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The article is about studying clustering technology to improve relational database management system availability and scalability. The experimental stand was prepared to study Oracle RAC technology and test its capabilities. The teaching material based on testing results obtained was prepared.

Introduction. It has been established that adhesions in the abdominal cavity are a natural protective and adaptive reaction in response to peritoneal damage, but excessive adhesions are not only a pathological process, but also causes intestinal obstruction in children in 62%.Purpose: to study the pathogenetic aspects of prevention of surgical adhesions.Results. A large number of preventive strategies have been proposed, which are aimed at certain adhesion etiopathogenesis zones, such as inflammation and exudation reduction; coagulation cascade inhibition, fibrin matrix and fibrin deposition formation; fibrinolysis process potentiation; fibroblast proliferation inhibition; neoangiogenesis inhibition; free radical oxidation prevention caused by hypoxia; prevention of contact between damaged peritoneal areas.Conclusions. The problem of prevention of excessive intra-abdominal adhesions remains relevant due to imperfection of the existing variety of methods of prevention and treatment of adhesive intestinal obstruction, and one of the main tasks of its solution in children is to find a sparing and, at the same time, effective way to prevent excessive intra-abdominal adhesions at preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative stages.

Objective: Optimization of postoperative intraabdominal adhesions modeling. Material and methods. The objects of the study were 17 mature rats of the Wistar line of both sexes weighing 200–250 g. Experimental modeling of postoperative intraabdominal adhesions was carried out under aseptic conditions (the 1st series, 11 animals) and in peritonitis conditions (the 2nd series, 6 animals) . Results. We have used the Matoba score scale for the quantitative assessment of the adhesion process, as well as to analyze the models with the involvement of the cecum: the average score of the adhesion process in the 1st group was 4.90 (3.00; 6.00), in the peritonitis conditions – 4.83 (2.00; 7.00). Formation of the intraperitoneal adhesion process was achieved in all experimental animals (100 %). Formation of adhesions between the cecum and the abdominal wall was noted in 66.7 % of cases. Conclusions. For the experimental reproduction of intraabdominal adhesions in aseptic conditions, it is advisable to use a method of simulation by abrasions of the serous cover of cecum with a cervical brush along the intestine till the appearance of spot hemorrhages in the form of “blood dew” and damage to the parietal peritoneum in the lower quadrants, which provides the development of adhesive intraabdominal process in all experimental animals. For experimental reproduction of intraabdominal adhesions in peritonitis it is expedient for 20 hours prior to the above-described method of modeling to complete an intraperitoneal injection of 2 ml of fecal suspension into a physiological solution of sodium chloride, which provides the development of an adhesive intra-abdominal process under conditions of fibrinous purulent peritonitis in all experimental animals. The obtained data allowed to consider the developed models to be adequate for further experimental research with the aim of studying intraabdominal prophylaxis of adhesion formation under conditions of infection and in aseptic conditions.

Мета. Вивчити вплив антиадгезивних гелів (ААГ) на основі гіалуронату натрію на формування інтраперитонеальних спайок в експерименті. Матеріали і методи. Дослідження проведено на 45 статевозрілих щурах (самцях і самках) лінії Wistar масою тіла 200 – 250 г. На першому етапі створювали модель інтраабдомінального спайкоутворення, на другому - вивчали вплив ААГ на основі гіалуронату натрію на інтраабдомінальне спайкоутворення в асептичних умовах та в умовах інфікування. Результати. У тварин, яким після створення моделі інтраабдомінального спайкоутворення в умовах інфікування застосували локальну аплікацію концентрованого гелю (10 мг/мл) на основі гіалуронату натрію, спостерігали достовірно більш низькі показники тяжкості інтраабдомінального спайкоутворення (р < 0,01) за всіма шкалами оцінки. Повна обробка черевної порожнини ААГ істотно запобігала тяжкості і поширеності післяопераційних перитонеальних спайок (р < 0,05). За наявності перитоніту тяжкістьспайкового процесу була оцінена в середньому в 2,14 бала (0; 5) за шкалою Matoba, поширеність – в 1,0 бала (0; 2) за шкалою Hoffman, що також достовірно нижче у порівнянні з контрольною групою – відповідно 5,17 (3; 7) та 2,17 (2; 3) бала. Висновки. Аплікація гелю гіалуронату натрію в концентрації 10 мг/мл на ділянки перитонеального пошкодження є ефективним способом профілактики післяопераційного інтраабдомінального спайкоутворення в експерименті. Зрошення черевної порожнини гелем гіалуронату натрію в концентрації 5 мг/мл зменшує тяжкість та поширеність післяопераційного спайкоутворення в асептичних умовах та за наявності перитоніту в експерименті. Локальна аплікація гелю гіалуронату натрію в концентрації 5 мг/мл не чинить статистично значущого пригнічення спайкоутворення.

