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The authors analyze the interaction between the central and regional authorities and the Kazakhs of the Steppe Region at the turn of the XX century on land use issues. The study reveals the problems in this area caused by the mass migration of the peasant population to the region and the process of land seizure by the state to create resettlement sites. The aim is to reconstruct the regulatory framework for appeals of the Kazakh population to the government bodies on the issues of land use, and the procedure for their consideration and decision-making mechanisms. The source base for the article is: the Kazakhs’ petitions and requests, as well as other office materials - interdepartmental correspondence, minutes of meetings, reports, resolutions and decrees - of the Governing Senate, as well as the Department of Agriculture and State Property of the Ministry of the Interior, the Ministry of Justice, and the regional governments of the Akmola and Semipalatinsk regions of the Governor-Generalship of the Steppes as found in the Russian State Historical Archive. The sources used has allow the authors to develop the stated goal of the article, and they have been able show that the main form of interaction between the central and regional authorities and the Kazakhs of the Steppe Region on land use issues were the Kazakhs’ petitions and requests. If a decision concerning their appeals was negative, the Kazakhs had the right to turn to the Governing Senate, the Ministry of the Interior, and the State Duma. In such cases, there were official proceedings lasting up to several years. The decisions on them were necessarily announced to the plaintiffs. The authors concluded that the Kazakhs actively used the tools provided by legislation to resolve land use issues. Nevertheless, it is revealed that in most cases, the central authorities confirmed the legitimacy of regional administration decisions on the seizure of land plots. However, the significant number of petitions and requests testifies to the fact that in the matters of defending their economic interests the Kazakhs were given equal opportunities with other subjects of the Russian Empire.

Introduction. The article is devoted to the review of the book of Doctor of Historical Sciences Professor Arkady Dolgikh about the history of serfdom. Today, the agrarian theme is one of the most important topics for understanding the historical process that has taken place on the territory of the Russian state since the formation of the Muscovite state in the 15th-16th centuries. and up to the 20th century.Materials and methods. The technique of the article is connected with the analysis of the article from general historical positions. The fundamental importance of the question of serfdom lies in the fact that this phenomenon has dragged on considerably. Obviously, it interfered with the full development of Russia, turning most of its population into a mass, devoid of any interest in the results of their own work, which means that it formed entire generations of people deprived of an active life position with a low level of political culture and education.Results. There is no doubt that the reforms carried out by Peter I, which almost completely subordinated all the estate groups of the country to the interests of the state, needed to be adjusted after the end of the Northern War and the introduction of a new poll tax. The ruling circles of Russia, for the most part, were aware of the importance of this adjustment and the danger of stagnation of the serf regime, but until 1861 no one dared to do this due to various subjective and objective reasons. As a result, literally every year a real ―powder magazine‖ grew and increased in size under the building of the House of Romanov, which not only interfered with the full development of their state, but also doomed it to death.Conclusion. The author of the review comes to the conclusion that the new book on serfdom shows the importance of this problem and once again reminds the reader of this phenomenon as a terrible evil hindering the development of Russia.

The reference to this topic is due to necessity to create the most complete image of the region, as well as to expand ideas about the channels and methods of its formation in the official Soviet culture. The present scientific work describes the participation of Omsk region in the «Great Review», a unique propaganda and cultural and educational Soviet project of the 1930s which aroused great interest not only in the USSR but throughout the world. Special attention is paid to the self-presentation of Omsk region in such pavilions as «Siberia», «Grain», «Cattle breeding», «Rabbit breeding», «Veterinary medicine», «Gardening», «Printing», «Young naturalists». It is shown that the present and future of Omsk village was clearly associated with the scientific achievements: selection work of triticum-agropyrum hybrids carried out by the Siberian Research Institute of Grain Economy led by the Academician N. P. Tsitsin, the method of growing fruit trees in Siberian conditions developed by the doctor of agricultural sciences A. D. Kizyurin. Infotainment, sciencetainment, visualization and media technologies are noted as the main methods and ways of presenting information. Guidebooks on the All-Union Agricultural Exhibition of 1939–1941 are introduced into scientific circulation. They have not been involved in domestic research on the history of Siberia of the Soviet period.

