145 results on '"evil"'
Search Results
2. Freud: da perversão à pulsão de morte um percurso criminológico.
- Author
-
Felipe de Castro, Matheus
- Subjects
- *
DEVIANT behavior , *NINETEENTH century , *DEMONOLOGY , *PSYCHOANALYSIS , *CRIMINOLOGY , *GOOD & evil , *SUBJECTIVITY , *SOUL - Abstract
The essay presents psychoanalysis as a rupture with the positivist method of the 19th century, offering to criminology, then dominated by the etiological paradigm and medical knowledge, the subversive approach of the subject. It recovers the transition from the problem of a “general theory of evil”, from demonology to criminology, moving from a grammar based on religion, soul and evil, to one based on science, body and deviance. It presents how the problem was approached by Freud from his studies on “polymorphic perversion”, moving from the understanding of the abnormal to the normal. It relates the Kantian problem of “radical evil” with the Freudian “death drive”, seeking to understand the triad aggressiveness/violence/cruelty as a normal dimension of “speaking beings”. Finally, it presents the possibilities of a criminology of interactions from Freud’s cultural point of view. The approach method is the deductive one, starting from selected theorizations of Freud. The method of procedure is that of the essayistic organization of arguments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. EL DILEMA DEL MAL.
- Author
-
Pérez, Juan José
- Subjects
- *
NATURAL law , *HUMANISM , *THEISM , *GOOD & evil , *THEODICY , *PSYCHOLOGICAL distress , *FREE will & determinism - Abstract
Evil exists in more than one form and should not be trivialized. Non-Christian worldviews show a great simplicity in relation to the subject. For cosmic humanism, evil is nothing more than an illusion or karma; therefore, it must be overcome or accepted. For naturalism, evil is the result of bad luck or chance; therefore, you have to get rid of it or get used to it. For some religionists, evil is the result of sin; therefore, one must repent and endure it. But, Christian theism recognizes from the Scriptures the complexity of the matter. Recognize that it is not a one-variable equation. That explains the number of theodicies that have been proposed: positive arguments, the greater good, free will, natural law, etc. But Christian theism not only proposes a complex answer to the existence of evil, but also presents the solution. God's decisive solution is not in a philosophy, but in a person, Christ, the Suffering Servant; and God's definitive solution will be in the consummation, when after having carried out His plan of redemption through the work of Christ and He makes all things new, where there will be no more sin (called moral evil), nor more damn; therefore, there will never be any anguish, neither tears nor pain (bad situation). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Mal y Belleza en la Summa Halensis: ¿cooperación u oposición?
- Author
-
Hugo Costarelli Brandi
- Subjects
beauty ,evil ,summa halensis ,alexander of hales ,aesthetics ,Philosophy. Psychology. Religion - Abstract
The philosophical scoping often observes that both ugliness and evil have no entity and therefore can only be thought as diminished beauty and goodness. However, this diminishing entitlement is not only a lack, but may also bring about the possibility of greater beauty and goodness. In this sense, thinking about the beauty of evil has not been for many ancient and medieval authors a logical impossibility, but on the contrary a new way of speaking about the Beauty of the Universe. For many ancient and medieval authors, thinking of the beauty of evil has not been a logical impossibility, but on the contrary, a new way of speaking of the Beauty of the Universe. This has been the Augustinian and Dionysian approach, and it is also the one assumed by the well-known Summa Halensis, although from a perspective whose originality lies in the integration of these traditions. The intention of the present work is to analyze how the Summa Halensis understands that beauty is capable of integrating evil.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. COMPAIXÃO E RESPONSABILIDADE MORAL EM ENTERRE SEUS MORTOS, DE ANA PAULA MAIA.
- Author
-
Coelho, Lilian
- Subjects
- *
VULTURES , *STRANGERS , *ARGUMENT , *DECISION making , *RELIGIONS , *COMPASSION , *KINDNESS - Abstract
This article presents a reading of the narrative Enterre seus mortos (2018), by the contemporary Brazilian writer Ana Paula Maia, under the argument that, by deciding to bury the bodies of strangers at any cost so that they are not devoured by vultures, the character Edgar Wilson sets up an improbable act of compassion in an unnamed place where a precarious and almost animal life prevails. The characters, albeit in devious ways, cling to religion and Bible verses as the only glimpse of a possible life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. NÃO HÁ SALVAÇÃO PARA A HUMANIDADE: UMA ANÁLISE INTERTEXTUAL ENTRE GÊNESIS 6-9 E O CONTO "NA ARCA", DE MACHADO DE ASSIS.
- Author
-
Iglesias Martins, Lucas Alamino
- Subjects
- *
FAMILY leave , *SALVATION , *HUMAN beings , *GOOD & evil , *CORRUPTION , *INTEGRITY - Abstract
The biblical narrative of the flood acquired an archetypal character regarding the theme of salvation. Throughout history, scholars of the book of Genesis have explored the redemptive nature of this account by highlighting Noah's integrity (Genesis 6:9) in face of the corruption that permeated mankind (Genesis 6:1-7). However, despite mentioning the integrity of the main character, this does not seem to be the unique focus of the biblical account. Paradoxically, Genesis 6-9 is a model narrative to understand the complexity of human evil emphasizing that no human being deserves salvation. Following the same interpretative path, the shor story "Na arca", by Machado de Assis, adds chapters to the biblical account, proposing that, despite being in the ark, Noah's family has an evil heart, like all mankind. After all, acting like beasts in the ark, the place of salvation would be shaken. Thus, this article aims to intertextually analyze the relationship between the narrative of Genesis 6-9 in its synchronic form and Machado de Assis' short story. We seek to investigate how the short story can broaden the understanding of this narrative, often restricted to an interpretive tradition. Machado's approach seems to shed light on the tension already present in the biblical text between salvation and evil. After all, in Genesis 8:21, as Noah and his family left the ark, God makes the following statement: "every man's heart is evil". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. A FIGURA DE EICHMANN E A FACULDADE DO PENSAR EM HANNAH ARENDT.
- Author
-
Luiz Oliveira, José and Relher, Jhonatan
- Subjects
SUPERFICIALITY ,HOLOCAUST, 1939-1945 ,GOOD & evil ,JEWS ,DISASTERS - Abstract
Copyright of Aufklärung: Revista de Filosofia is the property of Aufklarung: Revista de Filosofia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. NO BALANÇO DAS BRUXAS, DE FRANKLIN CASCAES: UM ESTUDO ACERCA DO MAL A PARTIR DE PRESSUPOSTOS DOS ESTUDOS DO IMAGINÁRIO E DA MEMÓRIA.
- Author
-
Preis Moraes, Heloisa Juncklaus, Bressan da Costa, Luiza Liene, and Voltolini Fernandes, Ana Caroline
- Subjects
POPULAR culture ,GOOD & evil ,IMAGINATION ,MEMORY ,HERMENEUTICS ,PRAYER - Abstract
Copyright of Conexão Letras is the property of Conexao Letras and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Sobre o paradoxo da iniquidade: por uma crítica da razão teodiceica em tempos de coronavírus -- uma discussão fenomenológica a partir do diálogo com Santo Agostinho, Hannah Arendt e o pensamento decolonial.
- Author
-
Marques Cabral, Alexandre
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,SARS-CoV-2 ,SPACE groups ,PANDEMICS ,PREPAREDNESS - Abstract
Copyright of Ekstasis: Revista de Hermenêutica e Fenomenologia is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. BANALIZAÇÃO DO MAL NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE E OS EFEITOS NECROPOLÍTICOS NA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA.