The solution of the problem of unstable parameters of the output voltage of wind power plants because of the inconstancy of wind flow, limiting the scope of their application based on the transition to the development of pneumatic power plant, containing energy accumulators in the form of high-pressure compressed air tanks in its structure is considered in the paper. Concrete design of low-capacity pneumatic power plant is proposed. The issue of calculating and selecting the sizes of energy accumulators in the form of high-pressure tanks, taking into account certain intervals of the wind flow is studied. Duration of continuous operation of the electrical load with power of up to 1 kW at various energy accumulator capacities is determined. The choice of power of the load consumed from the condition of its uninterruptible power supply with the presence of constraints on the sizes of the energy accumulators, their charging rate, installed capacity of the power generator, type size of the wind wheel, as well as constancy of the wind flow strength and speed are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study is devoted to the origins of the cult of Venus of Eryx, whose temple was erected on the Capitol during the Hannibal War. After analyzing the sources, the author studied both the specific historical context of the establishment of a new cult, and the connection of the new deity with various hypostases of Venus, which became widespread in the territory of ancient Italy. The author associated the creation of the cult of Venus Erucina, firstly, with victories during the struggle between Rome and Carthage and, secondly, with an attempt to integrate Rome into the cultural space of the Greek world, since Venus was identified with Aphrodite. The scientific novelty of the undertaken study lies in the fact that the author, taking into account the famous senatusconsultum on bacchanalia, put forward a hypothesis about the conduct in 186-184 BC by the Porcii clan and their allies, a kind of religious reform, which made it possible, on the one hand, to preserve the Greek traditions of the veneration of Venus of Eryx, and on the other hand, to “cleanse” the cult of Venus Capitoline from foreign influences.

The paper presents the first analysis of crowdsourcing data of all observations of fungi (including lichens) and myxomycetes in Northwestern Siberia uploaded to iNaturalist.org to date (24.02.2022). The Introduction presents an analysis of fungal diversity crowdsourcing globally, in Russia, and in the region of interest. Materials and methods describe the protocol of uploading data to iNaturalist.org, the structure of the crowdsourcing community, initiative to revise the accumulated data, procedures of data analysis, and compilation of a dataset of revised crowdsourced data. The Results present the analysis of accumulated data by several parameters: temporal, geographical and taxonomical scope, observation and identification efforts, identifiability of various taxa, species novelty and Red Data Book categories and the protection status of registered observations. The Discussion provides data on usability of crowdsourcing data for biodiversity research and conservation of fungi, including pros and contras. The Electronic Supplements to the paper include an annotated checklist of observations of protected species with information on Red Data Book categories and the protection status, and an annotated checklist of regional records of new taxa. The paper is supplemented with a dataset of about 15 000 revised and annotated records available through Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). The tradition of crowdsourcing is rooted in mycological societies around the world, including Russia. In Northwestern Siberia, a regional mycological club was established in 2018, encouraging its members to contribute observations of fungi on iNaturalist.org. A total of about 15 000 observations of fungi and myxomycetes were uploaded so far, by about 200 observers, from three administrative regions (Yamalo-Nenetsky Autonomous Okrug, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, and Tyumen Region). The geographical coverage of crowdsourcing observations remains low. However, the observation activity has increased in the last four years. The goal of this study consisted of a collaborative effort of professional mycologists invited to help with the identification of these observations and analysis of the accumulated data. As a result, all observations were reviewed by at least one expert. About half of all the observations have been identified reliably to the species level and received Research Grade status. Of those, 90 species (195 records) represented records of taxa new to their respective regions; 876 records of 53 species of protected species provide important data for conservation programmes. The other half of the observations consists of records still under-identified for various reasons: poor quality photographs, complex taxa (impossible to identify without microscopic or molecular study), or lack of experts in a particular taxonomic group. The Discussion section summarises the pros and cons of the use of crowdsourcing for the study and conservation of regional fungal diversity, and summarises the dispute on this subject among mycologists. Further research initiatives involving crowdsourcing data must focus on an increase in the quality of observations and strive to introduce the habit of collecting voucher specimens among the community of amateurs. The timely feedback from experts is also important to provide quality and the increase of personal involvement.

