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Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article points out deficiencies in present-day definitions of public health surveillance, which include data collection, analysis, interpretation and dissemination, but not public health action. Controlling a public health problem of concern requires a public health response that goes beyond information dissemination. It is undesirable to have public health divided into data generation processes (public health surveillance) and data use processes (public health response), managed by two separate groups (surveillance experts and policy-makers). It is time to rethink the need to modernize the definition of public health surveillance, inspired by the authors’ enhanced Data, Information, Knowledge, Intelligence and Wisdom model. Our recommendations include expanding the scope of public health surveillance beyond information dissemination to comprise actionable knowledge (intelligence); mandating surveillance experts to assist policy-makers in making evidence-informed decisions; encouraging surveillance experts to become policy-makers; and incorporating public health literacy training – from data to knowledge to wisdom – into the curricula for all public health professionals. Work on modernizing the scope and definition of public health surveillance will be a good starting point.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to evaluate software technical quality for collecting data from patients under palliative care. Methods: this is methodological technology evaluation research, according to the technical standard International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission 25040-2011, developed from August 2021 to August 2023. Eight nurses and eight information technology professionals participated as judges, who evaluated six quality characteristics and 23 subcharacteristics. Items that reached a percentage of agreement greater than 70% were considered suitable. Results: the characteristics evaluated by nurses/information technology professionals received the following percentages of agreement, respectively: functional suitability (94%-84%); reliability (100-70%); usability (89.9-66.8%); performance efficiency (95.8%-86.1%); compatibility (95.8-79.6%); and safety (96%-83.4%). Conclusions: the software was considered suitable in quality evaluation to offer support to nurses in collecting patient data under palliative care, with the potential to operationalize the first Nursing Process stage.

Qualitative research has traditionally relied on specific methodologies for data collection, with interviews being the predominant and preferred approach. Vast quantities of information have been published regarding traditional mechanisms for collecting qualitative data, but few studies have addressed more unconventional mechanisms such as body mapping. This is a distinctive technique commonly used in health sciences. It offers a versatile alternative that encourages participant creativity, reflexivity, and protagonism. It was adapted for use in an educational study with the aim of eliciting participants' constructivist experiences and emotions related to a particular social phenomenon. It was used as part of a descriptive case study which employed two other triangulation techniques, namely semi-structured virtual interviews, and document collection. After the researchers’ reflective processes, it was concluded that body mapping represented an ideal means to facilitate the data collection process. The primary objective of the study, grounded in qualitative research, was to explore the perceptions of five primary English teachers in the Sarapiquí Regional Directorate of Education in Costa Rica regarding the return to in-person education amid the COVID-19 public health crisis. For the body mapping technique, three participants engaged in a face-to-face session, structured into seven phases: map outlining, reflections on distance education, reflections on combined education, reflections on in-person education, finalization of body maps, testimony giving, and concluding reflections on the technique. Although the focus was on in-person education (2022), the distance and combined modalities (2020-2021) were used to activate participants’ prior knowledge and to provide context for the study. This paper demonstrates the procedure followed in applying the body mapping technique for qualitative data collection in a study on the perspective and experiences of teachers, and highlights the valuable insights gained through its use.