- Author
-
Fernandes de Carvalhaes, Flávia, Bianchi Silva, Rafael, and Bonetti Lima, Alexandre
- Subjects
- *
INTERPERSONAL relations , *EQUALITY , *BRAZILIANS , *PREJUDICES , *DEATH rate - Abstract
The brazilian society is crossed by violence, prejudice and authoritarianism, materialized in death rates and social inequalities that resemble a country at war. The main targets of these indexes, invariably, are the so-called social minorities formed by LGBTI (particularly transsexual), poor, indigenous, black, women, among others. At the same time, we note that authoritarianism, violence and prejudice have taken on explicit materiality as a State policy (at its different levels of government), and supported by a large portion of the population. Contemporaneously, can be note that authoritarianism, violence and prejudice have taken on explicit materiality as a State policy (at its different levels of government), and supported by a large portion of the population. In this article, from a theoretical reflection, we argue that such occurrences do not start recently, but have historical matrixes not properly elaborated by Brazilian society, acting in this way, in their intersubjectivities. To support the argument, the article is organized into three interrelated blocks of analysis. Initially, we discussed the modern coloniality that still persists in relations between peripheral and central countries. Then, using Hanna Arendt as a reference, we problematize the potential of banal evil to ensnare and circumscribe the colonial system through the invisibility of otherness in human relations. We ended with a debate on the effects of colonial violence in Brazil, concealed through the circulation of the myths of the cordiality and pacifism of the Brazilian population and that of racial democracy, imposing forgetfulness of our history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Le Retour de la Théodicée et le Défi de la « Théodicée du Retour »
- Author
-
Paul Clavier
- Subjects
Richard Swinburne ,theodicy ,God ,evil ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content: "Francis Wolff a plus d’une corde à son arc. Outre sa défense et illustration de la « philosophie générale », outre sa promotion d’une métaphysique descriptive qui procède par figures empruntées aux Anciens, outre son ontologie anthropologique, outre sa philosophie de la musique, sans oublier sa philosophie taurine, Francis Wolff aborde le problème de la théodicée. Il le fait avec une force et une netteté peu communes. Non que le problème fût absent des esprits, mais son traitement pouvait avoir tendance à se couvrir de l’autorité de la chose jugée : « depuis Kant nous savons que toute théodicée est vouée à l’insuccès... Kierkegaard a bien montré que le mal se résout dans le désespoir, Hans Jonas nous a appris que Dieu, réduit à l’impuissance, n’est pour rien dans le mal qui défigure l’être humain... ». Sans ignorer ces considérations, Francis Wolff a inauguré un véritable « retour de la théodicée » sur la scène philosophique francophone, en réclamant un réexamen des termes mêmes du problème."
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Le diable: origines et avatars
- Author
-
Maria Cristina Batalha
- Subjects
Devil ,Evil ,Jacques Cazotte ,General Works - Abstract
Among the multiples thematic components that have a role in the Fantastic Fiction, this study aims at analyzing the particular case of the myth of the Devil, from the Greek diabállein, that means “to separate”, but also “to mislead”. From this double meaning, it is examined more specifically the novel Le diable amoureux (1722), by Jacques Cazotte, the melting pot of the different sources which are at the origin of the emergence of Fantastic Literature and the figure of Devil. In the eighteenth century, this presence remains as the emblematic representation of the Evil, but its actualization in the different novels of the time suggests a familiarity until then unusual.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. O MAL, A MATÉRIA E A LEI EM MOISÉS MAIMÔNIDES.
- Author
-
Cavaleiro de Macedo, Cecilia Cintra
- Subjects
JEWISH law ,THEODICY ,PHILOSOPHERS ,GOOD & evil - Abstract
Copyright of Trans/Form/Ação is the property of Trans/Form/Acao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. BIOÉTICA DAS VERDADES E A EXCEÇÃO IMANENTE: SOBRE POLÍTICA, MATEMÁTICA E ÉTICA NO SISTEMA FILOSÓFICO DE ALAIN BADIOU.
- Author
-
Roland Madarasz, Norman
- Subjects
BIOETHICS ,MATHEMATICS ,PHILOSOPHY ,PRACTICAL politics - Abstract
Copyright of Veritas is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Rui Nunes ao espelho da Europa.
- Author
-
Rita, Annabela
- Subjects
COLLECTIVE representation ,LEGAL self-representation ,MEDIATION ,AESTHETICS - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Soletras is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Necessary Illusions: Life, Death and the Construction of Meaning
- Author
-
James Hardie-Bick
- Subjects
Ernest Becker ,Evil ,Existentialism ,Death ,Immortality ,Ernst Becker ,mal ,existencialismo ,muerte ,inmortalidad ,Social legislation ,K7585-7595 - Abstract
This paper introduces the work of the late cultural anthropologist Ernest Becker. Becker argued that the cause of human suffering is directly related to the strategies people use to cope with their mortality awareness. By concentrating on his last two books, The Denial of Death (1973) and Escape from Evil (1975), the aim of this paper is to provide an overview of Becker’s mature theory to show how his work on destructiveness is necessary for developing a socially engaged social theory. Whilst his theory on the human condition explores some of the darkest aspects of human existence, by examining why people are capable of extreme forms of cruelty Becker directly encouraged an honest dialogue concerning our existential predicament. This paper highlights the necessity of Becker’s theory of evil for opening up new possibilities for living in a more humane world. Este artículo presenta el trabajo del antropólogo cultural Ernest Becker. Becker argumentó que la causa del sufrimiento humano está directamente relacionada con las estrategias que usan las personas para hacer frente a su conciencia de mortalidad. Analizando sus dos últimos libros, La negación de la muerte (1973) y La lucha contra el mal (1975), el objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer una visión general de la teoría madura de Becker para demostrar cómo su estudio sobre la destructividad es necesario para desarrollar una teoría social socialmente comprometida. A pesar de que su teoría sobre la condición humana explora algunos de los aspectos más oscuros de la existencia humana, Becker directamente fomenta un diálogo honesto sobre nuestro predicamento existencial, examinando por qué las personas son capaces de formas extremas de crueldad. Este artículo destaca la necesidad de la teoría de Becker del mal, para facilitar nuevas posibilidades de vivir en un mundo más humano. DOWNLOAD THIS PAPER FROM SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2619408
- Published
- 2015
17. Escape from Evil? Notes on Capacity, Tragedy, Coding and Non-Destructive Immortality Projects
- Author
-
Ronnie Lippens
- Subjects
Ernest Becker ,evil ,non-destructive immortality projects ,human capacity ,coding as tragedy ,mal ,proyectos de inmortalidad no destructiva ,capacidad humana ,codificación como tragedia ,Social legislation ,K7585-7595 - Abstract
Like James Hardie-Bick’s (2015) contribution this paper elaborates on the importance for socio-legal studies of Ernest Becker’s (1924-1974) work on the destructive consequences of human … all too human forms of death denial. With Becker, it makes an attempt to think through the question, ‘Is it possible, in the light of the human condition, to escape evil?’ Terminally ill by the early 1970s, Becker himself was left no time to complete his thoughts on this matter. Focussing on the point where Becker left the discussion when he died in 1974 we make an attempt here, still with an eye on the aforementioned question, to explore the work of a number of philosophers whose work we know Becker was familiar with: Benedictus de Spinoza, Henri Bergson, and Albert Camus. In their work, it is argued here, one could find elements towards thinking through the question of evil, and the (im)possibility of escaping it. Al igual que el artículo de James Hardie-Bick (2015), este artículo profundiza en la importancia que tiene para los estudios sociojurídicos el trabajo de Ernest Becker (1924-1974) sobre las consecuencias destructivas del ser humano… y la tan humana negación de la muerte. Con Becker, se realiza un intento de reflexionar sobre esta pregunta: “Es posible, a la luz de la condición humana, escapar del mal? Enfermo terminal a comienzos de los años 70, el propio Becker no tuvo tiempo de completar sus pensamientos sobre este asunto. Centrándonos en el punto en el que Becker dejó el debate, cuando murió en 1974, y sin perder de vista esta pregunta, se intenta analizar el trabajo de una serie de filósofos, con el que estaba familiarizado Becker: Benedictus de Spinoza, Henri Bergson y Albert Camus. Se defiende que en su trabajo se pueden encontrar elementos que hacen pensar sobre la cuestión del mal, y la (im)posibilidad de escapar de él.DOWNLOAD THIS PAPER FROM SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2619429
- Published
- 2015
18. La ‘cuestión’ del mal y la Modernidad. A propósito de una lectura desde Walter Benjamin
- Author
-
Alexánder Hincapié
- Subjects
Evil ,modernity ,education ,cosmopolitism ,culture. ,Social Sciences ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This paper presents the “question” of evil in direct relation to modernity. The proposed theses hold that evil cannot be studied by searching for its origins, but by inscribing it within specific historical and cultural coordinates. In this case, the coordinates are located in the modern world and a Modernity that launched the promise of progress and in fact opened the door to anthropological correction, disguising it as a necessary gesture for re-founding humanity itself.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Organizações Totalitárias: Modus Operandi e Fundamentos.