The article is devoted to the poorly studied problem of the origin of the name Yuraki, which the Russians, as well as the Enets and Nganasans, called the group of the Samoed-speaking population that wandered along the northern outskirts of Western Siberia in the 17th — first half of the 20th century. On the basis of published and unpublished archival materials, information from the works of Russian and foreign scientists, as well as dictionaries of the peoples of the North, we attempted to identify the ethnic composition of the Yuraks, the boundaries of their settlement, determine the chronological framework for the emergence and existence of this name and clarify its origin. The research has resulted in a number of reasonable conclusions and assumptions. The name Yuraki appeared in the 17th century, when the tax policy of the tsarist administration in the north of Western Siberia provoked active resistance of certain groups of the nomadic Samoyed population. Russians called the Yoraks / Yuraks nomadic in the deep tundra, who did not pay a permanent tax, tundra and forest Nenets and Enets, as well as a mixed Nenets-Enets group. This name comes from the Nenets word Yor meaning "depth". By the 19th century, the Nenets of the Yenisei province began to be called Yuraks, regardless of the tax system. In the Soviet household documents of the Dolgan-Nenets National District, this name appeared until the middle of the 20th century.

The article is devoted to the study of the Second Chapter Agriculture of Cato the Elder. The author pays the main attention to the advice of Cato not to give full rations to sick slaves, which became widely known thanks to the biographical work of Plutarch. Not denying the possibility the existence of such a practice, the author attempts to identify its roots, originating in the traditions of traditional medicine, which is reflected in the 126-157 chapters of Catos Agriculture. In particular, attention is drawn to the author's repeated mention that medication should be taken on an empty stomach, for which Cato consistently uses the Latin term ieiunus. In particular, the author draws attention to the fact that Cato often mentions that the intake of medicines should be made on a empty stomach, for which the Roman author often uses the Latin term ieiunus. In general, the text of Catos work reflects work reflects as archaic beliefs and norms, as well as new concepts and values.

At the end of the first decade of the 21st century, relations between Russia and Greece entered a protracted period of stagnation, which continues to this day, despite numerous attempts by both countries to intensify political dialogue. One of the reasons is the general degradation of Russia’s relations with the Western countries, which intensified in the middle of the last decade against the backdrop of the Ukrainian crisis. At the same time, the “sanctions wars” have become an important, but not the only reason for the reduction in bilateral contacts. There were other factors as well: Greece’s dissatisfaction with the excessively close cooperation between Russia and Turkey, different views on NATO’s Eastern enlargement, as well as interchurch disagreements.On the economic plane, Russian-Greek cooperation was hampered by the desire of Greece to diversify its energy supplies, the food embargo regime introduced by Russia against the EU countries, as well as the policy of investment protectionism pursued by Greece towards Russian companies.The greatest success has been achieved in the humanitarian field. Due to the cultural and historical closeness of the two peoples, as well as due to the disappointment of the Greeks in the results of European integration, Greece remains one of the few countries where most people treat Russia with sympathy. At the same time, the perception of Russia by the Greeks is distorted and often fragmentary. The positive effect of Russian-Greek humanitarian cooperation is often overshadowed by negative coverage of Russian foreign policy in the Greek media.