Introduction/Frame: Recent pandemic responsiveness has prompted increased online qualitative data collection. Few researchers have offered detailed discussions reflecting on how and/or why they maintained or adjusted in-person data collection techniques for online shifts. This paper pulled on lived experiences from researchers who reflected upon their online data collection practices, galvanized by evidence from peer-reviewed research. Research Question/Objectives: The following research questions guided this project: (1) How did qualitative data collection change when research rapidly shifted online? (2) What were essential elements to consider from in-person to online qualitative data collection practices? Goals and Methods: The goal was to inform qualitative researchers of key concepts to consider in adjusting to online data collection based on a fusion of the literature alongside professional experiences. This applied methodological paper utilized field notebooks and notes from research discussion groups during the transition to online data collection to examine considerations toward responsively revising data collection procedures aligned to online contexts. Results: Our investigation identified eight essential Successfully Applied, Grounded-in-Experience (SAGE) practices to consider in reconceptualizing data collection approaches for online contexts: (1) (re)examining online data collection differences in proximity and amplification of facial-emphasis communication, (2) strengthening awareness of truncated corporal visuality in online contexts, (3) increasing fluency and agility with digital tools, (4) increasing mindfulness of temporal need for visual data over audio-only data, (5) increasing research-oriented professionalism to counterbalance casual social or classroom-styled video chat practices, (6) enhancing researcher reflexivity regarding transcription and field notes, (7) maintaining procedural flexibility and balance regarding potential hybrid data collection, and (8) increasing temporal accessibility vis-à-vis boundaries. Final Considerations: Building from reactionary experiences and guidance during the emergency transition to online data collection modes and approaches, there is a need to reflexively reconceptualize data collection for online contexts.

ABSTRACT The collection of clinical data is an essential step for the development of any scientific research. Online digital data collection can optimize this step. Objective: To compare the response rate and the accuracy of the clinical data collection date through the online and physical digital questionnaire in orthopedic patients. Methods: Comparative study, level III of evidence, with forty patients who had ankle sprains were evaluated, followed up for a period of 12 weeks with the application of physical and digital Visual Analogue Scale, Foot Function Index and Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool questionnaires, and data were collected about the moment of collection of each questionnaire. Results: We obtained a response rate of 83.3% in the digital collection group and 60% in the physical collection group (p < 0.05), and the response rate in the digital collection group was higher at all times of collection (3, 6 and 12 weeks). Analysis of the time of collection shows greater variability in the larger physical collection group at all times of the study (2.8 vs 1.5; 4.0 vs 2.4; 8.6 vs 1.5). Conclusion: Digital data collection is effective for obtaining clinical data in patients with ankle sprains. Level of Evidence III, Comparative, Prospective, Longitudinal Study in Parallel Groups.

Copyright of Aletheia is the property of Aletheia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Infection in humans caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19), diagnosed as pneumonia of unknown cause originally in the city of Wuhan (China) in December 2019, was considered a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Its transmissibility seems to be quite high, affecting almost two million people worldwide and causing more than 130 thousand deaths. It appeared in Brazil in February 2020, initially in the city of São Paulo. It affects more severely the elderly and people with some comorbidities (such as cardiovascular diseases, high blood pressure, diabetes, malignancy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cerebrovascular disease, among others), with a rich clinical symptomatology. Empirical treatments are being tested in more rigorous clinical trials. In the absence of a vaccine to protect the healthy, the strategy of social isolation and treatment with general and / or advanced support measures has been adopted. In this context, it is worth investigating the potential contribution of homeopathy for relieving the distressing symptoms caused by coronavirus in its initial phase, together with monitoring and recording outcomes collected by homeopathic doctors. This national study intends to collect information from suspected or confirmed cases of COVID-19 patients, during the current pandemic in Brazil. The patients will be attended by experienced homeopathic doctors with the prescription of remedies according to the symptoms presented by the patient in the pandemic. All homeopathic medicines are described in the Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia. The effects on patients' health status will be evaluated by means of scores and clinical scales, together with measures on safety, duration of the disease and medicines better related with good results. A standardized and specific questionnaire for COVID-19 had been designed and will be available on google forms to be filled out by doctors during the study. The data will be stored in electronic spreadsheets and will be analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. All patient data will be collected in a completely anonymous way to protect patients' privacy. Patients will be identified exclusively by an alphanumeric code, to be registered in doctors' medical records. Given the pandemic situation, in cases in which face-to-face health care is not obligatory, an information sheet about the study will be sent to the patient in order to get the informed consent. Teleconsultations will take place in some cases for follow-up of patients. In addition to enlarge telemedicine applications for homeopathy, this project also aims to collect useful information that could be used in future randomized and controlled multicenter trials to evaluate the role of homeopathy in epidemic or transmissible diseases. It could also be helpful for designing clinical studies using homeopathic medicines in other diseases or health problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this chapter is to provide researchers with knowledge of the challenges and benefits of moving to virtual platforms to conduct grounded theory studies during the Covid-19 pandemic era and beyond. An overview of grounded theory will be discussed highlighting interviews as the backbone of data collection for this methodology and the need to create a realistic research plan to implement the many steps the research process and document the challenges of this process during pandemic. Implementing qualitative research, including grounded theory studies in times of pandemic has not been an easy task, therefore, leading to a change in the research environment and operationalization of the well-established methods. To this regard, (qualitative) researchers were forced to adapt to virtual methods while trying to preserve the high quality and methodological rigorous of their studies. Thus, before embarking in a grounded theory study, it is important to examine the pros and cons of using online strategies to be able to make decisions related to participants’ recruitment, data collection through interviews and field notes. This chapter also provides practical strategies for scholars to implement grounded theory studies by using virtual platforms and describe the authors personal experiences in developing and supervising grounded theory studies by highlighting the challenges and benefits to both study’s participants and researchers. As the pandemic endures, it is important that researchers are aware of alternative methods for operationalizing their studies and ways of overcoming the challenges of doing recruitment and data collection through virtual means. The authors will conclude by recommending that rather than become worried about the quality of data obtained from an online interview, researchers reflect on the impact that it may have had on capturing the essence of the processes (phenomena) being studied and highlight the need of including the challenges and limitations of the study in the final report. Keywords: qualitative studies; grounded theory; data collection; recruitment; virtual platforms.