- Author
-
Kanashiro Meneghetti, Francis
- Abstract
This essay is the outcome of reflections based on a ten-year study conducted from historical analysis about the Einsatzgruppen, the Auschwitz complex, and the extermination camp of Operation Reinhard - Sobibór, Belzec, Treblinka, all of which made up the Nazi State, and terrorist organizations such as Al-Qaeda and ISIS, present in several countries through a networking of cooperative cells. These organizations have been active in the context of the Modernity Era, characterized by the prevalence of capital sociometabolic reproduction and the institution of instrumental rationality. The totalitarian organizations have their own modus operandi in promoting murder and the systematic and planned annihilation of people, generally preceded by the use of violence. Despite these singularities, they all fundamentally aim to establish a policy of social terror, practice human annihilation, and foster the institution of evil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Paul Ricoeur e um novo conceito de interpretação: da hermenêutica dos símbolos à hermenêutica do discurso.
- Author
-
Tavares, Manuel
- Subjects
DISCOURSE analysis ,HERMENEUTICS - Abstract
Copyright of Veritas is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Kant e Rousseau: religião e teodiceia nas Anotações nas Observações sobre o Sentimento do Belo e do Sublime.
- Author
-
Cunha, Bruno
- Abstract
Highlighting the debate with Rousseau, my objective in this paper is to stress, through the analysis of some of these Notes and with the aid of some passages of other texts, the new Kant's conceptions on the religion and theodicy in the middle of 1760. Specifically, I try to show that by critically appropriating Rousseau's thought, Kant is led to the first formulations of an innovative answer to the questions of moral evil and God's justice. This answer will result in the rupture with Leibniz and consequently in the contours more essential of the ethics and philosophy of religion which will appear as definitive philosophical doctrines in Kant's maturity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
22. Paul Ricoeur e um novo conceito de interpretação: da hermenêutica dos símbolos à hermenêutica do discurso.
- Author
-
Gomes, Manuel Tavares
- Abstract
Copyright of Ekstasis: Revista de Hermenêutica e Fenomenologia is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Traces of the Platonic Theory of Evil in the Theaetetus
- Author
-
Viktor Ilievski
- Subjects
Plato ,evil ,Theaetetus ,Timaeus ,good ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
The purpose of this article is to offer analysis of the passage on evil in the Theaetetus 176a4-8. I submit that it stands in anticipatory relation to Plato’s mature theory of evil, as it can be deduced from the Timaeus. My assumption is that in the Theaetetus passage two contrary principles are postulated, one of which is the cause of good, while the other is the cause of evil. In order to support that assumption, I shall argue that a) Plato’s doctrine of the Forms is present in the Theaetetus Digression; b) the word ‘good’ at 176a6 refers to Plato’s highest entity – αὐτὸ ἀγαθόν; c) τὰ κακά of 176a5 are not to be identified with the opposite of τὸ ἀγαθόν mentioned in the same line; d) the ὑπεναντίον of 176a6, the subordinated opposite of τὸ ἀγαθόν, and the second ἀνάγκη in the passage (176a8) could denote the same entity, i.e. the Timaean Necessity
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. The Concept of Justice: How Fundamental is it in Ethics and Political Philosophy?
- Author
-
Christoph Horn
- Subjects
justice ,good ,evil ,mill ,rawls ,Philosophy. Psychology. Religion ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 ,Ethics ,BJ1-1725 - Abstract
This article attempts to challenge those contemporary philosophical approaches to justice (and this is the majority of them) which ascribe to the notion of justice a dominant role within ethics and political philosophy. In the first section, this overestimation of justice is traced back to J.S. Mill (and to John Rawls). After having pointed out some of the essential features of the Millian (and Rawlsian) concept, I show how far these attributes are away from what we (in our everyday language) mean by the word ‚justice’. Finally, I try to spell out what might be more plausibly seen as the focus of our shared moral intuition, and to highlight to which extent there is an overlap with our common idea of justice.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. PROUST NO CAMINHO DO MAL: O DESVIO DA ESCRITA.
- Author
-
de Souza, Francisco Renato
- Abstract
Based on a reading of the book Literature and Evil by the philosopher Georges Bataille, this article analyzes the notion of Evil present in Marcel Proust's novel In Search of Lost Time, taking as the basis the narrator's (un)satisfied relationship with his beloved Albertine, and also the notion of deviation established by the narrator regarding certain characters' homosexuality. From (un)satisfaction and sexual deviance, Proust's work may have some aspects in common with Bataille's Evil, as for him these topics also become the basis of a narrative structure which, through discursive movement, moves away increasingly from the space of Good, which would become the space of satisfaction, standard behavior and objectivity. In Search of Lost Time is thus configured as the space of error, of ambiguity, of deviation -- the space of Evil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. PLOTINO E O PROBLEMA DAS ORIGENS NA METAFÍSICA SUBJETIVO-OBJETIVA.
- Author
-
Schubert Coelho, Humberto
- Abstract
Copyright of Aufklärung: Revista de Filosofia is the property of Aufklarung: Revista de Filosofia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. O mal e a coerência do sistema kantiano.
- Author
-
de Lourdes Alves Borges, Maria
- Abstract
In this article, I aim atanalyzing the coherence of the concept of evil regarding the Kantian system. First, I show the surprise of having a work on Religion in a philosophy that aimed at eliminating God from the realm of critical philosophy. Second I show that some commentators try to solve this problem showing that there is a coherence among the many aspects of Kantian philosophy. However, the relation between the concept of radical evil and his analogous original sin made some commentators to refuse the thesis of coherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. A VIOLÊNCIA NO LÓGOS: UMA PROVOCAÇÃO ÉTICA.
- Author
-
Leite de Lima, Priscila Maria
- Abstract
The philosophical reason - logos - is seen as able to oppose violence. However, when reflecting on the horrors carried out by the potency of reason, it becomes clear an intrinsic relationship between logos and violence, from which results the generative evil of pain and suffering. Crossed by violence, logos shows itself not only violent but also violated. Our journey begins with Hegel's reflection on the "domestication" of the negative, which ends valuing it inside the dialectical movement. Then Weil's thought clarifies that man forms himself from the progress of his rational constitution, relating the extinction of violence with the absolutely coherent discourse. Finally, Derrida's perspective leads to the ethical choice of the "economy of violence", in which one must choose the lesser evil in tackling the most destructive forms of violence, seeking possible peace. Violence is the very reality of life and inseparable from it, it's a visible expression of the ambiguity of all being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. O Problema do Mal no Cristianismo, Hinduísmo e Budismo: Uma Abordagem Teosófica.
- Author
-
Lindemann, Ricardo
- Abstract
Despite the Problem of Evil was known with some variants at least since Epicurus in antiquity, it was intended to summarize it contemporaneously in three propositions: [1] God is Omnipotent; [2] God is wholly good; [3] and yet evil exists. It was thus published in 1955 by the philosopher John Leslie Mackie, in his article Evil and Omnipotence, known for its logical acuity. From its critical-investigative analysis, its solution is sought by reflection on such classic human inquiries with works of several authors, aiming to offer a contribution to Philosophy of Religion, as well as a comparative study of solutions coming from different traditions of Christianity, Hinduism and Buddhism in the sphere of Science of Religion, as a stimulus for interreligious dialogue. Our approach has greatly privileged the modern perspective of Theosophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
30. A moralidade bíblica.
- Author
-
de Oliveira, Ricardo Mendes
- Abstract
This study has been devoted to the origin of good and evil in the Bible, in order to demystify the biblical morality, literary and historical sources were used that date back some biblical stories and they were compared to pagan stories. We used the Bible and Paradise Lost by John Milton, comparing the character God of these two books. The result was that God lies or at least He favors mendacities, then the morality of the Bible is a myth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. A tese leibniziana do melhor dos mundos possíveis.
