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In this study, the author aims to present a series of considerations regarding alternative methods of resolving disputes in France and Spain. The fact that these states are facing a significant increase in litigation, an aspect likely to influence the proper functioning of the judicial systems, has generated the search for more efficient ways of resolving disputes between the parties. In addition to highlighting the advantages of these methods, the author also makes a series of ferenda law proposals regarding the advisability of importing them into national law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the forms, advantages and procedure of arbitration are presented, as an alternative method of dispute resolution that the parties can resort to by virtue of the principle of availability. At the same time, the particularities of the judgment of the essentially jurisdictional act represented by the arbitral award, as well as the solutions pronounced by the courts in the appeal of the annulment action, are highlighted. By exposing the advantages of arbitration, the author aims to highlight the fact that this is an extremely viable way of resolving disputes, which the parties should resort to with priority over state justice in matters permitted by law, with great confidence and conviction that the disputes will be resolved in a manner that most faithfully corresponds to their interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The modalities of the obligations, the time limit and the condition, are of several types and with different legal regimes (Articles 1004-1025 of the former Civil Code, respectively Articles 1399-1420 of the new Civil Code). The legal regime of these modalities is generally known by jurists, the modalities being frequently encountered both in the domestic and international commercial activity, as well as in the judicial practice and in the arbitration one. We do not intend to examine the legal regime of these modalities, with problems too rich for a simple review study, but only to question the purely potestative condition (Article 1009 of the former Civil Code and Article 1403 of the new Civil Code), which, as a rule, does not produce legal effects. However, there are, admittedly, rare cases in which such a condition still produces legal effects. We encountered such a case on the occasion of some international rental contracts, for which we were requested a legal opinion, and we considered that it would be useful that the legal issues raised by the case to be brought to the knowledge of the practitioners of the law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Romanian State assumed by the New York Convention adopted on 10 June 1958 only the obligation to recognize and ensure the enforcement of foreign arbitral awards in the situation where the foreign arbitral award is pronounced on the territory of a signatory state of the Convention, and the dispute which has been settled by the respective foreign arbitral award may be qualified as being commercial by the national legislation. We appreciate that the Romanian State complied with this obligation by ratifying the New York Convention, by the Decree No 186/1961, and we emphasize, in this context, that the respective Convention is binding on the Romanian State only with regard to foreign arbitral awards that fall within its scope of application. Thus, for the foreign arbitral awards that do not fall within the scope of application of the New York Convention, the Romanian State is not bound by any conventional obligation, the state having the freedom to regulate legal provisions other than conventional ones regarding the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards. Consequently, the existence of some domestic legal provisions contained in the Civil Procedure Code, other than the provisions of the New York Convention, on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, is in no way likely to engage international responsibility of the Romanian State, since, as we noted in this study, the Romanian State complied with its conventional obligations assumed by the conclusion of the New York Convention, even the provisions of the mentioned Convention (Article 7.1) allowing the existence of some national provisions other than conventional regulations, since only in such a hypothesis there is the possibility of invoking by the interested person the more favourable national provisions (if the normative provisions were identical, in no case could the problem of applying some more favourable legal provisions be raised). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

the hypothesis of foreign arbitration awards, in order to obtain the approval of the enforcement, pursuant to Article 666 of the Civil Procedure Code, to the application for enforcement, the creditor will have to attach the foreign arbitration award translated by an authorized translator, under the conditions of Article 150 (4) of the Civil Procedure Code, and the final judgment by which it was approved, under the conditions of Article 1127 et seq. of the Civil Procedure Code, the enforcement on the Romanian territory of the respective arbitration award. To the extent that the foreign arbitration award on which the application for enforcement is based is not translated by an authorized translator, the court executor should issue a conclusion refusing to open the enforcement procedure, pursuant to Article 665 (2) of the Civil Procedure Code, for non-fulfilment of this condition provided by law. If, however, the court executor would proceed, in the absence of the submission of the foreign arbitration award translated by an authorized translator, to open the enforcement procedure and would request the approval of the enforcement, we consider that the application for approval of the enforcement should be rejected, pursuant to Article 666 (5) point 2 of the Civil Procedure Code, since, in such a situation, the court executor does not prove, in the incidental legal conditions, the existence of an enforceable title. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Intellectual Property Law / Revista Română de Dreptul Proprietăţii Intelectuale is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The current Civil Procedure Code clarifies some doctrinal controversies and controversies of the arbitral case law and transposes on legislative level some solutions of the arbitral practice, meant to make the arbitral jurisdiction more efficient. Among these aspects of making it more efficient, the study mentions those related to the extension of the competence of arbitration and the autonomy of will of the parties in organizing and conducting the arbitral procedure, likely to increase the access to this private jurisdiction, as an alternative to the state jurisdiction. Another dimension of the current regulation is related to the ways of materializing the arbitral convention and of the presumption of arbitrariness of the disputes regarding all misunderstandings arising from the contract or from the legal relations to which the agreement refers. The current regulation is concerned with the quality of the jurisdictional act which it connects to the qualification of the members of the arbitration tribunal, to their impartiality, by extending the causes of incompatibility as compared to those of judges and by guaranteeing the right to defence, by representing or assisting the parties by a lawyer. The autonomy of will, which impregnates the arbitral procedure, is associated with the principles of the civil trial, extended by the current regulation to the arbitral procedure, in order to increase the procedural guarantees offered by this private jurisdiction. An innovative solution is related to the participation of third parties in the arbitral procedure, under the terms of maintaining the composition of the arbitral tribunal, in order to ensure the complete and global settlement of the dispute. Another novelty of the current regulation is related to the material competence of the courts of appeal in resolving the action for annulment and the solutions that can be pronounced in case of admitting the action for annulment. Last but not least, the regulation makes the distinction between the procedure of the institutionalized and ad-hoc arbitration, in the context of the autonomy of will of the parties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Commercial arbitration and personal data protection is an aspect of the theoretical dispute regarding interference of public law norms in private law or vice versa, sometimes the qualification of influence depending on the branch from which the regulation is analyzed. Rethinking data protection in the European Union has a significant impact on commercial arbitration. In the first part of the article we note the role of data protection rules in arbitration. For the arbitral tribunal, data protection is a public law obligation, which joins its own confidentiality. First of all, it is significant for disclosing the obligations of arbitral tribunals regarding the protection of personal data, for the establishment of technical and organizational measures. Recent documents are analyzed, such as the ICCA-IBA Roadmap to Data Protection in International Arbitration. In the second part, we consider elements of cyber security specific to commercial arbitration. In the third part of the article, we note the role of arbitration in resolving disputes in the field of personal data protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result of the coronavirus crisis, it seems inevitable that the number of commercial disputes will increase and, in this environment, arbitration has proved an agile, resilient and also flexible, adaptable mechanism to the challenging times to which it is subjected. However, arbitrations have continued during the crisis not just because of the scope for controversial situations arisen due to pandemic, but also because some court litigations have been postponed or stopped for a while and especially due to the extended court closure arising from the pandemic restrictions. Therefore, the viable solution remained arbitration. Arbitration growth its strength with parties selecting it over litigation for more different practical reasons, even from the negotiation stage, when parties expressed more inclination and interest towards arbitration. The impact of coronavirus has forced arbitral institutions, parties, their counsels and other participants to act and quickly adopt new modern means of electronic case management tools to convene virtual hearings. In this respect, protocols and relevant guidelines to remote procedure have been promulgated in order to offer the necessary flexibility, the tools and a steady mechanism required to resort to arbitration. The arbitral institutions contributed to the arbitration stability and foreseeability by cooperating and issuing guides for the use of the technology in the most effective and efficient possible way, to achieve a world prepared to face this new coronavirus era. That is why we consider that these virtual tools should be adopted also for the future, to benefit of them in the post pandemic era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Română de Drept European is the property of Wolters Kluwer Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pandectele Române is the property of Wolters Kluwer Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Similarly to the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of ForeignArbitral Awards (1958), the Romanian law did not define a foreign arbitral award, but established the criteria for its qualification, considering that foreign arbitral awards are both the sentences given on the territory of a foreign state and those that are not considered national arbitral awards in Romania. Regarding the effectiveness of a foreign arbitral award, the Romanian Civil Procedure Code stipulates that a foreign arbitral award can be enforced in Romania if it meets two cumulative conditions: the dispute that forms its object can be settled by an arbitral court in Romania and the award does not contain provisions contrary to the public order of Romanian private international law. The court competent to decide on the request for the recognition and enforcement of a foreign arbitral award cannot examine the arbitral award based on the dispute, but only verify its international regularity (validity). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Review of Private Law / Revista Română de Drept Privat is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In light of the Convention on Children's Rights adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 1989 and ratified afterwards by Romania, the state is obliged to take all corresponding measures to protect the child against any form of violence, harm or abuse, during the time in which the child is found in the care of any person whom they were entrusted to, following which, in all actions undertaken, the child's superior interest is to prevail. The desire to discover their own past, with the inclusion of the institutional history in the case of children for whom a measure of special protection and of family identity and biological relatives has been disposed, is one of the most natural need of a person who grew up without parental protection, so that it's satisfaction is imposed without hesitation. On this note, although the state assures a legal framework able to fulfill the desire of children and youngsters to know their own personal history, the bodies which have an essential role in the domain sometimes leave space for arbitration [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Română de Drept al Afacerilor is the property of Wolters Kluwer Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Româna de Dreptul Muncii is the property of Wolters Kluwer Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study hereunder examines the ways of exercising the autonomy of will and the reflection of the principle of freedom of contract in civil procedural law. As freedom of contract, like any other freedom in fact, is not absolute or unlimited, the author quests the ways in which, within the framework of civil procedural law institutions, there are covered and operate certain assumptions which may constitute limits to the freedom of contract. In this perspective, we shall have in view institutions such as legal contracts, mediation or arbitration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pandectele Române is the property of Wolters Kluwer Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pandectele Române is the property of Wolters Kluwer Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pandectele Române is the property of Wolters Kluwer Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Essentially, throughout this study, the authors criticize the completion brought by Law no. 206/2012 both to the previous Code of Civil Procedure and to the new Code of Civil Procedure (republished), which entered into force on 1 February 2012, to the effect that, if an arbitration award involved a dispute relating to the transfer of ownership and / or the establishment of another right in rem on a real estate, the arbitration award will be "submitted" to the Court or the Notary Public to "get a court order or, where appropriate, a notarized document" and only after "verifying" the respective arbitration award (by the Court or the Notary Public), one will proceed to the registration of the arbitral award in the real estate registry and thus the transfer of ownership and / or establishment of rights in rem on thee concerned real estate will be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The effective and efficient mandatory collective management of author's and related rights imposes a good cooperation between the collective management societies, on one hand, and between the collective management societies and the users of the repertoire, on the other hand. In case of failure of negociations between the collective management societies and the users for the conclusion of the methodology for the collection and repartition of patrimonial rights to right owners, the Law No. 8/1996 establishes an arbitration procedure, in front of the tribunal of the Romanian Copyright Office, an administrative body, part of the Romanian Government. The article analysis the main legal issues raised in relation to the arbitration procedure established by the Law No. 8/1996, which reveal major differences to the arbitration procedure regulated by the Romanian Code of Civil Procedure. The question if the procedural exception of constitutional control of Law No. 8/1996 provisions may or may not raised by a party in front of the arbitration tribunal of the Romanian Copyright Office is answered having in view the relevant stipulations of the New Civil Code. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mediation is a method to solve conflicts amicably with help of a specialized person (the mediator), in terms of neutrality, impartiality and confidentiality, having the free will of the parties. Thus this method of resolving conflicts was defined by Law no. 192 from 16th of May 2006. Mediation is a public interest activity which presents multiple advantages over court conflict resolution. There are several ways to mediate: Facilitative Mediation -- is the procedure in which the mediator leads, assists and helps the parties to reach a mutually accepted agreement; Evaluative Mediation -- in addition to the control of the procedure, the mediator is more involved and may even suggest solutions to the dispute; Transformative Mediation -- the basic principle of this method is that it encourages each party to understand the needs, interests and points of view of the opposite party and Narrative Mediation -- is the one in which the mediator, together with the help of the parties, creates an "alternative story" which is a combination of versions of each party and will provide the premises