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The aim of our paper is to reconstruct three fundamental Western ways of thinking around the valuation of two entities, the community and the individual. The three paradigms considered are: the Greek one, the Christian medieval one and the modern one. The hypothesis is specified in three ways: the Greek philosophy has focused on the community; the Christian and modern thinking have focused on the individual (the person); the former on the divine individual and the latter on the human one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]