The article shows what problems interested humanities scholars and publicists in the prewar period of the Soviet history and how these problems were covered from new methodological positions. The works created at that time by historians of the old school are examined, it is emphasized that even in articles written by authors who have not mastered Marxist theory, much attention is paid to the problems of the life of the masses, the manifestations of the class struggle, and public relations in Stavropol villages. The activity of local history societies and organizations is highlighted. Researchers paid much attention to the problems of the agrarian history of Stavropol, works of this time, as a rule, affect both the pre-Soviet and Soviet periods, since most of them give comparative material. In the 1920s, when the ways of agricultural development were not yet determined, the practical needs of the agricultural sector caused increased attention to the issues of developing cooperation, forms of land ownership and land use in the past. The restructuring of the economy in a socialist manner in the late 1920s and early 1930s is reflected in the journalistic articles of party and Soviet leaders. In the period under review, the history of the revolutionary movement and the struggle for power of the Soviets became the most relevant topics for research. The article discusses the activities of Eastparts - commissions on the history of the revolutionary movement and civil war. It is shown that these organizations, including the Stavropol Istpart, have done a lot to collect and publish materials on this topic. The analysis of journal publications is given, the errors made by the authors are revealed. The widespread publication of the memoirs of participants in revolutionary events, characteristic of the 1920s, was not accompanied by a critical check, therefore, over articles containing incorrect information or a controversial assessment of events, discussions arose in which both historians and participants in the events took part. The characteristic is given to generalizing works on the history of the October Revolution and the Civil war in the Stavropol Territory.

This year « The Farming Journal» [Zemledelchesky zhurnal] celebrates the 200 th anniversary from the date of the first issue. This is the first All-Russian specialized agricultural journal, which was established by the Imperial Moscow Agricultural Society. On the basis of the method of biometric analysis of the content the article shows the significance of the journal in the history of agriculture and agricultural press in Russia. It had been estimated that over 1200 articles have been published in the journal. There was determined the typology of articles of the journal, the ratio of the number of publications of which 38 % were sharing experiences materials, surveys (22 %), economic statistical materials (10 %), original articles (8 %), translated articles (5 %), reviews of new agricultural books (17 %). The main publication subjects were general problems of agriculture (30%), plant production (25 %), animal husbandry (27 %), farming (10 %), and horticulture (8 %). The journal actively propagaded new farming systems, promoted developing such agricultural industries as beet sugar production, sheep breeding, bee keeping, and sericulture. Of 375 authors who published their articles in the journal, 73 % were landowners, 19 % professor and teaching staff, 11 % estate managers, 6 % agricultural specialists. Among well-known authors of the journal it is worth to name N. P. Shishkov, I. V. Saburov, A. F. Rebrov, A. S. Maslov, P. I. Prokopovich and others. «The Farming Journal» laid down the basic principles for developing agricultural periodicals. For the first time in history an attempt was made to unite progressive scientists and landowners by means of the journal in order to determine the ways of developing the agrarian sector of the country, to distribute agricultural knowledge among the population, to generate agricultural science and education. The «Farming Journal» is a valuable source for studying the agrarian history of Russia of the beginning of the XIX century.

The article treats of one of the most important monuments of Republic Rome history - the epigraphic agrarian law 111 BC. The purpose of this source-studying paper is an integrated characteristic of this monument as an historical source. The author describes the monument externally, shows the history of its reconstruction, raises the issue of its attribution, and assesses its relevance as a source on a number of aspects of the life of Ancient Rome.

Background. The problematic context of the research is the discussion about the level, direction and pace of agricultural development of the Russian Empire in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. The purpose of the article is to calculate the annual values of grain and potato production per capita in each of the Volga region provinces and on average in European Russia, and to analyze the dynamics of this indicator from 1883 to 1913. Materials and methods. The main source for the study is crops farming statistics of the Central Statistical Committee. The indicators of gross harvest of rye, wheat, oats, barley, spelt, buckwheat, millet, peas, corn and potatoes were used. All data are calculated in ponds. Potatoes are summed with cereals in a 4:1 ratio. The data on the annual population are used on the basis of the calculation made by a demographer V. Zaitsev in 1927. The geographical scope of the study covers 10 provinces: Astrakhan, Kazan, Kostroma, Nizhny Novgorod, Penza, Samara, Saratov, Simbirsk, Tver, Yaroslavl. The analysis of the dynamics is carried out by annual and average multi-year values. The net-importing and net-exporting provinces are treated separately. Results. The analysis showed significant differences between the provinces in the level and dynamics of the studied indicator. Samara and Astrakhan provinces had positive dynamics of grain production per capita. Tver, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Nizhny Novgorod and Simbirsk provinces showed a deteriorating tendency. The provinces of Kazan, Saratov and Penza showed undulating fluctuations. The level of per capita production above the average in European Russia remained in Penza, Simbirsk, Saratov provinces, below the average Russian – Astrakhan, Tver, Yaroslavl, Kostroma and Nizhny Novgorod. Samara province from the level close to the average Russian developed to a much higher one, Kazan province – reduced production to a below average one. Conclusions. The increasing trend of bread and potato production per capita in Russia as a whole includes multidirectional trends in the provinces, which belong to different natural-geographical and economic types. The prospect of further research is to find out to what extent the restructuring of agriculture and diversification of farmers’ incomes took place in the regions of reduction of per capita grain production.