10 results on '"cardiovascular prevention"'
Search Results
2. Estado da arte e perspectivas da reabilitação cardiovascular no Brasil.
- Author
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Teixeira, Patricia Luciene da Costa and de Maria, Carlos Alberto Bastos
- Subjects
CARDIOVASCULAR disease prevention ,HEALTH policy ,HEALTH services accessibility ,GOVERNMENT regulation ,NATIONAL health services ,HEALTH literacy ,CARDIAC rehabilitation ,MEDICAL referrals ,PATIENT compliance - Abstract
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- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Training and attitudes concerning cardiac rehabilitation in Portugal: A national survey of physician members of the Portuguese Society of Cardiology.
- Author
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Vilela EM, Bento L, Oliveira L, Abreu A, Dores H, Teixeira M, Mendes M, Fontes P, Fontes-Carvalho R, Pereira H, and Gonçalves L
- Subjects
- Humans, Portugal, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Adult, Self Report, Cardiac Rehabilitation statistics & numerical data, Cardiology, Attitude of Health Personnel, Societies, Medical
- Abstract
Introduction and Objectives: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a central component in the management of cardiovascular disease. While its potential benefits have been extensively explored and confirmed, its implementation is still suboptimal, due to various possible barriers. This study aimed to assess training and attitudes concerning CR among physicians in a Portuguese setting., Methods: An online questionnaire structured in three parts (participant characteristics, training and attitudes concerning CR, and a brief general knowledge assessment) was developed and sent to members of the Portuguese Society of Cardiology. The study population encompassed physicians with a medical specialty or residents from the third year onward of a specialty program., Results: A total of 97 individuals (57.7% male, 61.9% aged ≤50 years) presented valid answers. CR was available at the workplace of 54.6% of participants. Most of them considered that the time allocated to CR training during residency was inadequate, and thought that more time was needed for this purpose. Most had not dedicated (or intended to dedicate) time for CR training, with lack of time being the most frequently attributed reason. In terms of referral, a substantial proportion of subjects did not refer patients, with lack of CR centers and human resources being the most frequent reasons., Conclusions: This survey provides contemporary data on CR training and attitudes, highlighting areas of potential improvement, such as time allocated to training in this area. These results could provide a useful pragmatic framework for optimization of training and awareness in this pivotal field of cardiovascular medicine., (Copyright © 2024 Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Capacidade preditiva da relação neutrófilo linfócito como marcador de risco cardiovascular em pacientes assintomáticos
- Author
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Almeida, Angélica Oliveira de, Moriguchi, Emílio Hideyuki, and Silveira, Anderson Donelli da
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Doenças cardiovasculares ,Neutrófilos ,Primary prevention ,Fatores de risco ,Prognóstico ,Cardiovascular risk assessment ,Cardiovascular biomarker ,Portador sadio ,Inflamação ,Cardiovascular prevention ,Biomarcadores ,Ultrasensitive C-reactive protein ,Linfócitos ,Proteina C-reativa ,Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio - Abstract
A aterosclerose não é apenas uma lesão passiva causada pela deposição de lipídeos e outras substâncias nas paredes vasculares, mas sim um processo inflamatório ativo, no qual os neutrófilos exercem função primordial. A relação neutrófilo-linfócito (RNL) é um biomarcador inflamatório que está emergindo como um bom preditor de morte cardiovascular, infarto e doença arterial coronariana. Porém, no contexto de utilização como ferramenta de estratificação de risco na prevenção primária, os dados na literatura são ainda escassos. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar se existe associação da RNL com escore de cálcio coronariano (ECAC) e com proteína C reativa ultrassensível (PCR-US), dois marcadores robustos e já consolidados em estimar risco cardiovascular em sujeitos assintomáticos. Realizamos um estudo de coorte contemporâneo unicêntrico com 125 homens, livres de doença cardiovascular, que foram estudados em dois momentos, basal e após seguimento médio de 7 anos. Realizamos avaliação clínica e laboratorial (incluindo PCR-US), bem como mensuração do ECAC através de tomografia computadorizada. A regressão logística multivariada revelou que existe associação significativa da RNL com a PCR-US (p = 0,01 basal e p = 0,02 seguimento), mas não com o ECAC. Portanto, a RNL, um simples marcador inflamatório, amplamente disponível, rotineiramente executado e de baixo custo, tem associação independente com PCR-US, tendo potencial de ser utilizado como marcador de risco cardiovascular em homens assintomáticos. Atherosclersis is not just a passive lesion caused by deposition of lipids and other subtances on the vascular walls, but an active inflammatory process, in which neutrophils play a key role. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an inflammatory biomarker that is emerging as a good predictor of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an association between NLR and coronary calcium score (CCS) and between NLR and ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (usCRP), two robust markers that have already been consolidated in cardiovascular risk estimation. In a contemporary single-center cohort study, we studied 125 men free from cardiovascular disease at baseline and at 7 years of follow-up. We performed a medical evaluation, including measurement of glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, creatinine, blood count and usCRP, as well as CCS through computed tomography. Multivariate logistic regression revealed a significant association between NLR and usCRP (P = 0.01 baseline and P = 0.02 follow-up), but not between NLR and CCS. Therefore, NLR, a simple inflammatory marker whose testing is widely available, routine and low cost, has an independent association with usCRP, and can be used as a marker of cardiovascular risk in asymptomatic men.