to solve the dispute. However we classify it, mediation is part of ADR (Appropriate Dispute Resolution) together with negotiation, conciliation and arbitration and I would recommend it to anyone who is about to arrive or are already in a state of conflict. Arbitration is an alternative jurisdiction of a private character. Arbitration agreements are concluded in writing and they may take the form of an arbitration clause or of a compromise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Review of Private Law / Revista Română de Drept Privat is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Review of Private Law / Revista Română de Drept Privat is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Review of Private Law / Revista Română de Drept Privat is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The evdence of witnesses in commercial arbitration procedure is not accompanied by Romanian swearing-in. The reasons that could have determined such a regulation may be different: from the absence of formalism to the character of confessing a solemn oath that occurs only in front of the public authorities. However, in practice the use of oath could be allowed giving parties at least the possibility to establish rules of arbitration to be settled after the potential dispute. Regarding the problem of administering oath before an authority, we should remember that the decision of the arbitrator shall have the full effects of a court decision even if it is not pronounced by a court. Therefore, mutatis mutandis, the administration of the oath of witnesses in the arbitration procedure is possible. Furthermore, the American experience, as well as the Romanian courts after entering the religious oath may constitute a mark through the gauntlet that oath makes to each individual's consciousness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Review of Private Law / Revista Română de Drept Privat is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study hereby was inspired by a recent Case where the European Court of Justice (ECJ) ruled upon a petition for a preliminary ruling covering the interpretation of the provisions of Council Directive 93/13/EEC of April 5th, 1993 on unfair terms in consumer contracts made under Article 234 EC (now Article 267 of the Treaty on the functioning of the European Union). Taking our stand upon the issues highlighted by the aforementioned case, namely the possibility of cancellation of an arbitration award by the Court of enforcement and implementation ex officio of the European Union Law by the national court, it should be laid down some clarifications relating, mainly, to the ECJ solution with reference to the principles of the European Union Law, as well as national issues regarding the subject of the enforcement act, the possibility to pursue an appeal against the arbitration award, the principle of availability governing the lawsuit, but also the res judicata of judgments. The authors critically analyze the judgment and bear in mind the relevant Romanian law (including the provisions of Law no. 134/2010 on the new Code of Civil Procedure), and the possible effects in national, arbitration or judicial jurisprudence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the conclusion of the Arbitration Convention there are born a number of contractual relationships between all participants in such Convention, namely: the Arbitration Agreement (between litigants and arbitrators appointed by the same); the Arbitration Cooperation Agreement (in the case of Institutional Arbitration, between arbitrators and the permanent arbitration institution); the Agreement on the Organization of Arbitration (between the Parties and the Arbitration Institution). In the above study there are reviewed the legal issues of the three Agreements, subsequent to the conclusion of the Arbitration Convention mentioned above, namely: The Arbitrators' Agreement, Drafting Arbitration Agreement and the Agreement on the Organization of Arbitration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study below is consecrated to the new procedural regulations regarding the arbitral award. In the first part of the study the author specifies the decisive part of the autonomy of the will in establishing the rules applicable to the arbitration, especially to ad-hoc arbitration. The determination of all procedural rules by arbitrators, in case of ad hoc arbitration, is often difficult. That is why, on the side, respectively in so far as the parties have not established the applicable rules, and those enacted in Book IV of the new Civil Procedure Code are not covering, the author defends the necessity of the access to common law. An emphatic criticism shall be brought to the provisions of art. 594 paragraph 2 of the new Civil Procedure Code, the text requiring the exposure of the arbitral award, comprising provisions on the transfer of the ownership right or the granting of another real right to the law court or to the notary public in order to obtain, as the case may be, the vesting with the „writ of execution" or an „authentic notarial deed". The author's undertaking is focused on the arbitral award, on its content, as well as on the grounds legitimating the exercise of the action for annulment. He considers the action for annulment to be a specific procedural way of abrogating an arbitral award. Interesting considerations are formulated also in relation to the proposal of consecrating the remedy at law of the recourse against the judgment passed by the competent court of appeal. The solution is proposed in the Draft Law for the enforcement of the new Civil Procedure Code. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Compulsory Execution / Revista Română de Executare Silită is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Compulsory Execution / Revista Română de Executare Silită is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Review of Private Law / Revista Română de Drept Privat is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)