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The association between endocarditis with Streptococcus gallolyticus and the development of colorectal cancer is well known, making the endoscopic surveillance at least annually mandatory for patients with this type of endocarditis or bacteraemia. If the link between these two is recognized, the role the bacteria as the promotor of neoplasia is still uncertain and sometimes called into question, whereas many hypotheses have been proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]