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Objective: to report the experience of researchers in conducting online data collection in a survey with a quantitative approach. Method: experience report on the data collection of the survey "Use of personal protective equipment by health professionals in the fight against COVID 19" that took place between August 2020 and March 2021 by means of a self-administered virtual questionnaire. Results: the research was disseminated through the creation of a website and social networks, the sending of a poster accompanied by a specific text with a clickable link through Whatsapp®, contacts by email and phone, in addition to the strategy of seeds. During data collection, complicating and facilitating factors were observed. As a social contribution, the course "Biosafety: Good Practices in the performance in front of COVID-19" was made available. Conclusion: online data collection provided a nationwide survey at low cost, but with little participation from the eligible population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Administração: Ensino e Pesquisa is the property of Administracao: Ensino e Pesquisa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background: Dermoscopy increases the diagnostic accuracy in dermatology. The aspects related to training, usage profile, or perceptions of usefulness of dermoscopy among dermatologists in Brazil have not been described. Objectives: To evaluate the profile of the use of dermoscopy and the perception of the impact of the technique on clinical practice. Methods: The Brazilian Society of Dermatology invited all members to complete an online form with 20 items regarding demographic data, dermatological assistance, use of dermoscopy, and perceptions of the impact of the technique on clinical practice. The proportions between the categories were compared by analysis of residuals in contingency tables, and p-values < 0.01 were considered significant. Results: The answers from 815 associates (9.1% of those invited to participate) were assessed, 84% of whom were female, and 71% of whom were younger than 50 years of age. The use of dermoscopy was reported in the daily practice of 98% of dermatologists: 88% reported using it more than once a day. Polarized light dermoscopy was the most used method (83%) and pattern analysis was the most used algorithm (63%). The diagnosis and follow-up of melanocytic lesions was identified as the main use of the technique, while the benefit for the diagnosis of inflammatory lesions was acknowledged by less than half of the sample (42%). Study limitations: This was a non-randomized study. Conclusion: Dermoscopy is incorporated into the clinical practice of almost all Brazilian dermatologists, and it is recognized for increasing diagnostic certainty in different contexts, especially for pigmented lesions.