- Author
-
Rateau, Paul
- Abstract
Copyright of Analytica: Revista de Filosofia is the property of Analytica. Revista de Filosofia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
32. La ética como respuesta al sufrimiento inútil en Emmanuel Levinas
- Author
-
Analía Giménez Giubbani
- Subjects
Suffering ,evil ,theodicy ,God ,responsibility ,Philosophy. Psychology. Religion - Abstract
The aim of this article is to theme the ethic matter in Levinas’ philosophy as a reply to the senseless pain. Through the analysis of pain the author reaches the infinity of the responsibility to the Other, shown in his/her face, and consequently in God. The first part of this paper deals with the problem of evil from a phenomenological point of view and its consequences; the second part refers to what Levinas calls the “end of theodicy”- which comes from the historical events of the twentieth century. Finally, in a shortened approach, this paper exposes the coming of God to the idea through the meeting with the Other and the duty of giving an answer for his/her suffering.
- Published
- 2012
33. Análise cultural do torrão dos infernos: imaginário do mal nas poéticas de Dante Milano e Nauro Machado
- Author
-
Alexandre Fernandes Corrêa
- Subjects
anthropology ,imaginary ,literature ,evil ,poetry ,dante milano ,nauro machado ,French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature ,PQ1-3999 - Abstract
This is an introduction to the cultural analysis of the imaginary of evil expressed in two works by Brazilian poets from different regions of the country. It is a com- parative study of the poetry of Dante Milano (RJ) and Nauro Machado (MA), through which we propose an archaeological excavation of the remains of the representation of evil in social and literary unconscious.
- Published
- 2012
34. A literatura — o mal — e a infância
- Author
-
Ana Maria Clark Peres
- Subjects
literatura francesa ,Georges Bataille ,Lautréamont ,Sade ,psicanálise ,mal ,infância ,Littérature française ,psychanalyse ,enfance ,French literature ,psychoanalysis ,evil ,childhood ,Language and Literature ,Romanic languages ,PC1-5498 ,French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature ,PQ1-3999 - Abstract
A partir de uma interlocução com a psicanálise, este ensaio busca refletir sobre a questão do mal na literatura, mais exatamente, sobre suas manifestações em textos de Bataille, Lautréamont e Sade, procurando compreender esse "mal" como a atualização do infantil na cena da escrita.En partant d’une interlocution avec la psychanalyse, cet essai cherche à réfléchir sur la question du mal dans la littérature, plus exactement, sur ses manifestations dans des textes de Bataille, Lautréamont et Sade, en essayant de comprendre ce "mal" comme l’actualisation de l’infantile dans la scène de l’écriture.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. O parricídio como espetáculo da violência: O dia em que matei meu pai
- Author
-
Aileen El-Kadi
- Subjects
parricide ,spectacle ,performance ,evil ,hyperreality ,mario sabino ,French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature ,PQ1-3999 - Abstract
The first person narrative voice in the novel by Mario Sabino, O dia em que matei meu pai, builds an universe composed of two coordinates, one follows the logic of subjective pleasure/perversion where the characters show social pathology des- cribed by the narrator as a result of a context governed by psychological violence and amorality, and where the dynamics is always erotic, the other component is spectacular as the axis from which the characters seem to represent roles built based on stereotypes that arise from mass culture. The father’s murder by the protagonist and the way he confesses the crime at the beginning of the novel com- bine the two core values we find in the author’s aesthetic proposed: the amount of violence and spectacle for the representation of contemporary society.
- Published
- 2011
36. Is maternal deprivation the root of all evil?
- Author
-
Karyn B. Purvis and David R. Cross
- Subjects
maternal deprivation ,evil ,depravity ,development ,parenting ,privación materna ,maldad ,depravación ,desarrollo ,crianza de los hijos ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
In this paper we seriously entertain the question, “Is maternal deprivation the root of all evil?” Our consideration of this question is broken down into three parts. In the fi rst part, we discuss the nature of evil, focusing in particular on the legal concept of depravity. In the second part, we discuss the nurture of evil, focusing in particular on the common developmental trajectory seen in those who are depraved. In the third part, we discuss the roots of evil, focusing in particular on the animal and human research regarding maternal deprivation. Our conclusion is that maternal deprivation may actually be the root of all evil, but only because depraved individuals have been deprived of normative maternal care, which is the cradle of our humanity.
- Published
- 2008
37. O QUANTO O MAL HORRENDO DIMINUI A PROBABILIDADE DA EXISTÊNCIA DE DEUS? UMA AVALIAÇÃO DO ARGUMENTO PROBABILISTICO CONTRA A EXISTÊNCIA DE DEUS A PARTIR DA ANALOGIA DOS PAIS
- Author
-
Reis de Oliveira, Gabriel
- Subjects
Skeptical Theism ,Evil ,Analogy of Parents ,Wykstra ,Rowe ,Teísmo Cético ,Mal ,Analogia dos Pais - Abstract
I draw the argument of William R. Rowe (1979, 1984, 1988, 1996) that defends the low probability of the existence of God in given our ignorance of the goods resulting from the horrendous evils in the world. After explaining this argument, I present the answer proposed by Stephen Wykstra (1984, 1996), which became known as "skeptical theism". Then I move on to evaluate a crucial point in Wykstra's defense, which is the parental analogy. The parental analogy is the view that the knowledge of God, compared to ours, is analogous to the knowledge of a parent compared to a human children of a month old. In this way, even if there were goods that proceed from the horrendous evils allowed by God, we would probably be ignorant about some of them. Wykstra and Rowe's debate about the parent analogy has continued for almost twenty years, at the end of the past decade. My overall aim is do a critical analysis the parental analogy to determine to what extent Rowe's probabilistic argument decreases the probability that existence of God., Recorro ao argumento de William R. Rowe (1979, 1984, 1988, 1996) que defende a baixa probabilidade da existência de Deus tendo em vista a nossa ignorância dos bens decorrentes dos males horrendos presentes no mundo. Depois de explicar esse argumento, apresento a resposta proposta por Stephen Wykstra (1984, 1996), que ficou conhecida como “teísmo cético”. Em seguida, passo a avaliar um ponto crucial da defesa de Wykstra, que é a analogia dos pais. A analogia dos pais é a visão de que o conhecimento de Deus, comparado ao nosso, é análogo ao conhecimento de um pai comparado a um bebê humano de um mês de idade. Desse modo, mesmo que houvessem bens decorrentes dos males horrendos permitidos por Deus, provavelmente seríamos ignorantes acerca de alguns deles. O debate de Wykstra e Rowe sobre a analogia dos pais se manteve por quase vinte anos, no final da década passada. Meu objetivo geral é analisar criticamente a analogia dos pais para determinar em que medida o argumento probabilístico de Rowe diminui a probabilidade de Deus existir.
