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The memory of the Holocaust in Romania (i.e. the Romanian authorities’ involvement in the atrocious crime of the Holocaust) was ideologically distorted and occulted during the communist dictatorship. This led not only to the impossibility of recovering the historical truth, but also to it acting as a deterrent when it comes to the depiction of the living memory (i.e. journals, memoirs), as well as of the artistic and cultural representations of this tragic moment in our recent history. It was only in the last two decades, more precisely after the discussions initiated by the International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania, chaired by Elie Wiesel, and especially after the publication of the Final Report (2004), that the Romanian authorities’ accountability for the Holocaust timidly penetrated the public discourse. This paper looks into the history of memorial occultation of the Holocaust in Romania by seeking to explore and explain the difficulties that the Romanian public discourse has had (and continues to have) when integrating this event into its cultural memory. Through a comparative analysis of how the memory of the Holocaust was embedded in the Western and the Romanian public discourse, we could notice that in Romania, in the last decades, these complications may be explained primarily through an absence in the manifestations of a prosthetic memory encompassing cultural representations of the Holocaust. Besides identifying the postmemorial artifact (i.e. the act of cultural and artistic reconstruction of the trauma of the Holocaust) as the main element of the prosthetic memory, this paper also describes a possible corpus of such postmemorial artifacts (film, literature), steadily growing in the Romanian culture in recent years, to be minutely analyzed in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the content of the cadre file of Henri H. Stahl preserved in the Archives of the University of Bucharest’s Rectorate. In the form in which it has been preserved after 1989, the personnel file of H.H. Stahl seems, from several points of view, atypical. If we compare it with the cadre files of the 1950s, it surprises by the apparent “goodwill” of the communist cadres towards H.H. Stahl. This ideological solicitude is manifested in the interpretation given to main cultural and political events in H.H. Stahl’s life. In other circumstances such political past could be labeled as unusable in a communist context. Equally curious and noteworthy is the issue of the ethnic origin attributed (and not necessarily real or assumed by the one described in the file), more precisely the issue of Stahl’s nationality ( Jewish) which was recorded in the file. Analyzing Stahl cadre file we can wonder if the integrity of this dossier has not been compromised by removing, extracting or modifying documents by the personel staff services or by someone else. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present paper is to reconstruct the picture of Romanian linguistics in exile through the exploration of various factors, such as motivation, circumstances, cultural activities, and particularly the manner in which Romanian linguists were received abroad and in their home country. Our analysis is not a mere restitution of history. Based upon the writers' personal observations, the paper aims to identify the common features with respect to the way they perceived the exile experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims to analyze the relations between the political decisional factors and press in Timișoara, in the 1970s. There were the following papers in Timișoara between 1970 and 1977: Drapelul roșu, Neue Banater Zeitung (German language), Szabad Szo (Magyar language), Banatske Novine (magazine, Serbian language), and the literary revue Orizont, all of them with an important circulation. The local Radio studio was also running then. Even if the years of 1965–1971 are better known as providing a relative political freedom, press in Romania went away with the RCP control; relations between the party and media deeply changed in the summer and fall of 1971, after the decisions taken by the leaders of the R. C. P. So, media was obliged both to put in light the socialist reality in Romania and to combat with the ideological bourgeois influences and retrograde mentality. The cultural revues had to promote the “involved” militant socialist arts and literature, and criticize the tendencies to separate the artistic creation from the socialist realities; it was the way the Romanian press became an instrument of the RCP. The journalist’ rules were changed too, so that one became a Party activist in that occupational field. Following the above decisions media in Timișoara was controlled by the Section of Propaganda, the Secretariate, and the County Chancery of the RCP; all those organisms periodically analyzed the activity of journals, revues and the territorial Radio Studio. 