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Chronic nonspecific ulcerative colitis remaine a disease of unkown etiology, although much new information continues to be gleaned from basic research and clinical trials. In most instances, ulcerative colitis respond to medical therapy. Selecting appropriate drug therapy for a specific child dependends on the extent and severity of colitis. This article summarized the clinical information, diagnostic studies and approaches to management that should be considered when evaluating a child for ulcerative colitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory bowel disease that mainly affects low birth weight preterm infants. Because the etiology and pathogenesis of NEC are still incompletely understood, therapeutic options, morbidity and mortality were not significantly improved in the last decade of time. Taking into account the catastrophic development of this disease, it is necessary to focus research on prevention strategies and identify predictive risk factors for its occurrence. Many preventive measures have been tried and accepted in clinical practice, one of these is represented by probiotics supplementation. This article is a review of the literature regarding the efficacy of probiotics as a preventive strategy for NEC in premature infants with low birth weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]