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The nine papers in this booklet were presented at three sessions of the IFLA General Conference. The text of the first paper, "Presidential Address at the Opening of the IFLA Council and General Conference: Moscow 1991" (Hans-Peter Geh, President of IFLA), is provided in English, German, and Russian. The text of the second paper, "Libraries and Culture," (N. N. Gubenko, Minister of Culture of the USSR) is provided in English, French, and Russian. Six of the seven remaining papers, which include four reports on IFLA's professional activities, are presented in English: (1) "IFLA Core Programme for Universal Availability of Publications (UAP). Medium Term Programme 1992-1997" (Graham P. Cornish); (2) "The Medium-Term Programme 1992-1997 of the UBCIM Core Programme" (Marie-France Plassard); (3) "Medium Term Programme 1992-1997. Universal Dataflow and Telecommunications Core Programme" (Leigh Swain); (4) "The Medium Term Programme 1992-1997 of IFLA's Core Programme for the Advancement of Librarianship in the Third World--ALP" (Birgitta Bergdahl); (5) "Chinese Libraries for the Promotion of International Cultural Exchange and Cooperation" (Li-Yi-Ti, China); and (6) "National Identity and International Knowledge: The Library's Bridging Role" (Alan E. Smith, New Zealand). The final paper, "Aculturacion y Bibliotecas: Analisis y Propuestas de Actuacion" (J. Fuentes Romero, Spain), is presented in Spanish. (MAB)

Copyright of Vēsture: Avoti un Cilvēki is the property of Daugavpils University, Faculty of Humanities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper analyzes the relationship between reading and systematization. It is dedicated to the problems of formation, development and analysis history of classification of the sciences by Hugh of Saint Victor. The article investigates an influence of Hugh’s classification of the sciences on the evolution of classification ideas and, particularly, on the development of systematization. The conclusion points out the dependence of reading level to the proper ordering of the priorities of the study data.

The paper emphasizes relevance of library's old printed books collection to the university educational processes. It outlines the structure of this library stock, dwelling on some remarkable rare books. Rare books and manuscripts Department's relations with other library and university departments are also described, as well as its own service activities. Some words are dedicated to the integration of Rare books and manuscripts Department's collection into the world cultural space.

The paper presents directions of library’s activity development are examined taking into account the cardinal changes of informative infrastructure of society.

The paper work speaks the development of innovative vectors of university library for information support of higher education research activity. As possible solutions mentioned: creation and maintenance of university repositories, the implementation of library model as an electronic publisher of scientific open access magazines, realization of library and scientometric research, information and analytical activities.

Copyright of Proceedings of the International Congress on Process Engineering - Processing is the property of Union of Mechanical & Electrotechnical Engineers & Technicians of Serbia (SMEITS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article outlines the process of setting up a digital repository of the Maksymovych Scientific Library of the Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University. It briefly describes old printed books collection as a basis of digital repository. It also pays attention to digitalizing process and, finally, specifies the type of a library online resource which may be applied to this particular digital collection.

The current state of security research work of library and information resources. Theses of the report provide an automated analytic-synthetic processing of documents (ASPD) as part of the process of an information retrieval formation system library. The main stages of ASPD were analyzed. It was found that the provision of research library and information resources requires a modern multifunctional Library Automation System, implemented in an electronic environment.

The article presents the analytical review of Colon classification. It the main structural properties of this classification in the context of practical use of its conceptual possibilities. It have been determined the conclusion has been made as to the current state and prospects of Colon classification in professional systematic practice.

The thesis describes creation and development of the digital collection of the Maksimovich Scientific library (Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv) since 2006 with information about its content and research potential added. Special features of collection referring to representation of repository content are examined. It is concluded that further activities are required to expand such collections as it appears to be an important direction of integration with foreign information-oriented society.

Linguistic and methodological support of the scientific processing of information resources in the Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine.

Transformation worksheets library classification as a consequence of a modern agricultural science.

