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Aim: To assess the quality of life of patients with interstitial cystitis (IC) and to study effective options used to control symptoms on outpatient basis., Materials and Methods: The results of a descriptive prospective cross-sectional cohort study are presented. The medical charts of patients who were treated in the City Clinical Hospital named after Spasokukotsky from 2021 to 2023 were analyzed. Eighty inpatient medical charts of various patients with a final diagnosis of IC with Hunner's lesion were identified. Only 53 patients were interviewed due to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Respondents were asked to complete a survey consisting of 15 questions. The survey was carried out online for patients who did not require surgical treatment at the time of the study, and offline for patients admitted for repeated surgical treatment., Results: The average age of respondents was 59.011.1 years. 58% (31) of patients noted the presence of constant pain in the pelvic area during the day, while 85% (45) of patients reported pain outside the bladder area, in the urethra and perineum. The intensity of pain in the pelvic area was 4.9 (2.3-5.6) points. Higher pain scores 6.24 (5.8-9.0) were observed in 47% (25) of patients admitted for repeat surgical treatment. 62% (33) of patients had a titer of bacteria in a urine test above 104, while 51% (27) of patients experienced relief of symptoms after taking antibacterial drugs. For the treatment and symptomatic relief, the following are most often used: pentosan sodium polysulfate (26%, n=14), antibacterial drugs of the nitrofuran group (25%, n=13), amitriptyline (15%, n=8), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (11%, n=6) patients. 23% (12) of respondents received intravesical therapy. The time from the onset of symptoms to the final diagnosis was 48 (24-96) months., Conclusions: Although infection is a criterion for excluding the diagnosis of IC, more than 62% of patients have positive urine culture. The results obtained indicate the need to improve existing approaches to the diagnosis of IC, as well as to develop treatment algorithms for painful bladder syndrome to control symptoms.

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in alternative (complementary) treatments of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). This is due both to the high incidence of IC/BPS and to a lack of effectiveness of conventional treatments. One of the directions of alternative therapies is a traditional Chinese medicine using a special diet, various animal and plant-derived medicines, breathing exercises and acupuncture. This review analyzes the accumulated experience in using traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of patients with IC/BPS. The presented data indicate that these methods appear to be promising, since they are effective in a significant number of patients, lead to an improvement in their quality of life, are non-invasive and well tolerated. However, due to the lack of clinical studies, the efficacy of this treatment modalities needs to be confirmed.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of bladder hydrodistension in the treatment of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS), depending on the duration of the procedure., Materials and Methods: The study comprised 71 women aged 51.6+/-8.3 years with a 5.2+/-2.3 year history of IC/BPS. All patients underwent bladder hydrodistension (BH). Depending on the duration of BH, patients were divided into 4 groups. The distension time in group 1 (n=10), group 2 (n=20), group 3 (n=20) and group 4 (n=21) was 1 min, 2 min, 4 min and 6 min, respectively. The treatment effectiveness was assessed 1 month after BH by subjective assessment of patients, Pelvic Pain and Urgency/Frequency (PUF) Patient Symptom Scale questionnaire, a visual analog pain scale (VAS), and voiding diaries., Results: At one month after BH, positive effect was observed in 32 (45.1%) patients. In groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 the treatment was effective in 20%, 55%, 45% and 47.6% of patients, respectively. Clinical effectiveness of BH with distension time of 1 min was significantly lower than that of 2, 4, and 6 min. At the same time, we did not find significant differences in the effectiveness of this procedure with distension time of 2, 4 and 6 min., Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that BH is an effective treatment in patients suffering from IC/BPS. At the same time, they show that the distension time of 2 min. is optimal from the point of view of clinical effectiveness, since the longer duration of the procedure is excessive, and the shorter time is insufficient.

The article presents the results of the examination and treatment of 60 women with chronic cystitis aged 20 to 80 years. The mean disease duration was 4,9 years (ranged from 6 months to 40 years). Immunomodulator Tilorone was included in the complex therapy of 30 patients of the main group. Besides the standard examination, immunological studies, including the definition of netrophil phagocytic rates in the patients were performed. It was revealed that the inclusion of immunomodulator in the treatment regimen of exacerbations of chronic cystitis contributes to an increase of index of activation of neutrophil phagocytic reserve, significant reduction in the frequency of exacerbations of the disease after the basic and preventive courses of treatment.

