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The conclusion of the Expert Council presents the results of discussing the diagnosis and therapy of interstitial lung diseases in systemic scleroderma. The reason for this discussion was the emergence of new data on the use of nintedanib in this category of patients.

Aim. The search for etiopathogenetic agents to prevent the development of severe and extremely severe COVID-19 remains relevant. A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the antibody-based biological drug (Raphamin). Materials and methods. 785 outpatients 18–75 y.o. with laboratory confirmed mild COVID-19 were included within 24 hours from the disease onset. 771 patients were randomized to the group Raphamin (n=382) and the Placebo group (n=389). The study drug/placebo was prescribed for 5 days. The rate of progression to a more severe degree of COVID-19 by day 28 as well as the time to sustained clinical recovery and the frequency of hospitalization were evaluated. Safety was assessed taking into account adverse events, vital signs and laboratory parameters. Results. The number of cases of progression to a more severe degree of COVID-19 in participants receiving Raphamin was 59 (15.5%) [52 (14.6%)] versus placebo – 89 (22.9%) [85 (23.7%)], ITT and [PP] analysis data are presented. The odds ratio between groups was OR=0.6157 [OR=0.5494], 95% confidence interval 0.4276–0.8866 [0.3750–0.8048], which meant a reduction in the chance of progression to a more severe degree by 38.4% [45.1%] or 1.48 [1.62] times; p=0.0088 [p=0.0019]. The time to sustained recovery in the Raphamin group was 4.5±2.4 [4.6±2.4] days, versus placebo – 5.8±4.7 [6.0±4.8] days; p=0.0025 [p=0.0036]. No adverse events with a certain relationship were registered. Conclusion. Raphamin reduces the risk of progression to a more severe degree of the COVID-19 and significantly shortens the duration of clinical symptoms.

Studying the effects of different bile acids in the body in recent years significantly increased the understanding of their physiological functions. The role of bile acids is to transfer to Striated border of enterocytes lipids in high micellar concentration and subsequent return them to the water layer in the molecular form. The rate of diffusion of molecules or particles is inversely proportional to the square root of the magnitude of their molecular weight. Main components of the glycoprotein complex (GPC) allows to preserve the natural structure of mucosa. Previous physicochemical experiments on GPC established presence of bile acids (3,5 to 10 mg/ml), enzymes (amylase and lipase), amino acids (from 10150 to 29500 ug/ml) in the complex. Objective. The aim was to study the influence of bile on fat filtration on the model of GPC. Method and Materials. Soaked filters were put on the tubes: with bile - the first, water - the second group, GPC bile at a dose of 25 mg/kg - the third group. Then on each filter was poured 2 ml of liquid fat. 30 minutes after the start of the experiment the amount of liquid fat that passes through the filter was measured. Results and Discussion. As established in the first group (bile medical), the amount of liquid fat, which passed through the filter amounted to 1,85±0,02 ml. In the second group (water) - 0,30 ± 0,03 ml. In the third group (GPC 25 mg/kg) - 1,75±0,02 ml. After that the impact of GPC bile in emulsification of fats was studied. 1 ml of vegetable oil and 1,5 ml of purified water were contributed in three series of tubes. The first series of test tubes left unchanged. In the other two 2 ml in 2 series - medical bile in 3 series - GPC bile were added. Tubes were shaken in all series. In the first (control series) observed the formation of turbid fluid - emulsion. However, in a few seconds instability of the emulsion was detected. In the second and third series of tubes formation of stable emulsions which are stable for about 1 minute was observed. Studying of the impact of GPC on bile motor activity of the gastrointestinal tract. The method is based on determining the length of the path traversed by contrast weighing intestine that characterizes asset -ness motility of the gastrointestinal tract. Studying the impact of HPC on bile motor activity of the gastrointestinal tract was performed on white mice weighing 20,0-23,0 for 20 hours exposed to starvation diet without restriction of water intake. Animals were divided into two groups of in 6 each. The first group of animals, which were an hour before the mass introduction of contrast injected bile GPC 25 mg/kg, the second group - the control animals, which an hour before the administration of contrast were injected mass equivalent amount of water. 10% slurry of activated charcoal in 1% starch paste was used as a contrast. After 60 minutes after the injection the animals were administered 0,3 ml of contrast mass. After 40 minutes the animals were taken out of the experiment dislocation of the cervical vertebrae. Measurement of the absolute length of the intestine and the path traversed by contrasting mass through the intestines, carried out on graph paper. Conclusions. It was established that GPC bile promotes the absorption of fats, activates lipase during digestion and stimulates intestinal peristalsis in experimental animals and can be recommended as a preventive measure to improve digestion.

Ukraine ranked second in the world after Peru in the pace of laying new Highbush blueberry plantations. Experts estimate that in 2018, in Ukraine, from 0.7 thousand hectares to 1.0 thousand hectares of new Highbush blueberry plantations were laid. Over the past 12 years, previously little-known product, Highbush blueberries have become one of the main berry crops. At present, commercial plantations blueberries take the 3rd place after black currants and strawberries. Zhytomyr region boasts the biggest areas planted with Highbush blueberries in Ukraine, followed by Volyn and Kyiv. According to estimates, the export of blueberries from Ukraine may increase to 20 thousand tons in 5 years. In addition to the use of Highbush blueberries in the food industry, they are a promising source of BAS for pharmaceutical and medical use, so their study is a promising area of pharmaceutical science. In Ukraine, there are no domestic standardized medicines manufactured from Highbush blueberries, and there are only foreign dietary and functional supplements. Abroad, Highbush blueberry medicines are used to improve vision and as astringents for colitis, enterocolitis and diarrhoea. In this regard, the development of domestic standardized medicines based on Highbush blueberries raw materials is an urgent task for modern pharmacy. The aim of the research was to study the phytochemical profile of the volatile fraction of Highbush blueberry vegetative organs (leaves, stems and fruits). Materials and methods. The objects of research were the leaves, fruits and stems of Highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), in which the composition of the the volatile fraction components was studied by chromato-mass spectrometry on a gas chromatograph Agilent Technologies 6890 with a mass spectrometric detector 5973. Results. Chromato-mass spectrometry in the composition of volatile fractions of leaves, fruits and stems of Highbush blueberries revealed 65 substances. 49 substances were identified in the Highbush blueberry leaves, of which 36 substances of terpene nature, 13 organic acids, and 2 compounds were not identified. In the Highbush blueberries fruits, 47 substances were found, of which 36 substances are of terpene nature, 14 are organic acids and 3 were not identified. In the Highbush blueberries stems, 50 substances were found, of which 33 substances are of terpene nature, 14 are organic acids and one was not identified. Conclusions. As a result of phytochemical studies, it is for the first time that the component composition of volatile fractions of leaves, stems and fruits of Highbush blueberries from the flora of Ukraine was established. The content of 65 substances was identified and established, including 14 organic acids and 39 terpene compounds.