Search

The aim of the work is to significantly increase the efficiency of the dehydrating process of fruits with seeds, by treating it with microwaves in combination with convection. To achieve the purpose, an electrical installation was designed, produced, tested, optimized and implemented, which applies the combined technological treatment method in the dehydration process. Pears were selected as the object of the research in particular, because currently the production of these seeded fruits is not fully exploited, but they are of an increased interest for the agricultural producers and for specialized enterprises, and their dehydration by the methods currently used is difficult, especially because of the browning effect that occurs in the heat treatment process. The essential results obtained based on the research carried out, regarding the application of the elaborated installation, are: reduction of electricity consumption and treatment duration, increase in productivity and quality of dehydrated fruits. At the same time, the developed installation is simple in construction, has low cost and is easy to use, and during fruit processing it allows strict monitoring of the technological parameters, and researches demonstrated a high level of safety in operation. The significance of the obtained results lies in the solution to a series of problems, which are currently faced by the enterprises specialized in fruit processing, in particular by significantly increasing the efficiency of the process of dehydration of pears, based on the proposed method of combined treatment, predominantly with increasing the speed of dehydration, energy efficiency, quality of final products and profitability.

The aim of this work is to increase the efficiency of the fruit drying process with the SHF treatment in a uniform rectilinear movement. In order to achieve the purpose of the work, an experimental installation for fruit drying was developed with the application of the SHF treatment in the uniform rectilinear movement, on the basis of which the research was carried out. The efficiency of the drying process with the application of the experimental installation was estimated for 3 types of fruits: peaches, pears and apples. These types of fruit have been selected for the study because their drying is currently problematic, and they are of great interest to consumers and to processing and marketing businesses. The main results obtained regarding the application of the plant developed for fruit drying are: the drying process speed increase, the heat processing time decrease, the electricity consumption reduction, the dried fruit quality improvement and the processing costs reduction. Moreover, the installation is simple in terms of construction, low cost and easy use. At the same time, the installation allows the automation of the process, and during the research it demonstrated a high level of safety. The significance of the results obtained lies in solving a number of current problems faced by primary agri-food processing companies, by streamlining the process of drying fruit in rounds, mainly by reducing the technological processing costs and improving the quality of dried fruit for storage, marketing and use in nutrition.

The aim of this work is to establish energy-efficient fruit dehydration regimes in a modified atmosphere. To achieve the goal, an experimental electrical installation was developed, which applies in the technological process the CO2 modified atmosphere dehydration method. Carbon dioxide was used as a drying agent because it is harmless for food and for the human body, including even children and is often used in food industry. The researches were focused on the example of the local origin fruits dehydration, but in particular, peaches were selected as the main object of the research, because they are extremely sensitive to both storage and processing, and the current technologies applied in their case have low efficiency due to adverse reactions that cause processing defects. The essential problems in the dehydration of peaches are the oxidation of the superficial layer and the browning, which considerably reduce the quality of the finished products and also require an increased energy intake, and because of the mentioned shortcomings, these fruits are mainly used during the season, being mainly consumed fresh, nevertheless the dried fruits are of interest and are sought after by consumers the year-around. The main results obtained with the application of the elaborated installation are: increasing in the energy efficiency and the quality of the finished products. The significance of these results lies in the solution of the essential characteristic problems of the fruit dehydration process, which are currently faced by specialized companies in the respective field.

The aim of this work is to improve the efficiency of the dehydration process of seeds of agricultural plants by applying the fluidized bed treatment method. In order to achieve the aim of the work, an experimental plant for the dehydration of seeds in fluidized layer was developed, based on which the research was carried out. Convection and SHF were used as sources of fluidized bed seed treatment. The efficiency of the dehydration process with the application of the developed experimental plant was estimated for 3 types of seeds of agricultural alleaginous plants: grape seeds, flax seeds and white buckthorn seeds. These types of seeds were selected for research because at present their dehydration is a problem and they have a great potential for the food industry, traditional medicine, cosmetic industry, pharmaceutical industry, etc. The main results obtained in the application of the developed plant to the treatment of seeds of agricultural plants in a fluidized layer are: increase of the dehydration process speed, reduction of the treatment time, reduction of electricity consumption, increase of the seed quality and reduction of the processing costs. Again, the plant is simple in terms of construction, easy to use, low in cost and during operation has demonstrated a high level of operational safety. The significance of the results obtained lies in the efficiency of the process of dehydration of oilseeds of agricultural plants, based on fluidized bed treatment, mainly with a reduction in the cost of technological processing and an increase in the quality of these seeds, for subsequent use in the food industry, traditional medicine, cosmetics industry, pharmaceutical industry, etc.

The purpose of the article is to determine the feasibility and necessity of the mandatory participation of a psychiatrist in the conduct of a forensic psychiatric examination under the legislation of Ukraine and Georgia. The task is to outline the ways of improving the norms of the criminal law of both countries in the legal and medical spheres based on the analysis of the norms of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine and the Criminal Procedure Code of Georgia. It has been established that the constitutional provision of the right to human health (in particular the researched one) in Ukraine and Georgia is contained not only in the codes and medical legislation of both states, but also in a number of international legal acts that have been ratified by their parliaments. The analysis of the relevant norms carried out in the article revealed the imperfection of concepts and terms, methods and methods of implementing the norms that should reflect the specified right. The authors of the article found that the main problem of realizing the human right to full legal and medical protection in the conduct of forensic psychiatric examination, as well as in the exercise of the rights and duties of an expert psychiatrist, is the lack of a clear procedure for the participation of a doctor in the conduct of judicial and investigative actions. Scientific research has established that the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, the Criminal Procedure Code of Georgia and methodological recommendations regarding the participation of a psychiatrist in carrying out procedural measures to collect evidence in the commission of a crime have common features, wording and requirements. The authors of the article revealed that the requirements of international legal norms and a certain specificity of the situation for conducting a forensic psychiatric examination dictate the need to amend the criminal procedural legislation of Ukraine and Georgia. Changes in the legislation of these countries should be aimed at a clearer formulation of the basic concepts and terms of the doctor's participation in the conduct of judicial and investigative actions. These new norms of the law will act as a guarantee for the realization of the right to health, meet the basic international principles and requirements in the field of health care and law.