- Published
- 2021
38. O mal como privação Evil as privation
- Author
-
Selma Aparecida Bassoli
- Subjects
mal ,falta ,privação ,Kant ,evil ,lack ,privation ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
O presente artigo procura mostrar como Kant utiliza o conceito matemático de grandeza negativa para caracterizar o mal como privação e como este será, posteriormente, a base do seu conceito de mal radical.This paper attempts to show how Kant makes use of the mathematical concept of negative magnitude in order to characterize evil as privation and how the latter may be later considered the basis of his concept of radical evil.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. The problem of evil in contemporary world in Hannah Arendt's thought
- Author
-
Vaz, Éden Farias, Silva, Adriano Correia, Lopes, Adriana Delbó, and Reis, Helena Esser dos
- Subjects
Problema do mal ,Crimes against humanity ,Crimes contra a humanidade ,Radical evil ,Banalidade do mal ,Banality of evil ,Mal Radical ,FILOSOFIA [CIENCIAS HUMANAS] ,Mal ,Problem of evil ,Evil - Abstract
A tese se propõe investigar o problema do mal no mundo hodierno a partir de considerações de Hannah Arendt e das suas noções de mal radical e de banalidade do mal. Além disso, a pesquisa abarca um conjunto de filósofos, personalidades, personagens, reflexões e episódios que podem clarificar as proporções extremas a qual o mal pode atingir em certos ambientes políticos. Parte-se, portanto, da análise daquilo que pensamento de Arendt poderia contribuir para compreender fenômenos recentes que envolvem o cenário político atual, bem como revisa o problema do mal ao longo do pensamento à luz de Immanuel Kant responsável por conceber o conceito de mal radical ressignificado por Arendt no contexto da obra As Origens do Totalitarismo. Também alude a questão do mal-pelo-mal, mencionado por Kant e Arendt, mas jamais aprofundados em seus próprios pensamentos. O texto também se propõe esmiuçar o sentido do mal radical na obra supracitada como um sistema de superfluidade humana e estabelecer as possíveis razões de Arendt não mais recorrer à terminologia, mas falar de banalidade do mal a partir do julgamento de Adolf Eichmann em Israel em que se tornou patente para a autora que o pior mal poderia estar atrelado a uma genuína incapacidade de pensar. Por fim, o trabalho se propõe compreender qual o viés da filósofa ao dizer que os crimes totalitários descobrem que existem crimes que não se podem punir porque não é possível perdoá-los já que esse é um elemento que persiste em ambas as nomenclaturas e em que sentido esta declaração se relaciona com o fato de que a comunidade internacional considera os crimes contra a humanidade imprescritíveis por natureza, em qualquer época ou lugar. This thesis proposes to investigate the problem of evil in today's world based on considerations by Hannah Arendt and her notions of radical evil and banality of evil. In addition, this research encompasses a series of philosophers, personalities, characters, reflections and episodes that can clarify the extreme proportions that evil can reach in certain political environments. It starts, therefore, from the analysis of what the thinking of Arendt can contribute to understand recent phenomena that involve the current political scenario, as well as reviewing the problem of evil throughout the thinking in the light of Immanuel Kant, responsible for conceiving the concept of evil radical resignified by Arendt in the context of the book The Origins of Totalitarianism. It also alludes the question of evil-by-evil, mentioned by Kant and Arendt, but never deepened in his own philosophies. The text also proposes to examine the meaning of radical evil in the aforementioned book as a system of human superfluity and to establish the possible reasons why Arendt no longer resorted to terminology, but speaks about banality of evil since the judgment of Adolf Eichmann in Israel in which it became clear to the author that the worst evil could be linked to a genuine inability to think. Finally, this thesis aims to understand what is the philosopher's reason to say that totalitarian crimes discover that there are crimes that cannot be punished because it is not possible to forgive because this is the element that persists in both nomenclatures and in which this statement is related to the fact that the international community considers crimes against humanity to be imprescriptible by nature, at any time or place. Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás
- Published
- 2021
40. Moral y cotidianidad en los campos de concentración del nacismo
- Author
-
Anta Félez, José Luis
- Subjects
Dachau ,Social anthropology ,Concentration camp ,Germany ,History ,Institution ,Evil ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
A picture taken in the Concentration Camp of Dachau takes us, on one hand, to the most classic topics in the internal operational system of Lager and, on the other hand, to a meditation on the banality of evil and the multiple faces that it takes.
- Published
- 2004
41. O mal e o niilismo no romance 'Os demônios', de Dostoiévski
- Author
-
Golin, Luana Martins
- Subjects
Death ,Niilism ,The demons ,Morte ,Fiódor Dostoiévski ,Niilismo ,Os demônios ,Dostoyevski ,Mal ,Evil - Abstract
Os temas do mal e do niilismo são recorrentes na obra dostoievskiana. Contudo, em Os demônios (1871), o próprio título e a epígrafe da obra já sugerem, de maneira mais explícita, o caráter do demoníaco nas ações das personagens. O suicídio, o assassinato, a violação, a morte, o caos, a censura, a falta de liberdade e a destruição são elementos presentes e atuantes na narrativa. Esse artigo buscou aproximar o olhar sobre as forças e o movimento do mal, cujo fim é a falta de sentido, o nada. The themes of evil and nihilism are constant in the work of Dostoevsky. However, in “Demons” (1871), the title and epigraph of the work already suggest, in a more explicit way, the character of the demonic in the actions of the characters. Suicide, murder, rape, death, chaos, censorship, lack of freedom, and destruction are elements present and active in the narrative. This article sought to bring a closer look at the forces and movement of evil, the end of which is nothingness.
- Published
- 2021
42. Julgamentos (im)possíveis em A maçã no escuro, de Clarice Lispector
- Author
-
Ramos, Talita de Barcelos and Jardim, Luciana Abreu
- Subjects
A maçã no escuro ,Judgment ,Clarice Lispector ,Literatura e ética ,Psychic bisexuality ,Mal ,Bissexualidade psíquica ,Julgamento ,Evil ,Literature and ethics - Abstract
Tese de doutorado. Esta pesquisa tem como tema a análise da questão do mal na obra A maçã no escuro (1961), incluindo o apoio transversal e isotópico da análise de Água viva (1973), de Clarice Lispector, referente tanto ao conceito e à formulação do mal quanto o consequente julgamento moral. No romance A maçã no escuro, a problemática do mal se apresenta através do personagem Martim, que é acusado de ter cometido o assassinato de sua esposa. Na trama de Água viva, temos um eu feminino que escreve para um tu masculino seus pensamentos, anseios e posicionamentos sociais subjetivos, em uma linguagem de fluidez ininterrupta. Nosso intuito consiste em analisar as personagens femininas protagonistas dos dois romances, além de refletirmos acerca do mal moral, e do ato de estabelecer julgamentos acerca da maldade humana. Como esse julgamento se condiciona a partir do meio social, com isso pretendemos chegar à noção de justiça, tendo em vista o modo como a conhecemos atualmente na sociedade. Logo, para analisarmos o referido tema, utilizaremos pontos da teoria de Hannah Arendt, desenvolvidos em Responsabilidade e julgamento e a A vida do espírito. Também utilizaremos a obra Por uma moral da ambiguidade, de Simone de Beauvoir. Nosso intuito é pensar as relações do feminino com o estabelecimento de julgamentos morais, pensando através da perspectiva de teóricas do feminino, de modo a contemplar questões acerca da formação dos nossos julgamentos, segundo a recuperação de temas desenvolvidos por Simone de Beauvoir, Julia Kristeva, Mireille Delmas-Marty e Carol Gilligan, em suas respectivas áreas de conhecimento. Posteriormente, retomaremos a temática do mal, segundo a tese desenvolvida por Jacques Derrida, em Força de lei. Além disso, usaremos o aporte teórico da teoria freudiana com O futuro de uma ilusão e Sexualidade feminina, O mal estar na cultura, Algumas consequências psíquicas da diferença anatômica entre os sexos e Totem e tabu. A intenção desta pesquisa é aprofundar nosso estudo acerca da construção clariciana da ideia de mal e a relação deste com o julgamento social pela perspectiva do feminino, realçando os elementos relacionados a esta conceituação, de forma a estabelecer um fecundo diálogo com os autores do corpus teórico escolhido. This research has as its theme the analysis of the question of evil in the work The apple in the dark (1961), including the support of the analysis of Água viva (1973), by Clarice Lispector, referring to both the concept and the formulation of evil and the consequent judgment moral. In the novel The Apple in the Dark, the problem of evil presents itself through the character Martim, who is accused of having committed the murder of his wife. In the plot of Água viva, we have a feminine self that writes its subjective thoughts, desires and social positions to a masculine you, in a language of uninterrupted fluidity. Our aim is to analyze the female characters protagonists of the two novels, in addition to reflecting on moral evil, and the act of making judgments about human evil. As this judgment is conditioned by the social environment, with this we intend to arrive at the notion of justice, in view of the way we know it today in society. Therefore, to analyze this topic, we will use points from Hannah Arendt's theory, developed in Responsibility and judgment and the Life of the spirit. We will also use the work For a moral of the ambiguity of Simone de Beauvoir. Our aim is to think about the relations of the feminine with the establishment of moral judgments, thinking through the perspective of feminine theorists, in order to contemplate questions about the formation of our judgments, according to the recovery of themes developed by Simone de Beauvoir, Julia Kristeva, Mireille Delmas-Marty and Carol Gilligan, in their respective areas of expertise. Later, we will return to the theme of evil, according to the thesis developed by Jacques Derrida, in Force of law. In addition, we will use the theoretical contribution of Freudian theory with The future of an illusion and Female sexuality, The malaise in culture, Some psychic consequences of the anatomical difference between the sexes and Totem and taboo. The intention of this research is to deepen our study on the Clarician construction of the idea of evil and its relationship with social judgment from the perspective of the feminine, highlighting the elements related to this conceptualization, in order to establish a fruitful dialogue with the authors of the theoretical corpus chosen.