1974 was also an important but baleful year for Romanian media due to the central decisions to reduce copies, formats, numbers of pages, and periodicity of journals; all those measures touched the press in Timișoara too (Banatske Novine – for instance) Media in Timișoara had mainly to emphasize at that time the activity of the county Party organization, and the political, economical, social and cultural-scientific life in the county. The county authorities attracted the journalists’ attention on the necessity to strengthen the Party militant spirit of all the articles and broadcastings as they considered that trite expressions still were published in articles with a strong formalist shape. The analyses also underlined that there was no clear position both against reactionary philosophic or aesthetic schools and political Occidental doctrines, the capitalist “drawbacks” being so not sufficiently presented. Such critical observations make us believe that the journalists in Timișoara didn’t comply integrally with the “ideological orders” of the Party. But we have also to note that besides those “political commands”, there were some positive measures taken by the RCP County Committee: a more extensive mirroring of the culture in the Banat, or of important moments of the history of the Banat and Romania. The communist authorities were also concerned with the future journalists’ professional training, as long as there were still unschooled journalists at the beginning of the 1970s. I have to observe that the professional vocation of the ones who applied for was taken into consideration besides the negative aspects – need of a “healthy” political origin, the candidates’ deeds severe political examination or recruiting the candidates from the workers’ class especially. In spite of how media was obliged in the 1970s to serve the interests of a party and of a totalitarian system, the journalists in the Banat succeeded to give a series o professional headings, particularly in the cultural and scientific fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a report drawn up by Ioan Suciu - the Greek-Catholic bishop of Oradea. The document reveals the consequences of the Dicktat from Viena (30 august 1940) that reassigned the territory of Northern Transylvania from Romania to Hungary. The establishment of the Hungarian administration has shattered the religious life, economic, cultural and social activity of the Greek-Catholic Diocese. Ioan Suciu wrote a report in which presents the situation of the Romanian oppressed by the Hungarian authorities. The document, dated on 11.XII.1940, was addressed to Ion Antonescu, the leader of the Romanian State. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One cannot talk about the cultural activity in the city on Milcov River, about the local cultural traditions, about the spiritual emulation and the contributions due to the Focșani intellectuals, without mentioning the local publishing activity. Of the more than 250 periodicals printed in Focșani from 1859 to 1943, more than half of which had an ephemeral appearance, most presented in their pages significant aspects of local cultural life, related to the general cultural evolution of the time. Most of them recorded the literary movement of the time, which they reflected from their positions and with the most diverse means. School literary magazines have occupied an important place in modern Romanian culture. Their purpose was, from the beginning, to stimulate the literary and scientific creation of students, under the guidance of their teachers, as well as that, so important, to put a brick in building the cultural unity of all Romanians, at a time when unjust borders separated them. From the occasional or ephemeral paper, to the magazines whose significance steadily exceeded the local, provincial framework, being part of a more comprehensive cultural area, with certain orientations towards the general issue of Romanian culture, Focșani, a small provincial town, had a lively and intense editorial activity, in close connection with the events that marked its existence over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In the years 1934-1937, cultural "carlism" tends to have a special dynamic. The initiatives of King Carol the Second (1930-1940) gradually set up a genuine "cultural offensive", which coincides with the work of his foundations, respectively with the activity of cultural homes in villages and with a series of strategies aimed at spreading the literacy and popularizing reading. In the name of the monarchy, three main directions of cultural action are outlined. The first is related to the policy of spreading the literacy among peasants, the second to the activity of cultural houses, and the third to the initiatives of the royal student teams. But the three strategies are also conceived as a unitary policy, focused at the same time on nationalism, monarchism and sociological research methods theorized by Dimitrie Gusti. The rise of monarchic authoritarianism is forged and encouraged, besides the king, by a multitude of intellectuals, politicians and military, among which we mention Cezar Petrescu, Pamfil Șeicaru, Vladimir and Constantin Donescu, Nichi for Crainic, Mihail Manoilescu, Nicolae Iorga, Valer Pop, Ion Nistor and Ion Inculeț. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]