- Published
- 2020
5. Inflammation and ischemic heart disease: The next therapeutic target?
- Author
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Vilela EM and Fontes-Carvalho R
- Abstract
Inflammation plays an important role in several stages of the cardiovascular continuum. In recent decades a plethora of studies have provided new data highlighting the role of inflammation in atherogenesis and atherothrombosis in two-way interactions with various cardiovascular risk factors and further influencing these dynamic processes. The concept of targeting residual inflammatory risk among individuals with ischemic heart disease (IHD) is therefore gaining increasing attention. Recently, several landmark randomized controlled trials have assessed different pharmacological approaches that may mitigate this residual risk. The results of some of these studies, such as CANTOS with canakinumab and COLCOT and LoDoCo2 with colchicine, are promising and have provided data to support this concept. Moreover, though several aspects remain to be clarified, these trials have shown the potential of modulating inflammation as a new target to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in secondary prevention patients. In the present review, we aim to present a pragmatic overview of the complex interplay between inflammation and IHD, and to critically appraise the current evidence on this issue while presenting future perspectives on this topic of pivotal contemporary interest., (Copyright © 2021 Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Controlo dos factores de risco cardiovascular e a sua relação com o conhecimento dos doentes
- Author
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Cortez, Mariana Mendes Escada de Oliveira and Monteiro, Pedro
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Cardiovascular prevention ,Cardiovascular risk ,Cardiovascular disease ,Patient knowledge - Abstract
Trabalho final do 6º ano médico com vista à atribuição do grau de mestre (área científica de cardiologia) no âmbito do ciclo de estudos de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina. Introdução: A Doença Cardiovascular (DCV) permanece como a causa principal de mortalidade na Europa. Segundo uma revisão dos estudos EUROASPIRE, uma percentagem significativa dos doentes da amostra não atingiu as mudanças do estilo de vida, a alteração dos fatores de risco modificáveis e os alvos terapêuticos propostos, existindo ainda um potencial e necessidade de intervenção. Proponho uma análise de uma potencial relação entre conhecimento teórico do doente e outcome no controlo dos fatores de risco cardiovasculares. Métodos: Foram incluídos no estudo todos os doentes com patologia cardiovascular seguidos no serviço de Cardiologia dos HUC. A cada elemento foi aplicado um questionário para aferir o seu grau de conhecimento teórico. A amostra foi seguida durante 48 semanas, com recolha de parâmetros como: tensão arterial sistólica e diastólica, IMC, colesterol total e c-LDL. Para comparação entre as médias foi feito teste t-Student. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo um total de 31 doentes (N=31). A mediana do score total dos doentes obtido no questionário aplicado foi de 8 (num total de 11), dividindo a amostra em dois grupos: doentes com conhecimento elevado (n1=18) e doentes com conhecimento inferior (n2=13). Não foi encontrado uma diferença estatisticamente significativa das médias de tensão arterial sistólica, IMC, colesterol total e c-LDL entre os dois grupos (p> 0,05). Conclusão: Não conseguimos estabelecer uma relação entre um melhor controlo dos vários parâmetros (fatores de risco cardiovascular) com o nível de conhecimento dos nossos doentes. Introduction: Cardiovascular disease remains as the main cause of mortality in Europe. According to the EUROASPIRE studies, a significant percentage of the patients did not reach the established objectives in life style modifications and therapeutic targets, meaning that there is a necessity and potential of intervention. With this study, we look for a possible relationship between patient knowledge and their disease outcome. Methods: In this study all patients with cardiovascular disease followed by the Cardiology team of HUC were included. A number of questions were applied at each patient, in order to access their general knowledge. The sample was followed during 48 weeks, collecting some data such as: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, BMI, total cholesterol and c-LDL. Results: A total of 31 patients were included in this study (N=31). The median of the total score value was 8, splitting the sample in two groups: patients with a higher knowledge (n1=18) and patients with inferior knowledge (n2=13). No statistical difference between blood pressure, BMI, total cholesterol and c-LDL means were established (p>0, 05). Conclusion: No relation between patient health knowledge and a better outcome in control of cardiovascular risk factors was established.
- Published
- 2016
7. Suboptimal lipid levels in clinical practice among Portuguese adults with dyslipidemia under lipid-lowering therapy: Data from the DISGEN-LIPID study.