- Published
- 2021
43. The metaphysical relationship between matter and evil in Plotinus' philosophy
- Author
-
Silva, Robert Brenner Barreto da and Santos, José Gabriel Trindade
- Subjects
Plotino ,Cosmologia ,Plotinus ,Matter ,Enneads ,Metaphysics ,Enéadas ,Mal ,Metafísica ,Matéria ,Evil ,Cosmology - Abstract
The aim of this research is to analyze the metaphysical relationship between matter and evil in Plotinus' Enneads. The conjunction of these concepts is established by the philosopher by identity. Such a formulation is controversial, because all reality is grounded in the One/Good (hén agathón), whereas, if matter belongs to the emanation ruled by Good, and matter is evil, the problem of a possible conception of evil as derivative of the Good arises. Texts such as What evils are and where they come from I.8 [51], On Matter II.4 [12] and others of a similar argumentative nature provide the prima facie understanding that Plotinus admits the matter as an principle of explanation for the evil. In addition to this fundamental problem, in excerpts from the aforementioned treatises there is a clear reference to matter as a necessary, although not sufficient, condition for the constitution of the sensible cosmos. If matter has this ontocosmological role, is this consideration coherent with that initial notion of matter as linked to evil? The matter is a problem worthy of study also as it motivates other important controversies among Plotinus scholars. Among these questions there are two main ones: whether matter would be generated or not and whether it would be absolute evil. These two major problems are associated with the need to choose between two interpretive assumptions: that of dualism, which establishes matter as an independent principle of the One; and that of monism, which tries to integrate matter into the whole of the procession that comes from the One as a single principle. As will be discussed throughout the work, whether by one way or another, the explanation of the matter will need to be consistent with the whole of Plotinus' philosophy. Otherwise, the Plotinian construction should be evaluated as fragile, at least under this aspect of his metaphysics. The success of this examination of the matter-evil binomial depends on two levels of comprehension: what is obtained from the texts in loco and the more coherent interpretation of them as a whole. To achieve this goal, it will be proposed to read treatises V.2[11], I.6 [1], I.8 [51]. II.4[12], II.5[25], III.6[26], III.9[13], IV.8[6] and II.9[33] of Plotinus. The order of analysis follows a thematic-exhibitory character; as well as the main references of interpretation on the subject, from which Schäfer (2004) and Opsomer (2007) stand out. These two levels are reflected in two methodological parameters: a) exegetical and b) philosophical. First, the interpretation of what the philosopher's texts say must be pursued; second, whether the philosophical content internal to the development of these texts leads to a consistent inference. In a word, if the Plotinian conclusion follows from its own metaphysical premises. O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar a relação metafísica entre matéria e mal nas Enéadas de Plotino. A conjunção desses conceitos é estabelecida pelo filósofo por identidade. Tal formulação é controversa, pois toda a realidade é principiada pelo Uno/Bem (hén agathón), ao passo que, se a matéria pertence à emanação regida pelo Bem, e a matéria é mal, emerge o problema de uma possível concepção do mal como derivado do Bem. Textos como o Sobre o que são e de onde vem os males I.8[51], Sobre a Matéria II.4 [12] e outros de natureza argumentativa semelhante proporcionam o entendimento prima facie de que Plotino admite a matéria como princípio explicativo para o mal. Além desse problema de fundo, em excertos dos referidos tratados, há a clara referência à matéria enquanto condição necessária, ainda que não suficiente, à constituição do cosmos sensível. Se a matéria possui esse papel ontocosmológico, tal consideração é coerente com aquela noção inicial da matéria como vinculada ao mal? A matéria é um problema digno de estudo ainda por motivar outras controvérsias importantes entre os scholars de Plotino. Entre essas questões há duas principais: se a matéria seria gerada ou não e se seria o mal absoluto. A esses dois grandes problemas, de certa forma, associam-se à necessidade de escolher entre dois pressupostos interpretativos: o do dualismo, que estabelece a matéria como princípio independente do Uno; e o do monismo, que tenta integrar a matéria dentro do todo da emanação proveniente do Uno como princípio único. Conforme se discutirá ao longo do trabalho, quer seja por um caminho ou por outro, a explicação da matéria precisará ser coerente com o todo da filosofia de Plotino. Do contrário, dever-se-ia avaliar como frágil a construção plotiniana, pelo menos sob esse aspecto de sua metafísica. O exame do binômio matéria-mal é consequência do que se deve apreender da exploração de dois níveis compreensíveis: o que se obtém da análise dos textos in loco e a interpretação mais coerente sobre eles na forma de conjunto. Para tal, será proposta a apreciação dos tratados V.2[11], I.6 [1], I.8 [51]. II.4[12], II.5[25], III.6[26], III.9[13], IV.8[6] e II.9[33] de Plotino, cuja ordem de análise é de caráter temático-expositivo; e dos referenciais teóricos de interpretação, dos quais se destacam Schäfer (2004) e Opsomer (2007). Esses dois níveis se refletem em dois parâmetros metodológicos: a) exegético e b) filosófico. Em primeiro lugar, deve-se perseguir a interpretação mais precisa do que dizem os textos do filósofo; em segundo, se o conteúdo filosófico interno ao desenvolvimento desses textos conduz a uma inferência consistente. Em suma, se a conclusão plotiniana se segue de suas próprias premissas metafísicas.
- Published
- 2021
44. O sagrado e o mistério como categorias de análise e interpretação do religioso na literatura: a leitura de Dalila P. da Costa do Moby Dick de Melville
- Author
-
Soares, Martinho and Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa
- Subjects
Mistério ,Mystery ,Dalila Pereira da Costa ,Sagrado ,Symbol ,Símbolo ,Sacred ,Melville ,Mal ,Evil - Abstract
O objetivo deste ensaio é o de enquadrar a análise do Moby Dick de Melville feita pela filósofa, ensaísta, poetisa e pensadora Dalila Pereira da Costa à luz da grelha conceptual desenvolvida pela Fenomenologia e Hermenêuticas da Religião. A evocação de categorias de análise como sagrado e mistério ou de conceitos como mito e símbolo, usados por autores como G. van der Leuuw, R. Otto, M. Eliade, P. Ricoeur, J. M. Velasco, ajudam a contextualizar e aclarar as linhas de interpretação desenvolvidas pela autora portuense., The purpose of this essay is to frame the analysis of Melville's Moby Dick made by the philosopher, essayist, poet and thinker Dalila Pereira da Costa in the light of the conceptual framework developed by Phenomenology and Hermeneutics of Religion. The hint of analysis categories such as sacred and mystery or concepts such as myth and symbol, used by authors such as G. van der Leuuw, R. Otto, M. Eliade, P. Ricoeur, J. M. Velasco, help us to contextualize and clarify the lines of interpretation developed by this Oporto author.
- Published
- 2021
45. Da percepção do mal como privação do bem à percepção do mal como oportunidade de redenção
- Author
-
Pfeffer, Renato Somberg
- Subjects
Redenção ,Pensamento judaico ,Redemption ,Mal ,Jewish Thought ,Evil - Abstract
This article seeks to discuss, in a succinct way, how some Jewish philosophers have reflected on the enigma of evil. Permeated with conflicts and contradictions, Jewish thinking about evil has been discussed under the ethical and metaphysical aspects, however, always starting from the monotheistic assumption characteristic of Judaism. In the first section, the article analyzes how Maimonides (1135-1204) affirms the idea of evil as a deprivation of good. The second section of the text seeks to reflect on the divine promise of salvation based on some ideas of Abraham Isaac Kook (1865-1935) and Joseph Dov Soloveichic (1903-1993). As a final reflection, the article argues that Judaism's response to the meaninglessness of a life of suffering hides a divine plan for building a new reality pointing to the possibility of redemption. Este artigo busca discutir, de forma sucinta, como alguns filósofos judeus refletiram sobre o enigma do mal. Permeado de conflitos e contradições, o pensamento judaico sobre o tema tem sido discutido sob as vertentes ética e metafísica, porém, sempre partindo do pressuposto monoteísta característico do judaísmo. No primeiro apartado, o artigo analisa como Maimônides (1135-1204) afirma a ideia do mal como privação do bem. A segunda parte busca refletir sobre a promessa divina de salvação a partir de algumas ideias de Abraão Isaac Kook (1865-1935) e Joseph Dov Soloveichic (1903-1993). A título de reflexões finais, o artigo defende que a resposta do judaísmo à falta de sentido de uma vida de sofrimentos oculta um plano divino de construção de uma nova realidade apontando para a possibilidade da redenção.
