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The incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing. It is currently the third most common cancer, after lung and breast cancer. Despite the increased incidence, recent advances in early detection, performing the screening according to the recommendations and treatment options have reduced colorectal cancer mortality. The role of the family doctor is to advise and to identify non-modifiable risk factors (age, male sex, race, family history, inflammatory bowel disease) as well as modifiable ones (tobacco consumption, low-fiber, high-fat and highcarbohydrate diet, a sedentary lifestyle, obesity), in order to avoid these risk factors by developing a personalized plan for the prevention and early detection of colorectal cancer depending on the individual risk. Genetic testing and a more comprehensive family history documentation by the family doctor can enable those with a hereditary predisposition for the colorectal cancer to take preventive measures. Applying evidence-based prevention strategies reduces the prognosis of colorectal cancer and reduces mortality. Colorectal cancer has an increased survival rate if diagnosed early and treated properly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a group of conditions characterized by chronic inflammation of the digestive tract segments. These diseases are multifactorial conditions with an increased prevalence in modern society, a consequence of genetic and environmental factors. The main IBD are ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, which have many similarities but differ by localization in the digestive tract and by the degree of histopathological damage. The groups of drugs used in the treatment of IBD are: aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, antibiotics, immunomodulators and biological agents. Although there has been a lot of progress in the treatment of these diseases, currently there is no curative treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. Study the articular involvement present in inflammatory bowel disease, mainly in Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerohaemorrhagic rectocolitis (UHRC), the genetic and immune mechanism underlying the occurrence of these disorders and their complications, response to therapy, as well as the value of the immunoserology tests. Material and methods. The group of 204 patients that were monitored, consisted of two subgroups: 50 patients with CD, and 154 patients with UHRC and have been enrolled in a prospective longitudinal study. The patients were included in the study group according to strictly established criteria, taking into account the underlying inflammatory bowel disease that triggered the respective articular disorders, have been assessed according to a protocol including both individual parameters (clinical, biological), endoscopic, histopathologic, radiographs, RMN, CT evaluation. Results. 93 patients had joint manifestations. 65 of them had developed due articular lesions in ulcerative colitis and 28 Crohn's disease. In ulcerative colitis Joint damage occurred as follows: 58.5% sacroiliitis (38 cases), ankylosing spondylitis 7.7% (5) 10.7% acute arthritis (7). In Crohn's disease were detected: sacroiliac 35.8% (10 patients), 42.9% peripheral arthritis (12), acute arthritis 7.1% (2 cases), reactive arthritis 14.2% (4) with germs Salmonella (3) and Shigella (1). In 71 patients from those with articular manifestations of detecting the presence of HLAB27. Conclusions. Joint damage was correlated with the severity, type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) reflecting the state of activity. Joint manifestations were detected mainly in ulcerative colitis increased, unlike the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bolile inflamatorii intestinale (boala Crohn şi rectocolita ulcero-hemoragică) rămân un capitol deschis cercetării din cauza frecvenţei (în creştere în ultimele decade), particularităţilor clinico-evolutive a suferinţei digestive şi extradigestive, a enigmelor patogenetice, sursă a dificultăţilor terapeutice. Tipare genetice specifice, mutaţii genice favorizează răspuns imun aberant la antigeni din mediu sau la autoantigeni provocând o inflamaţie intestinală cu potenţial înalt de cronicizare; citokinele eliberate şi alte mecanisme încă necunoscute pot firesponsabile de manifestările extradigestive. Autorii sistematizează date recente privind patogeneza formelor clinico-evolutive, posibilităţi moderne de diagnostic, posibilităţile şi limitele măsurilor terapeutice moderne în artropatiile care însoţesc boala inflamatorie intestinală. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic nonspecific ulcerative colitis remaine a disease of unkown etiology, although much new information continues to be gleaned from basic research and clinical trials. In most instances, ulcerative colitis respond to medical therapy. Selecting appropriate drug therapy for a specific child dependends on the extent and severity of colitis. This article summarized the clinical information, diagnostic studies and approaches to management that should be considered when evaluating a child for ulcerative colitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, affecting mostly young people. It comprises two entities: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The current study attempted to establish the endoscopic features of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis on 37 patients, aged between 0-18 years, hospitalized in Fundeni Hospital between 1995-2004. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, with multifactorial etiology, mainly determined by immunological and environmental factors. The purpose of this article is to describe an acute episode of ulcerative colitis, its management, and also the negative effects upon the fetus. Case. A 28-yearold secundiparous, at 34 weeks of gestation, presented to our clinic with acute mucous and bloody diarheea, cramping abdominal pain, being admitted with a diagnosis of preterm labour. Following sigmoidoscopy with biopsy and histopathological examination, a diagnosis of acute episode of ulcerative colitis was established, and a treatment with hydrocortisone, double antibiotic therapy and hydroelectrolytic repletion was administered, with initial favourable evolution. At 36 hours after admission, the patient's general status suddenly altered, and a magnetic resonance examination revealed toxic megacolon and acute fetal decompensation. The patient delivered through emergency caesarean section a live, hemodynamically and respiratory stable newborn. Conclusions. A multidisciplinary intervention is required in order to proper manage similar cases. The mother's and newborn's evolution was favourable under specific treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]