- Author
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da Silva PM, Aguiar C, and Morais J
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Biomarkers blood, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Cardiovascular Diseases etiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dyslipidemias complications, Dyslipidemias drug therapy, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Morbidity trends, Portugal epidemiology, Retrospective Studies, Survival Rate trends, Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control, Dyslipidemias blood, Hypolipidemic Agents therapeutic use, Lipids blood, Registries
- Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Portugal. Hypercholesterolemia has a causal role in atherosclerotic CVD. Guidelines recommend that cardiovascular (CV) risk reduction should be individualized and treatment goals identified. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the primary treatment target., Methods: DISGEN-LIPID was a cross-sectional observational study conducted in 24 centers in Portugal in dyslipidemic patients aged ≥40 years, on lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) for at least three months and with an available lipid profile in the previous six months., Results: A total of 368 patients were analyzed: 48.9% men and 51.1% women (93.9% postmenopausal), of whom 73% had a SCORE of high or very high CV risk. One quarter had a family history of premature CVD; 31% had diabetes; 26% coronary heart disease; 9.5% cerebrovascular disease; and 4.1% peripheral arterial disease. Mean baseline lipid values were total cholesterol (TC) 189 mg/dl, LDL-C 116 mg/dl, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) 53.5 mg/dl, and triglycerides (TG) 135 mg/dl. Women had higher TC (p<0.001), LDL-C (non-significant) and HDL-C (p<0.001), and lower TG (p=0.002); 57% of men and 63% of women had LDL-C>100 mg/dl (p=0.28), and 58% of men and 47% of women had LDL-C>70 mg/dl (p=0.933)., Conclusion: These observational data show that, despite their high-risk profile, more than half of patients under LLT, both men and women, did not achieve the recommended target levels for LDL-C, and a large proportion also had abnormal HDL-C and/or TG. This is a renewed opportunity to improve clinical practice in CV prevention., (Copyright © 2019 Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Aspirina em baixa dosagem em pacientes com diabete melito: riscos e benefícios em relação às complicações macro e microvasculares
- Author
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Camargo, Eduardo G., Gross, Jorge Luiz, Weinert, Letícia S., Lavinsky, Joel, and Silveiro, Sandra P.
- Subjects
Cardiovascular prevention ,Diabetes mellitus ,Aspirin ,Prevenção cardiovascular ,Diabetic retinopathy ,Nefropatia diabética ,Diabete melito ,Retinopatia diabética ,Diabetic nephropathy ,Aspirina - Abstract
O uso de aspirina é recomendado como estratégia de prevenção cardiovascular em pacientes com diabete melito. Em decorrência do risco de eventos hemorrágicos e da hipótese de que poderia haver um agravamento das complicações microvasculares associado ao uso da aspirina, tem havido importante sub-utilização dessa terapia. Entretanto, está definido que o uso de aspirina não piora a retinopatia diabética e existem evidências de que também não afeta a função renal em doses usuais (150 mg/dia). Por outro lado, pacientes com diabete melito parecem necessitar de doses maiores do agente antiplaquetário, o que sugere que esses indivíduos apresentem a chamada "resistência à aspirina". Os mecanismos dessa resistência ainda não estão completamente esclarecidos, estando provavelmente relacionados à atividade plaquetária intrínseca anormal. Portanto, o emprego de terapêuticas antiplaquetárias alternativas ou a administração de doses maiores de aspirina (150-300 mg/dia) devem ser melhor avaliados em relação a um aumento da eficácia na prevenção da doença cardiovascular e também a possíveis efeitos nas complicações microvasculares no diabete melito. Aspirin is recommended as cardiovascular disease prevention in patients with diabetes mellitus. Due to the increased risk of bleeding and because of the hypothesis that there could be a worsening of microvascular complications related to aspirin, there has been observed an important underutilization of the drug. However, it is now known that aspirin is not associated with a deleterious effect on diabetic retinopathy and there is evidence indicating that it also does not affect renal function with usual doses (150 mg/d). On the other hand, higher doses may prove necessary, since recent data suggest that diabetic patients present the so called "aspirin resistance". The mechanisms of this resistance are not yet fully understood, being probably related to an abnormal intrinsic platelet activity. The employment of alternative antiplatelet strategies or the administration of higher aspirin doses (150-300 mg/d) should be better evaluated regarding effective cardiovascular disease prevention in diabetes as well as the possible effects on microvascular complications.