- Published
- 2020
46. The problem of evil in Boecio: the suffering of the good and the impunity of the bad in the De consolatione philosophiae
- Author
-
Vieira, Maurício Medeiros and Vasconcellos, Manoel Luís Cardoso
- Subjects
Injustiça ,God ,Justice ,CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA [CNPQ] ,Happines ,Felicidade ,Deus ,Mal ,Evil ,Justiça ,Injustice - Abstract
Submitted by Simone Maisonave (simonemaisonave@hotmail.com) on 2021-05-21T14:46:40Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) TESE_MAURICIO_MEDEIROS_VIEIRA.pdf: 1208582 bytes, checksum: 22395d0bbb0e3d42dbc78c72d6bd2f3d (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2021-05-21T23:40:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) TESE_MAURICIO_MEDEIROS_VIEIRA.pdf: 1208582 bytes, checksum: 22395d0bbb0e3d42dbc78c72d6bd2f3d (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-23T13:02:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 TESE_MAURICIO_MEDEIROS_VIEIRA.pdf: 1208582 bytes, checksum: 22395d0bbb0e3d42dbc78c72d6bd2f3d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-11-06 Sem bolsa Abordar o problema do mal não é uma tarefa fácil e nem nova, pois muitos autores, tanto da filosofia quanto da teologia, elaboraram diversos estudos em busca de solucionar uma questão, que ao mesmo tempo, é tão antiga e atual na vida humana, seja no âmbito moral, natural ou mesmo metafísico. Não podemos, por conseguinte, negar que o mal exista e que interfira na vida prática do ser humano, porém, tampouco se pode mostrar com exatidão a sua origem ou apontar uma fórmula eficaz que solucione todos os seus efeitos. A questão da existência do mal é ainda mais problemática quando inserida dentro de um contexto que leve em consideração a existência de um Deus que age através da sua providência organizando e regendo todas as coisas com bondade, justiça e sabedoria. Nesse sentido, o nosso objetivo é abordar a obra testamentária de Severino Boécio escrita no século VI, o De consolatione philosophiae, composta em cinco livros que tratam tanto da verdadeira felicidade quanto da incômoda questão do mal perante a existência de um Deus que governa todas as coisas com bondade e justiça. Num diálogo envolvente entre Boécio, condenado à morte e a sua consoladora, a “Filosofia”, temas como os falsos bens da fortuna, a verdadeira felicidade, a existência do mal, a providência divina, o livre-arbítrio entre outros, serão fundamentais para mostrar duas coisas: que Deus, Sumo Bem, é a verdadeira felicidade e que o mal não existe, pelo menos no sentido ontológico. Nesse contexto, Boécio irá abordar a questão do mal em dois momentos: a negação ontológica do mal e a sua existência apenas no âmbito moral oriundo do livre-arbítrio; e a questão da impunidade dos maus e do sofrimento dos bons afirmando se tratar de uma visão equivocada e limitada do homem que não compreende a totalidade do saber divino, que da eternidade, proporciona a todos o que é devido com sabedoria e justiça. Para entendermos os argumentos de Boécio para a solução do problema do mal, será necessário abordarmos dois autores que influenciaram diretamente no seu pensamento: Agostinho com sua obra “O Livre-Arbítrio” e Platão com seu diálogo “Górgias”. Em verdade, antes de Boécio, Agostinho também abordou o problema do mal e negou a sua existência ontológica afirmando sua permanência apenas na esfera moral oriundo do pecado e proveniente da vontade livre do homem. Da mesma forma, Platão em “Górgias” aborda a ideia de justiça e injustiça afirmando que cometer uma injustiça é pior que sofrer e mais, afirma que todo aquele que comete uma injustiça e fica impune é mais infeliz que o infrator que paga a justa pena pelo seu delito. Por conseguinte, nosso estudo mostra a fundamental importância de ambos os autores para a resposta final de Boécio que, além de negar o mal ontológico e garantir que os bons não estão a mercê da fortuna, garante que a providência divina é justa e não deixa os maus sem suas devidas punições. Addressing the problem of evil is not an easy or new task, because many authors, both of philosophy and theology, have developed several studies in order to solve an issue, which at the same time is so old and current in human life, whether in the moral, natural or even metaphysical sphere. We cannot, therefore, deny that evil exists and interferes with the practical life of the human being, but neither can it be accurately shown its origin or to point out an effective formula that solves all its effects. The question of the existence of evil is even more problematic when inserted within a context that takes into account the existence of a God who acts through his providence organizing and governing all things with goodness, justice and wisdom. In this sense, our goal is to address the testamentary work of Severino Boécio written in the 6th century, the De consolatione philosophiae, composed of five books that deals with both true happiness and the uncomfortable question of evil before the existence of a God who governs all things with goodness and justice. In an engaging dialogue between Boetius, condemned to death and his consoling, "Philosophy", themes such as false goods of fortune, true happiness, the existence of evil, divine providence, free will among others, will be fundamental to show two things: that God, Sumo Well, is true happiness and that evil does not exist, at least in the ontological sense. In this context, Boétius will approach the issue of evil in two moments: the ontological denial of evil and its existence only in the moral sphere derived from free will; and the question of impunity of the wicked and the suffering of the good, claiming to be a misguided and limited view of man who does not understand the totality of divine knowledge, which of eternity, provides to all what is due with wisdom and justice. To understand Boétius's arguments for solving the problem of evil, it will be necessary to approach two authors who directly influenced his thinking: Augustine with his work "Free Will" and Plato with his dialogue "Gorgias". In fact, before Boecio, Augustine also addressed the problem of evil and denied its ontological existence by affirming its permanence only in the moral sphere derived from sin and derived from the free will of man. Likewise, Plato in "Gorgias" addresses the idea of justice and injustice stating that committing an injustice is worse than suffering and more, states that anyone who commits an injustice and goes unpunished is more unhappy than the offender who pays the fair penalty for his offense. Therefore, our study shows the fundamental importance of both authors for Boecio's final response that in addition to denying ontological evil and ensuring that the good are not at the mercy of fortune, it ensures that divine providence is fair and does not leave the bad without their proper punishments.
- Published
- 2020
47. The influence or 'Os balcões sucessivos sobre o rio' of Ruy Belo
- Author
-
Ana Maria Pereira Soares
- Subjects
lcsh:French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature ,influence ,hypertextuality ,influência ,ruy belo ,evil ,lcsh:Literature (General) ,hipertextualidade ,lcsh:PN1-6790 ,influencia ,lcsh:PQ1-3999 ,mal ,hipertextualidad ,Ruy Belo - Abstract
For Ruy Belo, the influence of tradition on the late poets is inevitable and one who seeks to find its singularity must be aware of this inescapable reality. In this paper, attention is focused on the author’s hypertextual dimension, mainly on “Os balcões sucessivos sobre o rio”, a composition that begins the last book written by Ruy Belo, Despeço-me da terra da alegria (1977), and that gives continuity to the compositional mechanisms and the main problems that characterize the magnificent long poem, A margem da alegria (1974). Para Ruy Belo, la influencia de la tradición en el poeta tardio es inevitable y quien busca su singularidade debe ser consciente de esta realidade inescapável. En este estudio, se analiza la dimensión hipertextual del autor, centrándose la atención principalmente en “Os balcões sucessivos sobre o rio”, composición que introduce el último libro escrito por el poeta, Despeço-me da terra da alegria (1977), y da continuidad a los processos compositivos y problemas abordados en el magnífico poema largo, A margem da alegria (1974). Para Ruy Belo, a influência da tradição no poeta tardio é inevitável e aquele que busca a sua singularidade tem de ter consciência desta realidade inescapável. Neste estudo, é analisada a dimensão hipertextual deste autor, incidindo-se sobretudo a atenção sobre “Os balcões sucessivos sobre o rio”, composição que introduz o último livro do poeta, Despeço-me da terra da alegria (1977), e que dá continuidade aos processos compositivos e às problemáticas abordadas no magnífico poema longo, A margem da alegria (1974).
