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Objectives: this study aims to explore neonatal nurses' experiences of facilitating early bonding between mothers and premature babies., Method: a descriptive qualitative approach was adopted, using focus group discussions with 13 participants from four referral hospitals in a major city in a developing country. This was followed by in-depth interviews with three participants., Results: three main themes emerged, highlighting the barriers and facilitators to early bonding between mothers and preterm infants. The study also explored care practices aimed at facilitating early bonding within the social environment of preterm infants, involving mothers, families, nurses and hospitals., Conclusions: the barriers and facilitators identified inform the development of intervention strategies for neonatal nurses to promote early bonding. Optimal early bonding requires enhanced nurse management skills, adequate hospital infrastructure and involvement of the patient's family. These findings contribute to the advancement of health and nursing knowledge.