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THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION STRATEGY AT NATIONAL LEVEL SHOULD BE BASED ON PRINCIPLES, CONCEPTS AND INSTRUMENTS REFLECTING THE ROLE AND PLACE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY IN THE OVERALL STATE POLICY, THE POSSIBILITIES AND PRIORITIES IN THE SHORT AND LONG TERM, THE SPECIFICITY AND THE MAGNITUDE OF THE POLLUTION PROBLEMS AT THE MOMENT OF ITS ESTABLISHMENT. IN ORDER TO OPERATIONALIZE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, THE ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS (TAXES, SUBSIDIES, CONSIGNMENT SYSTEMS, ENVIRONMENTAL LETTERS OF CREDIT, NEGOTIABLE POLLUTION PERMITS) ACT TO INTERNALIZE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS (EXTERNALITIES), TO CORRECT THE PRICE LEVELS AND TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE RESPONSIBLE USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES, THE POLLUTION LEVEL AND THE ACTIVE AND EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT OF WASTE. IN THIS RESPECT, CLEAR ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES WILL BE ADOPTED TO SET UP A SYSTEM OF INCENTIVES AND INSTRUMENTS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SPENDING WILL FOCUS ON THOSE PROJECTS THAT PROVIDE THE HIGHEST COST-BENEFIT RATIO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Achieving effective environmental policy objectives presupposes and requires substantiation and application of tools to stimulate the interest of economic agents to prevent or to limit negative environmental externalities, together with the existence of an appropriate legislative framework. These tools can influence the behavior of the authorities, businesses and house holds as subjects of environmental policy instruments. These tools are created also to streng then positive ties between development and environment and to split negative connections between economic growth and environmental damage. This does not means tifling economic growth or economic disruption of system functionality, but signifies a shift toward quantitative and qualitative theories. An modern and efficiente nvironmental policy (by global regulations, specific incentives and economic and financial to ensure achievement of environmental objectives) requires that environmental strategies and system of economic instruments for environment are formulated and established in accordance with policies aimed to boost competitiveness and promote economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]