- Published
- 2020
48. A fundamenta??o da nulidade ontol?gica do mal no pensamento de Agostinho de Hipona
- Author
-
Lorenzetti, Darlan Paulo and Pich, Roberto Hofmeister
- Subjects
Will ,Vontade ,Creation ,Agostinho de Hipona ,God ,Free Will ,Livre-arb?trio ,FILOSOFIA [CIENCIAS HUMANAS] ,Deus ,Mal ,Augustine of Hippo ,Evil ,Cria??o - Abstract
O objetivo central da presente disserta??o ? examinar o processo de fundamenta??o da nulidade ontol?gica do mal empreendido pelo fil?sofo crist?o Agostinho de Hipona (354-430) no contexto da filosofia Patr?stica. Num primeiro cap?tulo, o trabalho reconstitui basicamente os aspectos gerais da cosmologia agostiniana, com ?nfase nos conceitos de: creatio ex nihilo (cria??o a partir do nada), cria??o simult?nea, mat?ria informe, rationes seminales (raz?es seminais) e ordem. A exposi??o do cap?tulo subsequente busca elucidar os fundamentos da no??o ontol?gica de Bem. Em raz?o disso, toma o conceito agostiniano de Deus e estabelece uma correla??o do mesmo para com a ideia de Sumo Bem. Em seguida, aborda o conceito de natureza, intentando, concomitantemente, realizar uma distin??o entre dois n?veis, isto ?, a natureza divina e a natureza criada. Explora o tema da fundamenta??o antropol?gica da vontade livre, qualificando-a como um bem. No terceiro e ?ltimo cap?tulo, a explana??o tem como foco a apresenta??o do cerne da teodiceia agostiniana, ou seja, a tese acerca da nulidade ontol?gica do mal e a defini??o deste como privatio (priva??o). Exp?e as categorias de amor e liberdade da vontade, assim como a hierarquiza??o dos bens criados inerentes ? ontologia de Agostinho. Trabalha, finalmente, o conceito de livre-arb?trio, situando e compreendendo o mal desde uma perspectiva moral e, portanto, relativa ao agir humano, definindo-o como consequ?ncia do uso desregrado da vontade livre. The main objective of the present dissertation is to examine the process of grounding the ontological nullity of the evil undertaken by the Christian philosopher Augustine of Hippo (354430) in the context of patristic philosophy. In the first chapter, we reconstitute the general aspects of Augustinian cosmology, with emphasis on the concepts of: creatio ex nihilo (creation of nothingness), simultaneous creation, informal matter, rationes seminales (seminal reasons) and order. In the following chapter we seek to elucidate the foundations of the ontological notion of Good, taking the Augustinian concept of God and establishing a correlation between it and the idea of the Supreme Good. Next, we approach the concept of nature, trying at the same time to make a distinction between two levels, that is, divine nature and created nature, exploring the theme of the anthropological foundation of free will, qualifying it as a good. In the third and last chapter, we concentrate our attention on the presentation of the nucleus of Augustinian theodicy, that is, the thesis on the ontological nullity of evil and its definition as privatio (deprivation), in addition to exposing the categories of love and freedom of the will, as well as the hierarchy of created goods inherent in Augustine's ontology. Finally, we work on the concept of free will, placing and understanding evil from a moral perspective and, therefore, relative to human action, defining it as a consequence of the unregulated use of free will. Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq
- Published
- 2020
49. La construcción social sobre la banalidad del mal en Hannah Arendt
- Author
-
Guimarães, Vinicius Oliveira Seabra
- Subjects
Banality ,Malo ,Mal ,Hannah Arendt ,Banalidade ,Evil ,Banalidad - Abstract
This article aims to analyze the concept of 'banality of evil', as conceived by the German philosopher of Jewish origin, Hannah Arendt (1906-1975), especially from the judgment of Adolf Eichmann, in 1961, in Jerusalem. However, it is necessary to note that the proposal here is not of a legal or technical nature regarding the legal processes of Adolf Eichmann's conviction, as this requires another theoretical approach. So, the purpose of this text is to understand the philosophical and social notion of evil as a structural part of modern society. Therefore, in the Arendtian perspective, it is understood that there is no evil on the one hand and the good side on the other, in a dichotomized and dualistic way, on the contrary, the theoretical-methodological path proposed by Hannah Arendt aims at understanding evil from the good, the common, the normal, these being the social agents who maintain the structural logic of the 'banality of evil' in the context of modernity Este artículo propone analizar el concepto de "banalidad del mal", tal como lo concibió la filósofa alemana de origen judío, Hannah Arendt (1906-1975), especialmente a partir del juicio de Adolf Eichmann, en 1961, en Jerusalén. Sin embargo, es necesario tener en cuenta que la propuesta aquí no es de naturaleza legal o técnica con respecto a los procesos legales de la convicción de Adolf Eichmann, ya que esto requiere otro enfoque teórico. Por lo tanto, el propósito de este texto es comprender la noción filosófica y social del mal como parte estructural de la sociedad moderna. Por lo tanto, en la perspectiva arendtiana, se entiende que no hay maldad por un lado y el lado bueno por el otro, de una manera dicotómica y dualista, por el contrario, el camino teórico-metodológico propuesto por Hannah Arendt tiene como objetivo comprender el mal desde lo bueno, lo común, lo normal, estos son los agentes sociales que mantienen la lógica estructural de la 'banalidad del mal' en el contexto de la modernidad Esse artigo se propõe a analisar o conceito de ‘banalidade do mal’, como concebe a filósofa alemã de origem judaica, Hannah Arendt (1906-1975), especialmente a partir do julgamento de Adolf Eichmann, em 1961, em Jerusalém. Contudo, faz-se necessário registrar que a proposta aqui não é de caráter jurídico ou técnico acerca dos processos legais da condenação de Adolf Eichmann, pois isso requer outra abordagem teórica. Então, a proposta desse texto é compreender a noção filosófica e social da maldade como parte estrutural da sociedade moderna. Para tanto, na perspectiva arendtiana, entende-se que não há de um lado o mal e do outro lado o bem, de forma dicotomizada e dualística, pelo contrário, o percurso teórico-metodológico proposto por Hannah Arendt visa à compreensão do mal a partir dos bons, dos comuns, dos normais, sendo esses os agentes sociais quem mantém a lógica estrutural da ‘banalidade do mal’ no contexto da modernidade
- Published
- 2019
50. The encounter with evil. The young Nietzsche in the face of illness (1844-1862)
- Author
-
Simone Zacchini
- Subjects
doenças de época ,B790-5802 ,jovem Nietzsche ,mal ,Remedy ,Evil ,Modern ,doenças infantis ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Young Nietzsche ,Childhood Diseases ,Epochal Diseases ,fármacos ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Resumo Este artigo examina um período muito breve da juventude de Nietsche, de seu nascimento a 1862. Durante estes anos Nietzsche descobre progressivamente que o mundo encantado ao interno do qual ele nascera, protegido e seguro, não é imune ao mal e às doenças. Neste estudo examina-se todas as doenças que Nietzsche viu entrar em casa, através do pai, dos parentes e dos amigos. Antes mesmo que sua biografia registrasse patologias que ele carregará consigo até o fim (dores de cabeça, nos olhos, no estômago etc.), Nietzsche encontrará as feições do mal nas formas históricas que a sua época registrou (cólera, escarlatina, tifo) deixando marcas indeléveis no seu imaginário. Abstract This article examines a very short period of Nietzsche's youth, from his birth to 1862. During these years, Nietzsche gradually discovered that the enchanted world in which he was born, protected and safe, was not immune to evil and disease. This study examines all the diseases that Nietzsche has experienced inside the house, through his father, relatives and friends. Even before his biography recorded pathologies that he would remember ever after (headaches, eyes, belly, etc.), Nietzsche met the face of evil in the historical knowledge that his time recorded (cholera, scarlet fever, typhus) leaving indelible traces in his imagination.
- Published
- 2019
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.