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The paper found that among the patients with choledocholithiasis and malignant neoplasms of biliopancreatoduodenalis area in the development of cholangitis it is observed a significant reduction in the capacity of the antioxidant system at the local level (in bile) by 78.3 and 72.9%, respectively. The paper showed that for the evaluation of the degree of decompensation in antiradical protection in biliary obstruction and inflammatory complications it is necessary to determine as additional indicators in bile the state level of the enzymes in the antioxidant system: the activity of catalase and superoxidedismutase that could improve the diagnosis in these pathological conditions and in addition would allow to appoint timely corrective actions and monitor the effectiveness of the therapy. The study showed that the catalase activity increased in the bile in patients with choledocholithiasis as compared to control values by 1.7 times in the absence of inflammatory complications and by 5.1 times under cholangitis; in patients with malignant neoplasms of biliopancreatoduodenalis area its activity decreased by 49.4% while decreasing the area of maximum chemoluminescence by 42.2% and 72.5% respectively, whereas in the development of cholangitis the catalase activity increased by 4.5 times. In this case the increase in superoxidedismutase activity in all study groups was even more significant, indicating the adaptive changes, as well as the emerging imbalance in the enzymes of the 1st and 2nd line of the antioxidant system (mainly due to dismutase activity), which might be accompanied by a decrease in local nonspecific resistance, especially in inflammatory complications in patients with the studied nosologies.