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Central hypogonadism (CH) is a rare endocrine disorder caused by the disfunction of production, secretion and/or biological action of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which is the main hormonal regulator of hypothalamo-pituitarygonadal axis in human. Female CH is important medical and social concern due to large amount of infertile couples. Etiological structure of this condition is heterogeneous and diff ers between congenital and acquired forms. Congenital forms have a genetic predisposition: currently about 50 genes associated with CH have been found. However, genetic basis can be identifi ed just in half of CH cases. Speaking about acquired forms of CH, important to pay attention on hypothalamo-pituitary area condition. In case of intact state the functional form of CH can be diagnosed, the presence of structural disorders in this area speaks in favor of the organic cause of CH. In this review are summarized current knowledge in the fi eld of etiology and pathogenesis of female central hypogonadism.