This article attempts to assess the role of migration processes in the urban development of Athens over an extended period of time – since 1834, when the city became the capital of an independent Greek state, up to this day. The history of modern Athens, which in less than a century has turned from a small regional center into one of the ten largest urban agglomerations in the European Union, is a peculiar case of Mediterranean-type spontaneous urbanization with all its drawbacks, such as illegal construction, excessively high population density and infrastructural problems. At the turn of the 20th century Athens faced a new challenge – the mass inflow of immigrants from the former Yugoslavian countries and Albania, and after Greece entered the Schengen zone – from the countries of North Africa, the Middle East and South Asia. During the 2015 migration crisis, Greece became the main gateway for hundreds of thousands of refugees and economic migrants to the European Union. These trends have had a direct impact on the economy and social environment of the Greek capital, reinforcing challenges such as an increase in the number of low-income residents, ethnic segregation by regions and suburbanization – relocation of indigenous people from a dilapidated center to safer and more comfortable suburbs and satellite towns.The need for a transition to more responsible urban planning became apparent in the 1980s, when the first (to be legislated) master plan was adopted, which determined the development strategy for the manufacturing sector, transport system, land use and housing market policies. A serious incentive for the implementation of infrastructure projects – partially funded by EU structural funds – was the holding of the 2004 Olympic Games. In 2014, against the backdrop of a debt crisis and economic recession, the city administration adopted Athens Resilience Strategy for 2030, which takes into account such chronic problems as infrastructure degradation, irregular migration, as well as poor management at the regional and prefectural levels. Presently, due to the lack of necessary financial resources, a decisive role in improving the urban environment is assigned to the private sector. Thus, municipal authorities contribute to the gentrification of the central regions of Athens, which have got unfulfilled tourism and investment potential, providing significant tax benefits and incentives for doing business.

The COVID-19 pandemic has become a serious test for the Hellenic Republic, which still has not recovered from the consequences of the debt crisis and the «great recession» of the late 2000s and the first half of the 2010s. Thanks to the strict quarantine, Greece, unlike other South European countries, managed to significantly slow down the spread of the disease and avoid large casualties. At the same time, the partial shutdown of the economy in the spring of 2020 caused a sharp decline in economic activity, which was only partially compensated by stimulus measures to support the population and businesses. The economy was also affected by the drop in overseas demand for Greek services, primarily tourism and transport. Further economic dynamics will depend, first of all, on three factors – external economic conditions, the size of financial assistance from the EU and the efficiency of its spending, as well as the government’s readiness to continue institution- al reforms aimed at increasing economic competitiveness.

In March 2019, the Italian government launched a new social program, known as citizens’ income, at the initiative of the Five Star Movement. Contrary to its name, it has little in common with the increasingly topical concept of unconditional basic income, which implies regular fixed cash payments to all residents, regardless of their financial situation. The current scheme in Italy is addressed only to the least well-off citizens and long-term residents whose monthly income is less than 780 euros. Cash payments are linked to a number of rather strict criteria — a long stay in Italy, registration in employment services and willingness to accept the proposed job, attendance of professional training courses, etc. Citizen’s income is heavily criticized by the business community, human rights organizations and the political elites of the northern part of Italy, who oppose the redistribution of income in favor of the lagging southern regions of the country. However, even in its current form, this program has become a serious step towards solving the problem of poverty, which in the face of ongoing economic stagnation is the most acute.

The article details the list of “Samoyeds”, compiled in 1832 by Tobolsk missionary Hieromonk Makarii. The generic names and surnames indicated there show that they belonged to the European, Ural and Siberian tundra Nenets, and it was not by chance that they were on the same list. It was a small group from the “Vojkar Samoyeds”, a separate territorial group of the Nenets ethnos, wandering in the 17th–19th centuries on both sides of the Subpolar Urals. On the basis of information from the “List”, generalization of materials from archival documents and works of researchers and travelers of the 18th – 19th centuries, it was possible to put forward several reasonable assumptions and clarifications about the origin of some Nenets families and patronyms, places of their settlement and marital relations. In addition, for the first time, it was possible to find information about the compiler of the “List”, its life and activities long before the missionary trip to the north of the Berezovsky department.

In the context of the ongoing crisis in EU-Russia relations, the search for new formats of economic dialogue becomes particularly relevant. With the assistance of the Eurasian Economic Commission, various platforms are being created to explore the possibilities for cooperation between the EAEU and the EU in the areas of trade, investment, convergence of technological standards, etc., with the participation of leading experts and business circles. However, despite the gradual growth of interest in issues of Eurasian economic integration within the Western scientific and expert community, skepticism regarding the EAEU still prevails. The EAEU itself is mostly seen as a political project initiated by Russia and unable to bring real economic benefits to its member countries. US and European observers dwell on unequal economic opportunities of the EAEU countries, insufficient mutual trade and mixed consequences of the transition to common customs tariffs for Kazakhstan and Armenia. Moreover, in many European publications the EAEU is perceived not as a possible economic partner of the EU, but as its geopolitical competitor. Most experts conclude that cooperation between the EU and the EAEU is either impossible or possible only on a limited scale. Nevertheless, the attitude of Western experts towards the EAEU is gradually changing. Integration processes in the Post-Soviet space are increasingly viewed through the prism of the theory of new regionalism. It is noted that the EAEU, as well as another project in Eurasia - the Silk Road Economic Belt, may become an alternative to Western models of integration. Over the past four years, besides economic costs, Eurasian integration has also brought certain dividends to its members, which, however, do not always lie on the surface and are often of a political nature. In this regard, some European experts and scholars (although they still constitute a minority), mainly from Germany and Austria, admit that it is counterproductive for the EU to ignore the EAEU, and advocate for cooperation between them.

