problematizes racism, cultural differences and social inequalities, which results in operationalization of a intercultural pedagogy which counterpoints the colonial matrix of power and coloniality itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims at analyzing elements of the fantastic literary genre in A chave do tamanho (meaning The swich of size), by Brazilian author Monteiro Lobato (1997). The starting point is Roas (2014), who, complementing Todorov (2007), defines the fantastic as the literature that promotes a denial of reality. Zilberman (1982) considers Lobato's fictional setting, O Sítio do Picapau Amarelo, as a neutral universe, since it is neither placed in the real nor in the magic world, but in between. A chave do tamanho is a book that deals particularly with the adult reality of its publication time (1942). Lobato's critical considerations about such themes are delivered precisely due to his use of fantastic elements as defined by Roas (2014). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay presents the result of studies about the relationship between religion and politics in Brazil. It deals with the specific topic of sacralization of politics conducted by the "Estado Novo" (1937-1945). That period had ideologists which occupied themselves in legitimating the national politics and an identity/body of nation as well, having Getúlio Vargas as its main leader. Through the research of Alcir Lenharo and the support of other authors this essay intends to show that the perceptions of the world that are typical to religion are passible of being imported by politics to give it a sacralizing dimension having its effectiveness as its goal. The theme for Brazil is new and made us propose the text in the form of a theoretical approach. We hope to demonstrate that there is a space not addressed in the theme of secularization in politics. Our young investigative tradition is marked more by the separation of the spheres 'religion and politics' than the by the distinction. We hope to contribute to propose a new agenda on the agenda of these Brazilian studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research work aims to contribute towards the prosodic description of dialect varieties of Brazilian Portuguese. We present some differences and similarities that are found among neutral yes/non questions, corresponding to four dialect varieties of Santa Catarina State (Blumenau, Chapecó, Florianópolis, and Lages). The corpus used is the one of AMPERPOR Project, and it has 33 sentences neutral declaratives, and 33 neutral yes/non interrogatives, which are repeated three times by eight speakers. Although the F0 curves are roughly characterized through ascendant-descendent movements in the nuclear region, sentences ending by oxytone word tend to the centralized alignment, while the ones ending via paroxytone and proparoxytone present an alignment in more right-side. We verify that Blumenau and Florianópolis speakers present circumflex movements that are statistically less prominent than the ones presented by Chapecó and Lages speakers. This fact points out that there is lower variation of F0 in Blumenau and Florianópolis productions, as compared with the ones from Chapecó and Lages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As in many African countries, agriculture has been one of the key issues when debating rural development in Mozambique. One of the current concepts in these debates is the so called subsistence agriculture. In this article we propose an historical perspective to look at changes in rural areas of Southern Mozambique before colonialism, during colonialism and after the independence. By focusing on the evolution of rural markets, social inequalities, kin and other hierarchies that structure rural societies, we propose that concepts as subsistence agriculture and family sector, if used without taking into account historical changes, tend to simplify too much ever changing rural complexities. We conclude that history can help in socioeconomic analysis and a better diagnosis for future policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work assessed the effect of biomass composition (ash, volatile matter and fixed carbon content, carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen content, lignin, extractives and holocellulose content) on the condensable gas yield from the torrefaction of rice husk (Oryza sativa L.), jatropha seed husk (Jatropha curcas L.), elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum. var. mineiro); sugarcane bagasse (Sacharum officinarum L.) and bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris ex J.C. Wendl. var. vulgaris). Biomasses with a particle size between 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm were subjected to torrefaction process using a temperature gradient varying from 250 °C to 300 °C, for 15 min, with a heating rate of 20 °C min-1. Five trials were conducted for each biomass and solid, liquid and gas yields were obtained. The holocellulose and the volatile matter content of biomass showed a positive and significant correlation with condensable yield. The ash content showed a negative and significant correlation with condensable yield. There was no significant correlation between the elementary chemical composition and the condensable yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the role of PET/CT in the approach to patients with head and neck cancer. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study of medical records and PET/CT images of 63 patients with head and neck cancer. Results: Alterations were observed in 76% of the cases. Out of these cases, 7 (11%) were considered as false-positive, with SUV < 5.0. PET/CT demonstrated negative results in 15 cases (24%). Among the 14 cases where the method was utilized for staging, 3 (22%) had their stages changed. Conclusion: PET/CT has shown to be of potential value in the routine evaluation of patients with head and neck cancer, but further studies of a higher number of cases are required to define a protocol for utilization of the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The technological and social revolution experienced in the late twentieth century was the prelude to the current phase of globalization. The existing contradictions in globalization strongly expressed in the formation of geographic space and in different socioeconomic, political and cultural dimensions this process involves. After the fall of the Soviet Union, the consumer society in North America was reinforced as the archetype social formation exported to several parts of the globe. A predatory consumerism perpetuates itself in several regions accentuating the social segregation inherent in the accumulation of wealth. Important consequences of these developments are apparent in the agri-food system, as food suffers from the inherent contradictions of the globalization process. An example is the proliferation of "fast food" eateries with their unhealthy, protein-weak foods made symbolically appealing by a terrible propaganda machine. This paper explores the theme of the transformation of dietary habits in contemporary society analyzing the films "Goodbye Lenin" and "Super-size me". We intend to contribute to the promotion of critical reflection on the issue of food in globalized societies impregnated by reckless consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cercospora leaf spot caused by Cercospora canescens and Pseudocercospora cruenta is an important disease of cowpea ([Vigna unguiculata) in Brazil. Due to the inexistence of standard methods for the assessment of this disease, a diagrammatic scale was developed with 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 82% of diseased leaf area. The diagrammatic scale was validated by 10 raters using 50 cowpea leaflets with different levels of severity previously measured by the software Assess®. The accuracy, precision and reproducibility of the estimative of each rater were determined by simple linear regression between actual and estimated severity, with and without the use of the scale. With the scale raters obtained better levels of accuracy and precision, with absolute errors concentrating around 10%. Raters showed high repeatability (94%) and reproducibility (≥90% in 82.3% of the cases) of the estimates by using the scale. The proposed diagrammatic key is suitable for the evaluation of Cercospora leaf spot severity in cowpea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article takes the reader on a journey through the local history of Quême, helping us to understand the transition from the Hosi Zunguze to the regulado Zunguze. This process of substitution can be explained as an attempt to impose word and map-based administrative organization on the existing ritual and kinship-based territorial arrangements in that kingdom. An analysis of present-day power relationships in Quême leads us to suggest that, despite the many changes which have occurred throughout this process, greater trust continues to be placed in kinship and ritual than in the state administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: O uso da albumina adicionado ao diurético furosemida tem como uma das propostas diminuição da resistência aos diuréticos em portadores de insuficiência renal, bem como uso da albumina como um protetor de função renal. Muitos estudos têm associado a dificuldade em fazer natriurese e balanço hídrico positivo como fatores para aumento de mortalidade em pacientes críticos. Métodos: Um estudo retrospectivo analítico com 84 pacientes portadores de sepse e choque séptico, com hipoalbuminemia (níveis<2,5) e insuficiência renal aguda (critérios de KIDGO), ondem foram analisados a média do potássio e sódio séricos antes e depois da terapêutica de 2 grupos, uso isolado da furosemida, albumina associada a furosemida, foi usado o teste de Mann Whitney para comparação entre os grupos, adotando p<0,005 como significante. Resultados: Foi observado melhora nos níveis de sódio sérico no grupo que usou a associação albumina e furosemida comparado com o grupo que fez uso isolado da furosemida, p<0.0001. No balanço hídrico acumulado o grupo da associação furosemida e albumina foi menor do que o diurético isoladamente, p 0,0254. Não houve diferença nos níveis séricos do potássio entre os dois grupos. Conclusão: Nosso estudo encontrou sódio sérico uma balanço hídrico elevados nos pacientes que fizeram uso isolado da furosemida. Mais estudos nessa linha deveriam ser feitos devido aos diversos questionamento sobre o uso da albumina nos pacientes sépticos, como também o uso da furosemida na insuficiência renal aguda nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, de preferência estudos prospectivos que permitissem um melhor acompanhamento dessas condutas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the tropical forest management, occurrence of hollow in trees and its impact on the volume yield are subjects little addressed in the national scientific literature. This issue is addressed in this paper by means of a study case in an annual management area (AMA) located at Saraca Taquera National Forest, state of Pará, Brazil. We selected 3,190 trees of 25 commercial