Search

El personal de salud a través del tiempo ha demostrado ser fundamental para la preservación del bienestar del ser humano; sin embargo, la formación que debe llevar para lograrlo no es la fórmula para alcanzar su salud propia. El presente trabajo pretende analizar las principales adversidades que experimentan los estudiantes de medicina durante su proceso de formación profesional, con el fin de motivar las reformas de los campos formativos. Es una investigación documental con información basada en la evidencia científica. Se encuentra que en México y América Latina son muchos los médicos que ingresan a la licenciatura en medicina, pero a la vez existe un porcentaje elevado que desertan, lo cual está relacionado con padecimientos que atentan directamente contra su integridad, como ansiedad, depresión, burnout, ideación suicida, adicciones y otras condicionantes económicas, familiares y sociales. Se encontraron índices de deserción hasta del 25%, que se sostienen o incluso se elevan con el paso del tiempo, por lo que se requiere atender esta problemática, sensibilizar a los diferentes sectores de la sociedad, pues el personal médico pese al cansancio o la sobrecarga, aun así, otorga la atención requerida por los usuarios y usuarias, muchas veces a costa de su bienestar propio.

Medical literature has shown that significant portions of the general population, including healthcare professionals, have a highly stigmatized view of mentally ill patients, which can lead to low quality health care and difficult access to treatment. To address this issue, we evaluated the mental health syllabus of a private medical school located in the capital city of a Southeastern Brazil State. That syllabus was conceived based on active educational methodology and in partnership with the local public mental health system, where all the practical academic activities took place. We conclude that the suggested model decreased stigmatization of the mentally ill among medical students and was positively evaluated by them. To achieve that goal, educational strategies had to be included that promote direct interaction of students with mentally ill patients and the beginning of medical school seems to be the right moment to offer this type of activity. This experience also showed that an efficient collaboration between the university and the Brazilian public health system may promote positive changes in mental health training of future Brazilian physicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To discuss the advances and limitations of animal models in psychiatric disorders. Method: A narrative review of articles. Results: Different animal models currently demonstrate adequate validity for specific characteristics of certain mental disorders. Conclusion: Recognizing limitations that stay away from any mimicking of complex psychopathological symptoms in animal models, such models nonetheless represent useful tools in the study of psychiatry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to discuss two periods in the history of Hospital de Custódia e Tratamento Psiquiátrico Heitor Carrilho (Secure Psychiatric Hospital) — its creation and extinction — investigating the links between the latter event and the effects of the Psychiatric Reform Law (Lei Paulo Delgado) and the movement against asylums. The topic is developed around the restructuring of the secure psychiatric hospitals in the state of Rio de Janeiro, especially Heitor Carrilho, and the history of criminal lunatic asylums, their sociopolitical contexts and the ideas that underpin these total institutions both structurally and functionally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the epistemological underpinnings of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), launched by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) – USA. The project has the objective of empirically investigating mental disorders in a biological framework. We discuss the sharp criticism received by the DSM shortly before its fifth edition came out, based as it was on the neuroscientific approach adopted by the RDoC. The preference for pathophysiology, combined with the exclusion of first-person experience, points to a scenario where research and clinical work are irrevocably divorced, and runs the risk of fostering an odd psychiatry with neither psyche nor pathos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]