ABSTRACT OBJETIVE: To present particular characteristics of two Brazilian National Dietary Surveys (Inquéritos Nacionais de Alimentação - INA) and the methodology used to better compare their data. METHODS: This study details the differences between both INA conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2008–2009 and 2017–2018. We present the alterations in data collecting methods and food composition tables as well as the analysis strategies recommended to obtain such data. A validation study with 95 participants of the third wave of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health assessed the measurement error associated with the procedures adopted in the 24-hours dietary recall of INA 2017–2018. The reference standards were urinary protein recovery, sodium, and potassium biomarkers. Different strategies were used in the analysis of INA to compare two essential dietary items that had their collection method changed: fats and sugars. RESULTS: The validation study indicated lower underreport in the most recent survey with higher means of energy intake. The correlation of means for the 24-hours recalls with their respective biomarkers was 0.58 for proteins, 0.31 for potassium, and 0.30 for sodium. Comparing the food composition tables used in both surveys with the data obtained by INA 2008-2009, the mean variation of energy, macronutrients, and minerals was lower than 15%, except for trans fats and selenium, which had means 40% and 52% lower in the Tabela Brasileira de Composição de Alimentos (TBCA - Brazilian Food Composition Table). INA 2017–2018 presents lower means for added sugar, using a generic question about the frequency of sugar consumption as a measure for sugar as an additional item. CONCLUSION: The methodological changes promoted in the most recent INA enhanced food groups and nutrients intake estimation, adding detailed and specific data in dietary habits reports.

Objective: in this paper, we problematize how online methods were reduced to mere adaptations from previous data collection techniques, and then discuss how some of the idiosyncratic properties of the online scope may drive the development of future, paradigmatic, online qualitative methods. Proposition: we identified five clues for the paradigmatic development of online qualitative methods: (1) the new socialities allowed by online interactions; (2) the processes involved in asserting identities and selves online; (3) the increasing difficulty in distinguishing what is private and what is public online, and what does privacy mean in this context; (4) the increase of participants’ agency in online qualitative research; and (5) the declining distinction between offline and online social phenomena. Conclusion: by using ontological and epistemological assumptions that do not consider the specificities of online experiences, and by focusing excessively on adapting known methods to the new settings, we researchers are bound to conceive the online experience and operate in it using offline categories. This way, we might be missing the opportunity to develop native, paradigmatic, online qualitative methods that, ultimately, would allow for a better understanding of the phenomena we investigate.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to achieve the degree of saturation in study that applied the grounded theory. Methods: qualitative research, carried out in four Family Health Units, between June 2018 and May 2019. The data from the interviews with 30 health professionals and non-participant observation were coded in the stages: open, axial and integration. Results: the degree of saturation was achieved by two conceptual models - theoretical saturation and inductive thematic. Theoretical saturation was considered: the development of conceptual codes and observation, in the collection and analysis of data, when they generated new categories/subcategories or only indicated increasing instances. For thematic inductive saturation, the use of new codes based on each interview stood out. Final Considerations: the visual layout for the number of codes, the theoretical scope of the concepts and the delimitation of the sample groups guided the identification of the degree of saturation for the development of the conceptual body that supported the substantive theory.