species to be harvested, representing a wood volume of 24,020 m³. Of that amount, 3,079 trees were logged, of which 1,227 (39.8%) were trees that replaced hollow trees found during the harvest. During logging operation 1,175 (36.4%) standing trees were found hollow. In general, there were 53.5% of hollow trees in the AMA, representing approximately two hollow trees per hectare managed. The results revealed that despite the expressive number of hollow trees this defect did not significantly affect the volume yield (80.7%) mostly due to the possibility of replacing hollow trees by the time of logging. As more than half the selected trees were hollow, the replacement assures economic viability of the current forest management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the projections of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) over the North Tropical Atlantic Ocean and the exclusion over the semiarid region of Rio Grande do Norte, as well as the relationship between these two variables for the experiments historical an RCP 6.0 of the AR5 / IPCC for the time frame from 2006 to 2017 of the models. Thus, it can be inferred how the projections of these experiments can be used as tools for analyzing the future state of TSM over the tropical Atlantic and on the transformation in the semiarid region of RN. RStudio software ande Microsoft Excel 2017 are used for the analysis calculating the standard deviation of the data. Taking into account the results, it is observed that in the months when a SST over the southern tropical Atlantic is more forgotten and less in the northern potion of the tropical atlantic ocean it is possible to notice an increase in the monthly averages and recorded years of reserve. Thus, when the TSM region of the South Atlantic is more heated, the pressure on the outer surface, there is greater evaporation of the water content of the ocean and corroborates the intensification of upward movements that intensify the mass convergence, favoring the formation of clouds and precipitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is contributing to a great variety of theoretical perspectives and empirical settings to generate cumulative evidence about the influence of historical legacies and organizational ability for managing the past. In a continuation of critical perspectives that challenges the dominance of Anglo-Saxon onto-epistemologies in management and organization studies (MOS), we conducted an empirical study on a multinational airline company whose past successes depended on the North/South, Anglo/Latin American borderlands. We analyzed the grand narratives of Pan American Airways' (PAA) corporate archival material to determine its dominant discourses about people from Latin America. Based on the three themes of politics, economics, and culture, we present three grand narratives, or official stories, that we argue summaries PAA storytelling about Latin America between 1927 and 1960. Following decolonial feminism, we aim to recontextualize the past and the hegemonic storytelling embedded in PAA's grand narratives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This ecological study seeks to construct and make available some socioeconomic indicators about the Brazilian towns and, then, to analyze them in detail and compare them to the life expectancy. Based on secondary data from 2010, the indicators were constructed in three stages: theoretical stage; univariate and bivariate statistical analysis and main component analysis; and application of indicators according to a spatial analysis and comparison to the life expectancy. Thirteen (13) variables were selected to construct two indicators: socioeconomic deprivation indicator (IPS) and rurality indicator (IR), IPS being the higher in relation to the life expectancy. It showed a spatial division of the country in two areas: a lower area with better socioeconomic advantage and a higher area with greater vulnerability. The IR indicator complements the IPS one, thus showing that the towns with a greater socioeconomic deprivation and a higher rurality indicator show a lower life expectancy. This way, the IPS and IR indicators reported 2149 towns with higher care needs, particularly those located in the northern and north-eastern regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Job satisfaction and quality of life determine the health condition of university professors and interfere in the teaching- learning process. Objective: evaluate the quality of life and job satisfaction of university professors of institutions in Brazil. Method: Integrative review of papers published between January 2008 and January 2018. The data collection was made in the data bases: Directory of Open Access Journals, SciELO, Lilacs, PubMed, and Academic One File. For English search, the following exact descriptors of Medical Subjects Headings (MeSH) were used: "Quality of Life", "Job Satisfaction", "Faculty" and "Brazil" and in Portuguese, Descriptors in Health Sciences (DeCS) were used: "qualidade de vida" "docentes", "universidades", and the synonym "satisfação no trabalho". Results: the professors, mostly, are satisfied with the work they do, and have a satisfactory quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to select primers ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) for studies of the genetic structure, and to quantify the genetic variability in a natural population of C. prunifera. Thirty seven individuals were sampled in the municipality Macaíba, Rio Grande do Norte, Northeast Brazil. Seventeen ISSR primers were tested, of which 12 amplified DNA and