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Aim. To evaluate the efficiency of administration of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells obtained from a bone marrow donor for the treatment of an acute host-versus-graft reaction (HVGR) resistant to therapy with glucocorticosteroids (GCS). Subjects and methods. The experience in treating 6 patients with GCS-resistant acute HVGR following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is given. The patients were intravenously injected cultured multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSC) in a dose of 106 per kg body weight. Results. Four weeks after MMSC administration, a complete or partial response was obtained in 3 cases; clinical improvement was noted in 2; one patient showed no response. MMSC therapy proved to be effective in 5 of the 6 cases with acute HVGR resistant to GCS therapy. Conclusion. MMSC therapy turned out to be effective in case of acute HVGR resistant to GCS therapy.