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The development and operation of oil fields in Western Siberia has a significant impact on various components of the environment. In particular, natural complexes of existing specially protected natural areas and promising areas that are significant for the conservation of biological diversity and landscapes are affected. In connection with the projected development of a system of specially protected natural areas in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, the aim of the work is to assess the likely pollution of municipalities in the region by emissions from the combustion of associated petroleum gas to provide decision support when choosing locations for promising protected areas. The paper presents a general description of chronic thermal and gas-chemical pollution of the atmosphere by products of associated petroleum gas combustion, zones of probable atmospheric pollution as a result of gas combustion are modeled, an assessment is made of the dynamics of the state of vegetation for the territories of municipalities, within the boundaries of which it is planned to create protected natural areas, and recommendations are given for designing such territories.

The main sources of anthropogenic emissions into the atmosphere of Murmansk are emissions from thermal power plants and boiler houses operating on fuel oil. As a result of the analysis of the dynamics of pollutant emissions from stationary anthropogenic sources for the period 1997–2019 it has been established that the level of air pollution is assessed as low; there is a tendency towards a decrease in gross emissions from stationary sources. The main pollutants from thermal power plants are sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, and benzo(a)pyrene. Together with gaseous and liquid substances, fuel oil ash and products of incomplete underburning of fuel, which include heavy metals V, Ni, Cr, Pb, Fe, Sn, enter the atmospheric air. Technogenic compounds of heavy metals and other pollutants from the enterprises of the power unit, falling out with dust or precipitation on the surface and catchment areas of lakes, affect the formation of the chemical composition of surface soils, waters and bottom sediments of water bodies. This is reflected in an increase in the concentration of heavy metals (in particular, V and Ni) in the water and bottom sediments of the lakes of Murmansk in comparison with the background values.

The article considers the possibility of using wind energy for energy supply as a means of reducing the negative impact of the fuel and energy complex on the quality of the urban habitat. The rate of the development of wind energy increases every year, along with increasing demands on the quality of the urban environment. In the modern world, along with the growing needs of mankind for energy resources, the greening of the fuel and energy complex is becoming a priority task, the solution of which for each region needs to be looked for individually. By the example of Volgograd Oblast, the authors make the assessment of the impact of the fuel and energy complex on the environment on the basis of the largest power supply facilities of the city of Volgograd: CHP-2, CHP-3 and VGRES. As an alternative to traditional energy sources, the use of wind energy is suggested. For this purpose, the potential of wind energy development in the city of Volgograd is being studied, the optimal territories for the location of the wind farm are determined taking into account the additional conditions (relief and local winds). As a result of the research, the authors propose the location of the wind farm at the Ergeninskaya Height - for power supply of the southern districts in Volgograd. To ensure the needs of the southern districts of Volgograd with the electric power and decrease in negative impact of CHP-2, CHP-3 and VGRES on the quality of the urban environment the authors offer to place some of the wind power stations with ten high-speed wind generators with possible total average development of each station of 30 million kWh a year. In this case it will be possible to reduce the negative impact of CHP-2 by 10 % on average, that will exclude about 150 kg of emissions a year. With eight wind power stations with 10 wind turbines that provide the consumer it is possible to avoid the negative impact of CHP completely. These measures can significantly improve the quality of the urban environment / Рассматривается возможность использования для энергообеспечения ветровой энергии как средства снижения негативного влияния ТЭК на качество городской среды обитания. Темпы развития ветровой энергетики с каждым годом увеличиваются, так же как и требования к качеству городской среды. В современном мире потребности человечества в энергоресурсах возрастают, и экологизация ТЭК становится приоритетной задачей, пути решения которой для каждого региона необходимо искать индивидуально. На примере Волгоградской области проводится оценка влияния ТЭК на окружающую среду на основе данных крупнейших объектов энергообеспечения Волгограда: ТЭЦ-2, ТЭЦ-3 и ВГРЭС. Как альтернатива традиционным источникам энергии предлагается использование энергии ветра. Для этого проводится исследование потенциала развития ветровой энергетики Волгограда, определяются оптимальные территории для размещения ВЭС с учетом дополнительных условий (рельефа и локальных ветров). В результате исследования авторами было предложено размещение ВЭС на Ергенинских высотах — для энергообеспечения южных районов Волгограда. Для обеспечения потребностей южных районов города Волгограда электроэнергией и снижения негативного влияния ТЭЦ-2, ТЭЦ-3 и ВГРЭС на качество городской среды обитания предлагается разместить несколько ВЭС с десятью быстроходными ветрогенераторами с возможной суммарной средней выработкой каждой ВЭС 30 млн кВт·ч в год. При размещении нескольких таких комплексов можно снизить негативное влияние от ТЭЦ-2 в среднем на 10 %, что исключит порядка 150 кг выбросов в год. При размещении восьми ВЭС с 10 ветроустановками для обеспечения потребителя можно полностью исключить негативное влияние ТЭЦ. Эти меры могут значительно улучшить качество городской среды обитания

Coal mining is accompanied by bulk waste formation in form of spoil heaps from low quality ore. As a result of aggressive natural factors impact specific mineral and chemical composition of rocks, which forms spoil heaps, leads to the environmental man-caused load in form of dust and gas emission, water pollution and adjacent area littering. Thus, lands, where spoil heaps are disposed, are excluded from economic use, and their resource potential gets lost because of wind and water erosion, negative physical, chemical and biochemical processes, and transformation of rocks, which forms spoil heaps, that causes the reduction of its value as secondary resources. It defines the urgency of developing methods aimed at the lowering of ecological load, caused by spoil heaps, to acceptable level and at the preservation of its resource potential as artificial deposits. One of the possible solutions is to fill underground worked-out mine area with stowage materials using low quality ore. But this technology pushes up the cost of coal production and is not applicable to new coal mining objects, which has lack of free worked-out area as well as to waste dumps, accumulated during long years of coal production. One of the most common ways of reducing the negative impact on the environment of already formed spoil heaps is its recultivation. However, recultivation of coal mining waste, which is followed by application of antipyrogens, ameliorants and mineral fertilizers to waste dumps, considerably limits their further utilization as artificail deposits. Antipyrogens, ameliorants and mineral fertilizers, when entering into physical and chemical reactions with coal mining waste, make this waste unsuitable for application as a secondary resource, particularly during the production of many construction materials. It defines the prospectivity of spoil heaps conservation, which allows not only to reduce the negative impact of spoil heaps on the environment but also to preserve their resource potential. This study offers a method, a technology and technical solutions for spoil heaps conservation that ensure their geoecological safety as sources of environmental pollution and allow to use its resource potential for production of target products.