of these, seven were selected to characterize the structure and genetic diversity of the population. The primers that had the highest percentage of polymorphic loci were UBC 841 (16.36%), UBC 842 (15.45%), UBC 857 (12.73%), UBC 859 (10.90%), UBC 840 (10.90%), UBC 813 (10%) and UBC 827 (8.18%), totaling 93 of the 110 loci generated. The polymorphic information content (PIC) of each selected primer ranged from 0.057 (UBC 859) and 0.444 (UBC 841). The optimal number of loci to reliably estimate the genetic diversity for this work was 76 loci, ie, when the correlation reached 0.998 and the stress was less than 0.05. High genetic diversity was found, with the number of observed alleles (na = 2.00), effective alleles (ne = 1.46), Nei's diversity index (He = 0.28) and Shannon index (Ho = 0.44). The value of the coancestry remained within the confidence interval (P > 0.05), indicating no spatial genetic structure, regardless of the distance between plants. ISSR markers were efficient in genetic characterization of individuals' carnauba serving with allowance for management and conservation of the species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical literature has shown that significant portions of the general population, including healthcare professionals, have a highly stigmatized view of mentally ill patients, which can lead to low quality health care and difficult access to treatment. To address this issue, we evaluated the mental health syllabus of a private medical school located in the capital city of a Southeastern Brazil State. That syllabus was conceived based on active educational methodology and in partnership with the local public mental health system, where all the practical academic activities took place. We conclude that the suggested model decreased stigmatization of the mentally ill among medical students and was positively evaluated by them. To achieve that goal, educational strategies had to be included that promote direct interaction of students with mentally ill patients and the beginning of medical school seems to be the right moment to offer this type of activity. This experience also showed that an efficient collaboration between the university and the Brazilian public health system may promote positive changes in mental health training of future Brazilian physicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aimed analyze, the months, years with the highest incidences of noise pollution, perceived by the fines applied in the period from 2005 to 2010 in the city of Cuiabá-MT. The methodological procedures were developed in 4 (four) distinct steps, as follow: 1st step corresponds to the review of the literature and informations relate to the occurrences; the 2nd step refers to the search of data from the Municipal Environment and Urban Development -- Integrated Program of Pollution Control and Combat of the Noise Pollution -- City Hall of Cuiabá-MT; the 3rd step is concerned of the tabulation and generation of a database in a spreadsheet and the 4th and last step designated for the interpretation of the data and drafting the article. Throughout the analyzed period, it was noted that the year of 2010 stood out with 2,305 cases of noise pollution, then highlighting the year of 2008, which had 2,029 occurrences. Because of the high number of occurrences in the period, it is very important that people be informed about the irreversible hearing alterations that excessive exposure noise can cause. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The structuring of health services is a fundamental element to respond to the burden of chronic diseases. Objective: To analyze the relationship between hospitalizations and deaths due to diseases of the circulatory system and the structure in health services. Method: A cross-sectional study developed in the state of the Brazilian central-west was carried out with a health region composed of 17 municipalities and 1,112,792 inhabitants. The demographic, epidemiological and health structure dimensions were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson's linear correlation. Results: The mortality rate due to diseases of the circulatory system was 29.49%, higher than the findings in the country and in the center-west. There was a significant correlation between hospitalization for ischemic heart diseases and number of beds, and between hospitalization for diseases of the circulatory system and number of specialized services for each 10,000 inhabitants. Conclusion: The differences found between hospitalizations and the existence of specialized services and beds indicate that the population that lives in municipalities with a complex service structure has more access to services and hospitalizations. The results demonstrate that there must be greater care in the conformation and offer of services in the Health Care Network for diseases of the circulatory system, aiming to ensure equity in the population's access to the agreed services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Manihot esculenta Crantz represents one of the most important socioeconomic cultures in Brazil, since it plays a social role in the generation of employment and income of family farmers and communities, whose main source of income is in this activity. This process generates waste which, if not collected and treated properly, can cause damage to the environment. In the northeastern region of Pará there are several agri-food enterprises that benefit cassava. Thus, a study was carried out on the processing of cassava in agri-food enterprises in the northeast of Pará and the perception about the