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Copyright of Romanian Journal of Intellectual Property Law / Revista Română de Dreptul Proprietăţii Intelectuale is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Th e rapid development of modern information and communication technologies has led to the building of the information society and has had a strong impact on society as a whole with major economic, social, cultural, political consequences, but especially on the everyday life of everyone citizen. Th erefore, the state, through the public policies it proposes, must aim to achieve a fair balance between the development of a dynamic information environment, based on interoperability and services specifi c to the information society, on the one hand, and ensuring respect for the fundamental rights and freedoms of citizens and of the national security interest, on the other hand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of the 'Carol I' National Defence University / Buletinul Universitatii Nationale de Aparare 'Carol I' is the property of Carol I National Defence University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Information Technology & Automatic Control / Revista Română de Informatică și Automatică is the property of National Institute for Research & Development in Informatics - ICI Bucharest and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article explores the development of a comprehensive security strategy for the Black Sea region, focusing on multiple aspects of security, including energy security, conflict management, cyber security and defence cooperation. The implementation of such a strategy involves sustainable efforts and close collaboration between the littoral states, international organisations and external partners. On energy security, the article stresses the importance of developing energy infrastructure, diversifying energy sources and promoting energy efficiency. It also highlights the need to strengthen regional cooperation to address challenges such as conflict management, environmental protection and cyber security. Conflict management is another key element of the strategy, with a focus on identifying, monitoring and resolving conflicts through dialogue and negotiation. Cyber security is treated as a global concern, with an emphasis on the need for close cooperation and information sharing to counter evolving cyber threats. Defence cooperation strengthens military capabilities and improves military security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Strategic Universe Journal / Univers Strategic is the property of Dimitrie Cantemir Christian University, Institute for Security Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the 'Carol I' National Defence University / Buletinul Universitatii Nationale de Aparare 'Carol I' is the property of Carol I National Defence University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

At the level of the European Union, legislative mechanisms have been built in order to contribute to raising the level of cyber security of the Member States and the Union. An important pillar is the NIS Directive for which two versions have already been adopted: the NIS 1 Directive, already in force, and the NIS 2 Directive, which will enter into force instead of the NIS 1 Directive in 2024. In this article the author makes a presentation of the most important features of the NIS2 Directive as compared to the NIS1 Directive, accompanied by some considerations regarding the connections of this Directive with other European regulatory acts already adopted or in the process of being adopted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence (AI) has a significant impact on the future of humanity in almost every field. With the help of AI, computers can process massive amounts of data and use them in the process of decisions’ making. The continuous evolution of AI technologies creates new opportunities and change the way we interact/communicate one another. It is difficult to assert with certainty in which domain the impact of AI will be more significant, as it can vary depending on numerous factors, including the level of technology used, government regulations, technological innovations and changes in market demand. There is an important connection between AI, cybersecurity, cryptanalysis and quantum cryptography, especially in the context of protecting data and communications in the digital age. It is important to emphasize that the impact of AI will depend on how it is managed and implemented, as well as the decision made by society and governments worldwide regarding regulations and ethics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of the 'Carol I' National Defence University / Buletinul Universitatii Nationale de Aparare 'Carol I' is the property of Carol I National Defence University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the 'Carol I' National Defence University / Buletinul Universitatii Nationale de Aparare 'Carol I' is the property of Carol I National Defence University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Information Technology & Automatic Control / Revista Română de Informatică și Automatică is the property of National Institute for Research & Development in Informatics - ICI Bucharest and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Compulsory Execution / Revista Română de Executare Silită is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Providing judicial security, key condition in the rule of law, is presently enhanced by the dynamics and complexity of the cyberspace impact. When talking about cyber threats, even though the issue is generally approached from the perspective of attacks upon network systems and IT&C systems, complex cyber threats may also be generated by the law system. Capture and processing of personal data are carried out through a process called Big data, that provides conversion of the daily life into a data fl ow. The outcome is a new way of social life, based on continuous tracking and which off ers unprecedented opportunities for social discrimination and behavioral infl uence. Through the following paper, we endeavour submitting to a debate ways of providing a stable environment created according to the law system, in the context of the current cyber threats [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fifth generation (5G) of wireless technology represents a complete transformation of telecommunication networks. 5G will transform the digital landscape and serve as a catalyst for innovation, new markets, and economic growth. As tens of billions of devices are connected to the Internet through 5G, these connections will empower a vast array of enhanced critical infrastructure services. It is intended to meet increasing data and communication requirements, including capacity for connected devices that will make up the Internet of Things (IoT), ultra-low latency required for critical near real time communications, and faster speeds to support emerging technologies. 5G is expected to bring security improvements and a better user experience, but supply chain, deployment, and vulnerabilities may affect the security and resilience of 5G networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Information Technology & Automatic Control / Revista Română de Informatică și Automatică is the property of National Institute for Research & Development in Informatics - ICI Bucharest and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The influence of robotics, artificial intelligence, 3D printing, and automation/standardization can be seen in both skilled and unskilled labor. The broad social and economic benefits of the products and services provided by modern technologies could be massive on short term and there might only be a few big winners and many more losers in the short term. Implications are huge: the biggest risk to all of the emerging technologies is the lack of Internet safety and security. Nowadays, the military organizations are already affected and the visible impact is just the beginning. In addition, through the weaponization of Internet and social media using multi-layered security infrastructure of troll factories and bots able to project the power of “alternative realities”, the “enemies” can effectively challenge the “ground truth” of competing societies in order to advance highly disruptive innovations [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The strong emotional reaction generated by the COVID-19 pandemic led to a significant increase in public interest in the subject. The most common searches on the Internet revolve around the virus spread, the ways of infection and the methods used for prevention. Consequently, the active threat actors from the cyberspace took advantage of the changes that occurred in the population lifestyle by exploiting the inadequate or non-existent security measures, especially in the context of the unanimous work from home policy. Organizations must not only respond to cyber-attacks by identifying and mitigating vulnerabilities, but also be able to recover from them. This article addresses the trends observed in cyberspace in the pandemic context, the major changes seen in the modus operandi of the attackers and the response of the authorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pandectele Române is the property of Wolters Kluwer Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