The aim of this paper was the development of a positional system model for a vector control of a static loads’ stand using the electrical drive and the study of the effect of various types of speed controllers and their settings on the dynamics of the transient processes during the simulation of the regulation and disturbance actions. This goal was achieved by the development of a vector control system model using the stand electric drive with the PID-speed controller setting, which ensured minimal speed errors and restrictions in the dynamic loads during the regulating and disturbing action. The synthesis of the current control circuits of the stator and speed in the torque control channel was performed. It was shown that using the existing PI-regulators of speed and current and their settings, the speed dynamic error was found to be as high as 21% at a regulating action, whereas during the disturbing action it was 8%. The achievement of the above indicators of the regulation quality was possible in the presence of the intensity setter at the speed regulator input. In this case the dynamic speed error while operating under control increased substantially. The introduction of the speed PID controller made it possible to reduce dynamic errors, however, it gave no desired results with the standard configuration. Changing the controller’s proportional part parameters allowed us to minimize the dynamic speed error while operation, both under regulating or disturbing influences.

The Prespa agreement on the Macedonian name issue is the turning point in resolving the long-standing Greek-Macedonian dispute which has hampered Macedonia's bid to enter the EU and NATO. At the same time the newly found compromise was greeted with harsh criticism by both Greek and Macedonian citizens and seen as a threat to their national identities. Against the background of mass protests in both countries and the lack of consensus among the leading political parties the ratification of the agreement is going to become more complex and time-consuming than originally planned

The policy of the Cypriot authorities, aimed at attracting foreign capital, is deeply rooted in history. Having created a flexible tax system, since its first years as an independent state Cyprus has managed to attract numerous foreign shipping companies and in the 1970s it turned into a regional financial hub through which economic cooperation between the countries of the West and the Middle East was carried out. The Cypriot economy flourished in the 1990s – 2000s, when thanks to favorable taxation regime, transaction confidentiality, convenient geographical location, eased visa regime and a number of other factors it became the main transit point for capital from Eastern Europe, first of all – from Russia. However, the future of Cyprus as an international financial center is in question. Under the pressure of the EU, OECD and a number of individual countries, the Cypriot authorities are forced to bring their tax legislation in line with international standards. Negative impact on the investment image of the country was rendered by the national 2012-2013 banking crisis, followed by the collapse of the largest national banks, a sharp deterioration in macroeconomic indicators and the implementation by the government of a number of reforms that affected the attractiveness of Cyprus in the eyes of international business companies. In these circumstances, the Cypriot authorities have taken a number of measures aimed at preventing the outflow of foreign capital, including the abolition of the property tax in the housing stock, the extension of benefits for new tax residents and the introduction of a simplified procedure for the granting of Cypriot citizenship for investments. Thanks to these innovations, Cyprus managed not only to retain interest from TNCs of Russian origin, but also to attract investments of small and medium-sized companies, primarily those working in the field of information and communication technologies.

The article discusses the problem of introducing innovations into the educational process of higher education. Psychological reasons for resisting innovations are analyzed, as well as the historical prerequisites for this phenomenon. The psychological and organizational features of higher education transition to the new stage of its development are scrutinized. The “digital model” as a new stage of higher education development includes the creation of the electronic information and educational environment of a university, the introduction of electronic online courses into the practice of educating students. The issue of how to prevent the situation, when the ideas of innovation slide down into narrow limits and begin to exist for themselves and the initial purpose of their introduction is lost, are discussed. Using the example of introducing innovations into the educational process of a university, the result of the implementation of the general trend towards “digitalization” of a university is shown. Its main stages are outlined, the key implementation difficulties at each stage are highlighted, and recommendations are given.

Technical, technological, methodical questions connected with introduction of corporate mail in an educational institution are considered in this article.