initiatives of the process of utilization of its residues. The research was conducted through field visits, interviews with farmers, and some photographic records. A questionnaire consisting of open and closed questions was applied, and the interviewees were chosen by means of the technique called snowball sampling. After the data collection, a quantitative evaluation was carried out, making it possible to detect that cassava beneficiation enterprises studied in the northeastern region of Pará do not adequately treat their residues and the most worrisome is the disposal of the manipueira (effluent), since it is considered a toxic solution, due to the presence of linamarin, glycoside, characteristic of the cassava plant, potentially hydrolyzed to hydrocyanic acid. Even being an organic material, due to improper packaging, can cause damage to the environment and public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Caffeine was tested as copper corrosion inhibitor in 1M HNO3 using mass loss technique at 308- 328K and theoretical studies based on quantum chemistry. The inhibition efficiency is concentration and temperature dependent: Caffeine showed an inhibition efficiency of 78% at 5mM for T =328K. The thermodynamic adsorption parameters (ΔGads,0 , ΔHads,0 , ΔSads,0 ) were determined and analyzed. They revealed a spontaneous adsorption process and a strong interaction between Caffeine and the metal surface. Adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Temkin and El-Awady were tested. It was found that Caffeine adsorbs on copper according to the modified Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The Dubinin Raduskevitch model was used to distinguish between chemisorption and physisorption. Activation parameters (Ea, ΔHa*, ΔSa*) were also determined and discussed. Furthermore, the quantum chemical properties/descriptors most relevant to the potential action of the molecule as corrosion inhibitor such as highest occupied molecular energy (EHOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy (ELUMO), energy gap(ΔE), dipole moment (μ) and charges on heteroatoms were calculated using DFT at B3LYP level with 6-31+G (d) and LanL2DZ basis sets. Fukui indices were also determined and discussed. The theoretical results are consistent with the experimental data reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In tropical regions, where plant-animal interactions are widespread, the effectiveness of environmental restoration techniques is dependent on the animal species present and available for fruit and seed dispersal. Therefore, monitoring the local fauna can be a good indicator of the forest regeneration process. Our goal in this study was to verify whether areas reforested by different regeneration methods in Morro da Vargem, municipality of Ibiraçu in the state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil, present differences in bat species richness and composition, and in bat trophic guild number. We carried out 29 capture nights, between July 2006 and July 2007, being 6 nights in the Mata area (a pristine forest fragment), 6 nights in the Camará area (regeneration with some level of human intervention), 8 nights in the Bosque area (regeneration with some level of human intervention), and 9 nights in the Capoeira area (natural regeneration). We obtained 564 captures with 26 species. The estimated richness was greater in Bosque and Camará areas than in Capoeira and Mata. We found no differences between areas regarding species composition and trophic guilds. The lower species richness in the Mata area can be explained by its location, on a hilltop. On the other hand, the exotic plant species found in the Bosque area may provide resources year round. The large home range of bat species and the proximity of the studied areas could explain the species composition and trophic guild similarity between the areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The plant growth stimulation by humic acids (HA) has been attributed to a hormone-like effect as promoting the root development and proliferation, resulting in a more efficient water and nutrient absorption. This research aims to investigate how the humic acids isolated from vermicompost (20mg L-1) can modify the root architecture and the plasma membrane (PM) protein patterns in maize roots. It was also analyzed the effect of the citric acid (CA), an organic acid present in root exudates. The changes induced in the corn root system were estimated by measuring the taproot length, the amount of root mitotic sites and lateral roots, and the total root area. Plasma membrane vesicles were purified by cell fractionation and the protein patterns were analyzed by uni (1D) and bidimensional (2D) electrophoresis. The results show that the HA in solution with CA (0.005mM) increases the lateral root growth promotion (126%), the root area (58%), and the number of lateral roots (55%). The activity of the plasma membrane H+ pump, analyzed as a marker of the induction of the acid growth mechanism, was also enhanced (374%) by the humic solution supplemented with CA. Expression of several plasma membrane proteins was inhibited when plants were treated with HA and this effect was more pronounced upon CA supplementation. The obtained results corroborate the proposed mechanism for the HA bioactivity, by which under the action of root-exuded organic acids, such as CA, a disruption of the HA macrostructure is promoted releasing bioactive molecules presented in the humic aggregates, which becomes more accessible to the root cell receptors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]