5G Technology, while being operationalized before the implementation of the specific assigned standard IMT-2020, is considered to be a game changer in the communications field with an impact on the industry and society equivalent with the Internet breakthrough. 5G has the capacity to enhance civil and military communications systems, the intelligence field and critical communications infrastructures. Despite all the benefits brought by the new technology, 5G has become the source of the first strategic dispute between US and China in the technological field (non-literary known as the first „cold war in technology field”). This article is presenting an analytic perspective of the risks associated with the 5G with regard to national security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Română de Drept al Afacerilor is the property of Wolters Kluwer Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Information Technology & Automatic Control / Revista Română de Informatică și Automatică is the property of National Institute for Research & Development in Informatics - ICI Bucharest and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Strategic Universe Journal / Univers Strategic is the property of Dimitrie Cantemir Christian University, Institute for Security Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Information Technology & Automatic Control / Revista Română de Informatică și Automatică is the property of National Institute for Research & Development in Informatics - ICI Bucharest and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the 'Carol I' National Defence University / Buletinul Universitatii Nationale de Aparare 'Carol I' is the property of Carol I National Defence University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

From the Ancient Times to our modern, hyper - technologised and fast paced lives, the fake news concept influThe world of the 21st century has become more and more complex, dynamic, uncertain, and is undergoing an evolution with spectacular changes in which "threats are becoming more diversified and interconnected." Globalization as a multidimensional phenomenon through "growing interdependencies creates real possibilities to achieve economic prosperity, the spread of political freedom and the promotion of peace. However, there are strong forces of social fragmentation, critical vulnerabilities and outbreaks of violence and conflict. Globalization and the internet technology, through its evolution, have demonstrated that "cyber security has evolved rapidly from technical discipline to strategic concept" through the impact internet technology has on society through the power that many actors acquire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Information Technology & Automatic Control / Revista Română de Informatică și Automatică is the property of National Institute for Research & Development in Informatics - ICI Bucharest and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Naval security in a war of any kind-and even more so in a hybrid war that comes out of the limits of any symmetry, dissymmetry and even asymmetry, and acquires extremely powerful and sophisticated valences in all confrontational environments, including the environment cyber and cognospathies-becomes vital not only for the naval action itself in the march, stationary or confrontation area, but in everything and everything related to the ship's operational and vitality, for the proper functioning of the equipment and the actual fulfi llment of the missions, in the information space, command-control and combat platforms. The cyber security of a ship must be continuous, suffi cient, complete, fl exible, consistent with the cyber security of all the actors in the theater, active, imaginative, omnidirectional and continually adaptable to any situation, but especially capable of overtaking, pre-emption and prediction. Cyber security is not only a security component between others, is integrate, network based, fast and defi ning one. That is why its confi guration, planning and assurance are related to the cyber vitality of all combat units, to the continuous cooperation, to the rapid action and reaction of all systems, to the multiplication of the unpredictable variables and the fl uid risk. In the following, we will highlight our concerns in this regard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Romania's great achievements have enabled fast near the area of freedom, security and justice from the European Union. In fact this situation has forced many adoption decisions. who had sent quickly and safely factors charge for implementing them in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of the 'Carol I' National Defence University / Buletinul Universitatii Nationale de Aparare 'Carol I' is the property of Carol I National Defence University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Information Technology & Automatic Control / Revista Română de Informatică și Automatică is the property of National Institute for Research & Development in Informatics - ICI Bucharest and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Information Technology & Automatic Control / Revista Română de Informatică și Automatică is the property of National Institute for Research & Development in Informatics - ICI Bucharest and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Information Technology & Automatic Control / Revista Română de Informatică și Automatică is the property of National Institute for Research & Development in Informatics - ICI Bucharest and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the 'Carol I' National Defence University / Buletinul Universitatii Nationale de Aparare 'Carol I' is the property of Carol I National Defence University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to protect the consumers, European Union created a law project that enforce producers and merchants commercialize only products or services that do not affect life, health or integrity of them. Each country member has a specific organization that verifies the conformity of products and services, and if this law is infringed, it takes the necessary measures that the person responsible pays the damages for the prejudiced customer. It was also created Rapid Exchange of Information System (RAPEX) which is the EU rapid alert system for unsafe consumer products and consumer protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the global strategic trends today and in the medium term as well as on their effects and implications in relation to the security environment. The trends are mainly associated with demographics, environment, globalisation and the new world order, technological development, terrorism and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, resources and energy security. Their effects on the civil system, economic system, security environment, maritime environment and military environment are analysed. In conclusion, it is shown that the response to security threats, including the provisions relating to the use of force, should be adapted to the new realities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study the author makes a comprehensive analysis of cyber crime and how to fight, prevent and investigate this. The analytical approach is based on the definition of cyber crime, of its characteristics, and finally on the identification of the specific means of evidence that are used in the criminal investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

„Broadening the security scope determined not only to outline the new areas of security, but also the development of normative acts, aimed to establish the functionality measures assigned to prevent the risks and threats on national security.“ [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]