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Copyright of Bulletin of the 'Carol I' National Defence University / Buletinul Universitatii Nationale de Aparare 'Carol I' is the property of Carol I National Defence University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Strategic Universe Journal / Univers Strategic is the property of Dimitrie Cantemir Christian University, Institute for Security Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the 'Carol I' National Defence University / Buletinul Universitatii Nationale de Aparare 'Carol I' is the property of Carol I National Defence University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Law for defense planning mentions only the compulsory Government agreement and the Parliament approval of the White Chart of Defense, which is a departamental defense planning document, based on the National Defense Strategy and the Governing Programme, and in accordance with the NATO Strategic Concept. The lwas foresaw a six month term for this document to be send and approved by the new Parliament. In spite of this, the last White Chart which followed all the legal procedures has been adopted in 2004, at the end of the government mandate. Anyway, the defense planning went good, without major hindrances. This leads the authors to put the basic question about the need to have such a document. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the end of the Cold War, NATO was confronted with three different choices: to disintegrate, to resist with the same objectives or to adapt, to get more flexible and ready to respond to a new kind threats. The key of NATO's survival lies in the capacity of the alliance to redefine herself and get based on new elements of cohesion. In spite of the appearance that Europe and America are about to drift apart, neighter has NATO finished its role, nor are its members ready to renounce one to another. The American focus on Asia - Pacific, fully justified, won't come with a necessary withdrawal from Europe, which is unprobable to happen in totality or in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Western states, members of EU and NATO, want to increase security and stability with the Greater Black Sea Area, thus they want a common strategy with UN, OSCE and other organisations in order to solve the regional frozen conflicts, to enhance the speed of democratisation process, the economic reform and the fight agains terrorism, organised crime and proliferation of WMD. Of course, Russia should not be excluded from this process, on the contrary, it must be involved in the cooperative mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1812, by the peace treaty of Bucharest which ended the Ottoman-Russian war, the east part of the Principality of Moldavia was annexed by Russia despite the international right. In 1813 the conqueror gave to this territory the name of Basarabia. From the middle of 16th century this was the cartographic name of the south-east corner of the Principality of Moldavia annexed between 1484 and 1538 by the Ottoman Empire. The sultan's aim was to transform the Black Sea into an Ottoman lake and the Romanian maritime façade was the last Christian possession on the shore. The study presents the 14th century origin of this land as a part of the Principality of Walachia under Basarab dynasty, from who derived the name of this land -- Basarabia. The territorial extension of the Romanian Principality down to Danube and to the Black Sea resulted from the anti-Mongolian Crusade delivered since 1345 and was completed in 1372-1382 by the conquest of Chilia and its region. Many times disputed between Moldavia, Walachia or Hungary, Chilia county remained a possession of the first (1465-1484). As a former part of Walachia -- the land of Basarab dynasty -- the county of Chilia, the north band of territory north to the maritime Danube conserved as an erosion witness the name of Basarabia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article below consists in a succinct analysis of the realities and military developments in Bulgaria during the inter-war period, especially those from 1934-1940 (international status, internal environment, structure and size of budgetary distributions, imports and internal production of weapons and ammunitions, etc), on one hand, and the perceptions and reactions of the Romanian state, both as a sovereign and independent entity and as an actor on the European stage and member of the Balkan Entente, on the other hand. A central element of this analysis is represented by the Bulgarian-Yugoslav Pact of January 1937, considered even more important than the Thessaloniki Agreement (July 31, 1938) from the point of view of the actual military development of Bulgaria and the dissolution of the Balkan Entente. The main sources of this demarche are the Romanian Military Archives and a study written by Ljudmil Petrov, historian and former head of the corresponding institution in Bulgaria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author thinks that states use their involvement in the process of post-conflict reconstruction as an instrument of foreign policy, depending on the size and features of the foreign policy interests and visions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Strategic Monitor / Monitor Strategic is the property of Institute for Political Studies of Defense & Military History and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The year of 1948 brought the complete integration of the Romanian state and military into the Soviet strategic alignment in Europe. The old military body was fully ''democratized' and transformed into a ''people''s army''. The study below consists in an incursion into the doctrine and ideology (and their mutations) that shaped the Romanian military body as an integral part of the communist bloc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theme of this article is the evolution of the Anglo-Romanian military relations during the first years after the Romanian Independence War of 1877-1878. The author is proposing himself to present in details this evolution, pointing at the geopolitical and geostrategic British interests in the position of Romania. After the Congress of Berlin, which didn't solve the "Eastern Question", the concern of the United Kingdom was directed to the tsarist Russia and the policy of this Power, aiming to the conquest of Constantinople and the two strategic straits, Bosphorus and Dardanelles, and to jeopardize in this way the important English commercial route to India. On the other side, the military conquest of the new independent state of Romania by the Russian armies and the forced entry of our country in the political sphere of influence and domination of this Eastern Great Power would surely jeopardize the strong position of the British merchants in the Danubian and the Black Sea trade. In the period analyzed below, 1878-1882, the British authorities and political establishment granted o great importance to the modernization process of the Romanian Army and Fleet, following various aspects, such as: the modernization of the technical knowledge of the Romanian Officers in the British colleges, the offer to the Romanian Army of the latest standard guns, powder, bullets and cannons, and finally, modern warships. And the result was, of course, the expected one: by the end of the year 1882, a modern Romanian Army and Fleet could be noticed, completely different of the 1878 ones, fact remarked by the British diplomats accredited in Bucharest, in their diplomatic correspondence with Foreign Office. A strong Romanian army, able to face any kind of external danger, coming even from a foreign power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The language used by some analysis of security studies in Romania seems to suffer from an excess of repetitions and too frequently used phraseology, thus losing a part of the meaning and the explanatory capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]