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Compared to germ sensitive tuberculosis (TB), in the case of multi-drug resistant (MDR TB) or extended drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR TB) the prognosis is unfavourable, by prolonging therapy and its success is relatively limited. Early diagnosis and swift establishment of the target therapy and according to the extended antibiogram are very important for the success of therapy. Abandonment and improper therapy in most cases lead to therapeutic failure and premature death. This paper presents the case of a patient presenting primary resistance of XDR TB type, with therapeutic non-compliance and abandonment, evolution being unfavourable and resulted in premature death of the patient [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After the 1940s it was believed that tuberculosis (TB) will be eradicated. Nowdays there is a recrudescence of the disease since the '80s, recorded difficulties associated with resistance to therapy, the emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) and since 2006 the extensive chemoresistant form (XDR TB). Severe cases of TB were recorded also in the Pneumology Hospital Sibiu, and in recent years have reported the first cases of XDR TB. We proposed conducting a prospective analysis of the degree of resistance to tuberculostatic therapy, how it was installed in time and characteristics of the patients taken in the study (epidemiological, habitual, clinical, therapeutic etc.). The study found an high risk of primary resistance among MDR TB close contacts in the family (9 patients of the 21 identified with primary resistance MDR), a relatively high prevalence of XDR TB cases (7 patients in the 58 taken in the study, representing 12.06%), increased resistance to Fluoroquinolones and Kanamycin [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]