- Published
- 2007
9. Aspirina em baixa dosagem em pacientes com diabete melito : riscos e benefícios em relação às complicações macro e microvasculares
- Author
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Letícia Schwerz Weinert, Jorge Luiz Gross, Sandra Pinho Silveiro, Eduardo Guimarães Camargo, and Jacó Lavinsky
- Subjects
Drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Prevenção cardiovascular ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Renal function ,Diabetic nephropathy ,Diabetes mellitus ,Endocrinologia ,Diabetic retinopathy ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Nefropatia diabética ,Diabete melito ,In patient ,Platelet activation ,Risks and benefits ,Aspirina ,media_common ,Aspirin ,business.industry ,Retinopatia diabética ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Cardiovascular prevention ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
O uso de aspirina é recomendado como estratégia de prevenção cardiovascular em pacientes com diabete melito. Em decorrência do risco de eventos hemorrágicos e da hipótese de que poderia haver um agravamento das complicações microvasculares associado ao uso da aspirina, tem havido importante sub-utilização dessa terapia. Entretanto, está definido que o uso de aspirina não piora a retinopatia diabética e existem evidências de que também não afeta a função renal em doses usuais (150 mg/dia). Por outro lado, pacientes com diabete melito parecem necessitar de doses maiores do agente antiplaquetário, o que sugere que esses indivíduos apresentem a chamada “resistência à aspirina”. Os mecanismos dessa resistência ainda não estão completamente esclarecidos, estando provavelmente relacionados à atividade plaquetária intrínseca anormal. Portanto, o emprego de terapêuticas antiplaquetárias alternativas ou a administração de doses maiores de aspirina (150–300 mg/dia) devem ser melhor avaliados em relação a um aumento da eficácia na prevenção da doença cardiovascular e também a possíveis efeitos nas complicações microvasculares no diabete melito. Aspirin is recommended as cardiovascular disease prevention in patients with diabetes mellitus. Due to the increased risk of bleeding and because of the hypothesis that there could be a worsening of microvascular complications related to aspirin, there has been observed an important underutilization of the drug. However, it is now known that aspirin is not associated with a deleterious effect on diabetic retinopathy and there is evidence indicating that it also does not affect renal function with usual doses (150 mg/d). On the other hand, higher doses may prove necessary, since recent data suggest that diabetic patients present the so called “aspirin resistance”. The mechanisms of this resistance are not yet fully understood, being probably related to an abnormal intrinsic platelet activity. The employment of alternative antiplatelet strategies or the administration of higher aspirin doses (150–300 mg/d) should be better evaluated regarding effective cardiovascular disease prevention in diabetes as well as the possible effects on microvascular complications.
- Published
- 2007
10. Relation between hypertension and cardiovascular events : implications for coronary prevention
- Author
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Rocha, Evangelista, Silva, A. Mello e, Nogueira, Paulo, Grupo de Investigação da ARS de Lisboa, and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
- Subjects
Stroke ,Coronary heart disease ,Myocardial infarction ,Cardiovascular prevention ,Hypertension - Abstract
Objective: To study the relation between hypertension and cardiovascular events – stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), and chronic renal failure (CRF) – and to define implications for cardiovascular disease prevention. Design: Cross-sectional study, in two stages, but with retrospective information about major cardiovascular events. Setting: Primary care health centers (Lisbon Regional Health Administration). Material and Methods: Participants: 3228 patients, 1100 male (439 aged up to 60 years and 661 aged 60 years) and 2128 females (860 aged up to 60 years and 1268 aged 60 years). The study covered stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, chronic renal failure with co-variables of age, gender, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, heart rate, antihypertensives, diabetes, total cholesterol, dyslipidemic therapy, and smoking. The group without hypertension (normotensives) and hypertensives - treated with antihypertensives and/or with systolic/diastolic blood pressure 140/90 mmHg (n=2169) - were compared, using logistic regression, to identify nonfatal cardiovascular complications associated with hypertension. Forward conditional logistic regression was used to test the multivariate models. The level of significance was takento be 5 %. The statistical packages Stata and SPSS were used. Results: The analysis included 2839 cases (389 missing). The absolute frequencies of categorical variables were: smoking (n=343); stroke (n=150); myocardial infarction (n=90); heart failure (n=174); renal failure (n=34); hypercholesterolemia (n=864); diabetes (n=375); male gender (n=976) and female gender (n=1863). The regression equation included the following factors: age (p, Objectivo: Estudar a relação entre hipertensão arterial e as complicações cardiovasculares tais como acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), enfarte do miocárdio (EM), insuficiência cardíaca (IC) e insuficiência renal (IRC) e definir algumas implicações na prevenção cardiovascular. Desenho do Estudo: Transversal, em duas fases, com componente retrospectivo sobre eventos cardiovasculares major. Atendimento: Centros de Saúde (ARS de Lisboa) – Cuidados de saúde primários. Material e Métodos: Participantes 3228 indivíduos, 1100 do sexo masculino (439 com, A investigação teve o patrocínio da Pentafarma–Tecnimede, Sociedade Técnico-Medicinal.
- Published
- 2003
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