The statement of the popular Slovenian philosopher Slavoj Žižek -„Every state needs its own Balkan” best describes uniquenessof the Balkans. From this point of view, the treatment of the Balkans as 'rhetoric of the otherness' is totally justified. In that sensewe are talkingabout Europe without boundaries and for a difference between the physical and mental presence of borders. As Žižek pointed, the latter is more difficult to remove and is usually transferred from one generation to another in a process known as mental mapping- which also means that 'Balkan' in the European mental perception presents 'the other'. Other common features that converge Balkan nations except language and religion can be divided into several areas: the culture, the nature of state institutions, common historical past, and similar social structure of the population. In order to confirm that uniqueness Balkan also accept the negative stereotypes which are attributed to him. So it is often defined as "the dark side of Europe", "its anti-civilization element". But at the same time every state needs its own 'Balkan' for dividing itself from the others. However it must be emphasized that similarities that connect the Balkan peoples and which has created the perception of the Balkans as a separate entity on the territory of Europe, have no intention to isolate Balkan from the rest of Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Religious freedoms and their regulation by international and regional legal instruments, is undoubtedly considered the foundation of every modern democracy. Freedom of conscience and religious beliefs have a Millennium character and their origins are grounded in the being of man and his community. Based on the concept ofthe generally known separation of the religious feelings of the state - the legal system in the country is developing specific symbiotic blend of state with the two major religious communities. The State more or less has successfully managed this very sensitive issue elaborated as a fundamental principle of the human rights, of course only if it is practiced as an individual rather than a collective right, which must not jeopardize the rights of others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The publication shows how academic libraries being the integral and important part of the university, can and may influence the university positions in the ranking of the world universities, particularly in the world ranking on the internet sites Ranking Web of Universities (Webometrics). Established in 2012 Repository of the Belarusian National Technical University (BNTU), marketing activity in social networks, university structure optimization, everyday work at the BNTU web-presentation made it possible to enhance in Webometrics at almost 5000 positions within two years, occupying in this ranking the second place in Belarus after Belarusian State University (BSU). The part “Excellence” will be relevant for all the most authoritative rankings of the universities of the world.

DSpace is software used for building an open access digital content archive (digital repository). The DSpace platform was developed by Hewlett-Packard Company together with MIT libraries (Massachusetts Institute of Technology). As a service DSpace was released on November 4th, 2002 and was supported by MIT labs. The source code had been open to public on the terms of BSD license to encourage the foundation of an opensource community around DSpace. More information can be obtained from the official DSpace site. DSpace has been developed under the influence of the research in the digital libraries systems. The Scholarly Communication movement also influenced a lot on DSpace development. As a result of that, its configuration is targeted for scientific and scholarly publications. As opposed to several analogs, there are no tools for authors in DSpace to provide unassisted deposit of their own content. DSpace provides a platform for a long term storage and access to digital content, used in scholarly research. The Digital Archive of the Ural Federal University is one of the successful examples of DSpace usage in Russia.

Thematic analysis of the input stream of the economic literature as a prerequisite for improving the classification worksheets library.

Library systematization as a component of ensuring the effectiveness of information search.

The main principles and processes of organising work of eKMAIR (Electronic Kiev-Mohyla Academy Institutional Repository) electronic archive of «Kiev-Mohyla Academy» National University are presented. Special emphasis is made on DSpace open code software, which is the basis of eKMAIR.