The new coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has had profound impacts on society, affecting physical and mental health as well as family interactions. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have been used in research with families in order to understand relational dynamics during the pandemic and to guarantee the continuity of studies previously started. The aim of this study is to present possible adaptations, for the online modality, of data collection procedures in research involving observation of family interactions. This is a methodological article, in which potentials of online observation are discussed, such as greater geographic coverage and ecological validity, but also challenges, such as the difficulty of standardizing data collection procedures, due to variability in the quality of equipment and Internet connection. Technical aspects are highlighted to assist researchers in the selection of audio/video equipment and platforms for videoconference, as well as in planning and conducting data collection. Online observation can enable researchers to understand the complexity of family dynamics during social distancing and after the pandemic as well, comprising an effective research strategy for the study of families in different contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The preparation of an interview script is a crucial step to ensure the success of a study. Objective: Describe the process of construction, validation, and adaptation of an instrument aimed at surveying young adults living in subnormal clusters. Method: Based on the Social Determinants of Health and the theme of youth, initial versions of two interview scripts were prepared between October and December 2017 for later validation and application: one aimed at young adults living in subnormal clusters and another at Primary Health Care (PHC) workers. After that, pretests were performed and the final versions were produced. Results: Content validation was conducted by a group of nine specialist judges. Overall, instrument comprehensiveness received the worst evaluation in the script aimed at the PHC workers, whereas lack of necessary items was pointed out by 44.4% of the judges in the script aimed at the young adults. Both scripts were well assessed regarding comprehensibility, objectivity, and pertinence. After validation, the scripts were applied to three PHC workers and three young adults living in subnormal clusters. Problems with question order and theme chaining were identified. Conclusion: The final scripts approached the interview to a proposal for greater dialogue between researcher and participant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public health establishment make up the municipal public health network of cities, and for these develop a quality service that allows access to the population is of fundamental importance know the characteristics of these places. So the objective of this work is to characterize the public health establishments in the city of Jataí - Goiás using the KoBoToolbox system, testing like this the tools it has for health area. The proposal to use this tool took place in the optional discipline Landscape analysis using Open Data Kit (ODK) and KoBoToolbox, in the graduate program in Geography. For the development of activities, the questionnaire was structured in the office and in the field we use the KoBoToolbox by mobile phone, allowing the displacement for healthcare facilities. In the Jataí city has nine basic health units and the Clinical Hospital that performs besides the basic services, medium and high complexity services for city and region residents. The System proved to be a very effective tool for the development of field activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Objective To analyze the factors associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in women with cervical cancer (CC) in a single center in Rio de Janeiro, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional study in women with a diagnosis of CC followed-up in the gynecology outpatient clinic of the Hospital do Câncer II (HCII, in the Portuguese acronym) of the Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA, in the Portuguese acronym). The data were collected from March to August 2015. Women with palliative care, communication/cognition difficulty, undergoing simultaneous treatment for other types of cancer, or undergoing chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy were excluded. For the evaluation of the HRQoL, a specific questionnaire for women with CC was used (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Cervix Cancer [FACT-Cx]). The total score of the questionnaire ranges from 0 to 168, with higher scores indicating a better HRQoL. Results A total of 115 women were included in the present study, with a mean age of 52.64 years old (standard deviation [SD] = 12.13). The domains of emotional (16.61; SD = 4.55) and functional well-being (17.63; SD = 6.15) were those which presented the worst scores. The factors that had an association with better HRQoL in women with CC were having a current occupation, a longer time since the treatment and diagnosis, and women who had undergone hysterectomy. Conclusion Considering the domains of HRQoL of the women treated for cervical cancer, a better score was observed in the domains of physical and social/family wellbeing. For most domains, better scores were found between those with a current occupation, with a longer time after the diagnosis and treatment, and among those who had undergone a hysterectomy.

Vignettes are scenarios used in many areas of academic research, whose main application is related to situations in which judgments about people are subject to biases or distortions. Despite the wide use of vignettes in surveys, the recommendations for their creation are limited in the literature. Thus, this study aims to review and describe criteria presented in the literature for robust textualization of vignettes. This study presents a literature review on the use of vignettes and describes a minimum set of criteria (plausibility, clarity, simplicity, content validity and analogy between the vignette and the construct) for the judicious application of this methodology. They have presented four vignettes constructed from the literature review and validated by panel of experts, with the purpose of capturing the perception of respondents on the protagonists’ actions in scenarios about co-creation value in a health service. In this way, the study conceives the essential elements for the development of this methodology.

Copyright of Revista Pretexto is the property of Revista Pretexto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)