Copyright of LANGUAGE ACQUISITION: Problems & Perspective: Conference Proceedings is the property of Liepaja University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

After the end of the World War I, the Entente forces, in their capacity as victors, made the division of territories in the Balkans. In this sense, the French domination was largely reduced vis-à-visGreat Britain, domination, which took over the role as the victorious country in the Balkans and elsewhere.Acting as a colonial power in decline, at the Paris Peace Conferencethe French foreign policy will draw the main contours of the new state entities of the Balkan Peninsula, with the exception of Greece, which will be protected by the Englishstrategicinterest. The Versailles system, which has defined the borders in Europe since the 1941, will order the Sevres Treaty from August 10, 1920 in regards to the OttomanEmpire. This agreement proposed affixation of Eastern Thrace and the Smyrna area to Greece, which was followed by the revolutionary reaction led by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. The Greek - Turkish warerupts in March 1921, under the leadership of Ataturk, requesting retrieval of full independence of the state and the protection of the national interests of the Turkish people of their own national territory. Military actions were terminated with the signing of the Lausanne Treaty on July 24, 1923. As a result of the war, the Republic of Turkeyproclaimed independence on October 29, 1923, an event that officially marked the abolishment of the Empire and the Caliphate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a form of a state Hereditary Monarchy aroused in Europe in the period between X and XV century, and it was founded by the patrimonial state during the period between V and X century. The basic characteristics of a hereditary monarchy were manifested by two basic assumptions: first, by the perception of the contractual basis of the power of their ruler; and second by the thesis in classical feudal system which has already relied on Roman Byzantine principle - princeps legibus non solutes, or princeps legibus alligatus, in the sense that the ruler is bound by the laws. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Proceedings of the International Congress on Process Engineering - Processing is the property of Union of Mechanical & Electrotechnical Engineers & Technicians of Serbia (SMEITS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Proceedings of the International Congress on Process Engineering - Processing is the property of Union of Mechanical & Electrotechnical Engineers & Technicians of Serbia (SMEITS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article analyses experimental studies of lexical ambiguity (polysemy and homonymy). In total, 42 papers published between 1981 and 2017 were selected for analysis. Selected works were analyzed from the point of view of a) interaction of the main factors of lexical ambiguity resolution (meaning dominance and context), b) modularity/ interactivity of language systems. The choice of these issues was caused by the fact that, despite a significant number of papers addressing them, a common theoretical model of lexical ambiguity resolution is still missing. The analysis concluded that none of the existing models could be chosen as the only true one. I believe that it is more promising to combine all models into one; in this case, we should not talk about "models" but about "algorithms" or "strategies". This merge is compatible with the results of studies of hemispheric asymmetry, which showed that the right and left hemispheres differently process ambiguous words. This difference is projected on the difference between the two main points of view on language processing, interactive and modular. Also, as a result of the analysis, the properties of meaning dominance and context as the main factors influencing the perception of ambiguity are summarized, and the ways and possibilities of their interaction are determined. These factors can participate in the process of resolving ambiguity autonomously or together, with different functions, speed, and levels of perception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of LANGUAGE ACQUISITION: Problems & Perspective: Conference Proceedings is the property of Liepaja University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Vēsture: Avoti un Cilvēki is the property of Daugavpils University, Faculty of Humanities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Challenges to the Legal System is the property of University of East Sarajevo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Vēsture: Avoti un Cilvēki is the property of Daugavpils University, Faculty of Humanities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Vēsture: Avoti un Cilvēki is the property of Daugavpils University, Faculty of Humanities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present paper explores the conditions of the emancipation of serfs of the private estates and the state-owned ones in the North-West Russia due to the reforms in 1863 and 1866, their organization and management arrangements. The paper describes the implementation of the acts of 26 June, 1863, 18 January, 1866, and 24 November, 1866 by the local authorities. The intention of the Government and local authorities to change the conditions of the serfs of the private estates and state-owned ones to the conditions of private-owned ones, which could be bought out, is examined. The process of the title-deeds creation is explored. A special attention is given to the procedure of dealing with allotments for the former serfs from private estates and state-owned serfs. Particular details are revealed about the emancipation of the private-owned and state-owned peasants from feudal duties in comparison with the former peasant serfs. The reasons for the reduction of land received by the peasants during the reforms as compared to the pre-reform allotments are explained. Insufficiency of the peasant households during the whole post-reform period is defined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of LANGUAGE ACQUISITION: Problems & Perspective: Conference Proceedings is the property of Liepaja University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

On this short essay, we will question whether there is any practical difference today between a Social Democratic government and Hayek's neoliberal view of the state. For that, we will go through a review of Hayek's thought on certain aspects of the functions of the state. After, we will take shortly on Keynesian doctrine and, taking into account the current European financial crisis, we would analyse what proposal both chains of thought propose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article we deal with imagined presentations of the studied literary pieces, for whose formation the socio-political context in which they were created plays a vital role. More specifically, this paper explores imaginary experiments with imagological characters, taken from the novels Sahib by Nenad Veličković and Nowhere Man by Aleksandar Hemon. The purpose of this paper is to initiate a change in the way Balkan and European cultures perceive each other, with the aim of correcting mutual negative stereotypes present in all sectors of life. This change of direction is difficult to establish, especially when taking into account the wide dispersion of stereotypes, their centuries-long persistence, and their function in considering the dissimilar as something strange and foreign. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Proceedings of the Sarajevo Philogy Meetings / Sarajevski Filoloski Susreti is the property of Bosnian Philological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Vēsture: Avoti un Cilvēki is the property of Daugavpils University, Faculty of Humanities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Vēsture: Avoti un Cilvēki is the property of Daugavpils University, Faculty of Humanities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Vēsture: Avoti un Cilvēki is the property of Daugavpils University, Faculty of Humanities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Vēsture: Avoti un Cilvēki is the property of Daugavpils University, Faculty of Humanities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Vēsture: Avoti un Cilvēki is the property of Daugavpils University, Faculty of Humanities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An introduction is presented in which the author discusses articles within the issue on topics including the political science in Republic of Macedonia and the development of the political science thoughts.

Copyright of Vēsture: Avoti un Cilvēki is the property of Daugavpils University, Faculty of Humanities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Vēsture: Avoti un Cilvēki is the property of Daugavpils University, Faculty of Humanities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Vēsture: Avoti un Cilvēki is the property of Daugavpils University, Faculty of Humanities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Vēsture: Avoti un Cilvēki is the property of Daugavpils University, Faculty of Humanities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Vēsture: Avoti un Cilvēki is the property of Daugavpils University, Faculty of Humanities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of BCES Conference Proceedings is the property of Bulgarian Comparative Education Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

On 3 July, 1910 Nikolai II arrived to Riga and the great celebrations of the bicentenary of Livland’s accession to the Russian Empire began. The information about those events was provided in detail by Latvian newspapers expressing different tendencies in the Latvian society. The author of the present paper analyses the materials of 9 Latvian periodicals. The most popular and large-circulation newspapers such as “Dzimtenes Vēstnesis”, “Latviešu Avīzes”, “Jaunas Latviešu Avīzes” wrote with delight about the great happiness of Latvians upon meeting their beloved monarch and his family. The newspapers published speeches of the Latvian public figures representing the Latvian bourgeoisie who told that the Latvians were thankful to the Russian monarchs as they had found their fatherland to be wealthy in Russia. “Latviešu Avīzes” stressed that the Latvians’ patriotic behavior during the Emperor’s visit rehabilitated them after their very active participation in the revolution of 1905. Still publications of the other newspapers showed that a large part of the Latvian society did not feel the same love to the Empire. Those newspapers paid more attention to the 5th Song Festival, which was held in the framework of the celebrations. Some periodicals were rather skeptical of the faithful speeches and behavior of the Latvian bourgeoisie. They agreed that there were many positive changes in the life of Latvians, but they believed that the development of the Latvian nation needed the formation of the national school system and the reform of the regional administration system, which would provide wide participation of the Latvians in the administration of the Baltic provinces. This meant the beginning of the Latvian national autonomy, which did not correspond with the imperial nature of the Russian monarchy, and could not be adopted without a radical change in the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]