General and endoscopic examinations of 25 patients aged 40-48 years with chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) revealed combination of two urogenital diseases: interstitial cystitis and adenomyosis of the second-third degree. The complex treatment including a course of lavomax immunocorrection relieved CPPS in 72% (18) patients, reduced the number of recurrences of chronic pelvic diseases in 16% (4) patients. The therapeutic complex proposed may serve an alternative to surgical treatment of adenomyosis of the second-third degree which is uncomplicated with posthemorrhagic iron-deficiency anemia, manifests with pain only and associated with interstitial cystitis.

A total of 86 females with interstitial cystitis (IC) aged 26-52 years with the disease history over 2.7 years were exposed to intravesical electrostimulation in combination with electromagnetophoresis of heparin-containing mixture of medicines. Relief of pain syndrome and elimination of central hypersensitization were achieved with local procedures on the urinary bladder (UB) alternating (every other day) with procedures of transcranial electrostimulation (TES-therapy, mesodiencephalic modulation). The above treatment proved effective: subjective assessment of pain lowered to "rare" in 60% females, urgency decreased 2-fold, mean effective volume of the bladder increased by 46.2%.

The objective of the present study was to develop a rationale for the local treatment of chronic recurring cystitis in the postmenopausel period. To this effect, 76 patients at the mean age of 66.4 years with this pathology were examined and the data obtained were compared with observations of control postmenopausel women receiving traditional local substitution hormonal therapy. In the patients of the study group, this treatment was supplemented by intravaginal vibro-magnetotherapy and the conventional antibacterial therapy was replaced by local electrophoresis. All local physiotherapeutic procedures were performed with the use of a AMUS-01 - Intramag apparatus equipped with a Rektomassazher device an AMUS-01 - Intramag apparatus equipped with a Rektomassazher device. The immunological analysis of vaginal secretion coupled to bacterial and clinical investigations have demonstrated the advantages of the combined local treatment including physiotherapy. The integral efficacy index was by a factor of 1.8 higher than in the control group.

We studied efficacy of hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) in 8 patients with interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS). Mean age of the patients was 53 years (35-72 years), mean duration of the disease 7.5 years (6-17 years). Ulcerative IC/PBS was diagnosed in 7 of 8 patients. The patients received combined treatment: surgical (hydrobouginage of the bladder, electrocoagulation of bladder ulcer) and a HBO course in the postoperative period. The efficacy was assessed by clinical and morphological criteria (estimation of histamine level in urethral smears, proliferative activity of bladder mucosa epithelial cells). A HBO course consisted of 10 sessions (40 min, 2 atm). The treatment reduced the number of voidings for 24 hours, increased mean effective bladder volume, lowered a total score by L. Parsons scale, histamine content in urethral smears, stimulated proliferative activity of bladder mucosa epithelium. Thus, HBO proved its safety and effectiveness in combined treatment of IC/PBS.

The examination of 112 women suffering from chronic cystitis has detected frequent comorbidity of genital, gastrointestinal, locomotor and pelvic varicose diseases. Myofascial syndrome, hemodynamic disorders and venous congestion play a leading role in development of pain syndrome in women with comorbid diseases of the small pelvis organs. Clinicopsychological investigation of such women has revealed frequent vegetative and psychoemotional disorders with predominance of anxiodepressive conditions. Pain, dysuria and anxiodepressive disorders are among causes of imbalance of the autonomic nervous system which acvitaves regulatory systems and has an impact on quality of life. Women with chronic cystitis show significant deterioration of quality of life. Combined treatment including physical factors and therapeutic exercise reduced treatment duration, frequency of exacerbations, raised cost effectiveness.

Aim: To study microbial repertoire of urine in healthy women and patients with chronic recurrent cystitis (CRC) including facultative anaerobic (FA) and non-clostridial anaerobic (NCA) bacteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Triple bacteriological study of urine was performed in three groups of women: group I--22 healthy virgin women aged 18- 25 years, group II--24 women aged 18 - 25 years with regular sexual contacts, group III--72 women aged 20 - 60 years with CRC, before antibacterial therapy. Bacteriological method was used to study qualitative and quantitative composition of urine microflora., Results: In all subjects from groups I and II aerobic-anaerobic associations with predomination of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), corynebacteria, peptococci, and peptostreptococci were isolated from urine. Quantity of isolated NCA bacteria was significantly higher than that of FA. In etiologic structure of CRC, NCA bacteria, enterobacteria, and CNS predominated. Spectrum of NCA bacteria isolated from patients with CRC was wider and level of bacteriuria--higher (p < 0.05) compared to groups I and II. Bacteria were identified in aerobic-anaerobic associations. In 85.7% of cases following NCA were identified in biopsy samples: Propionibacterium sp. (41.8%), Peptococcus sp. (35.7%), Eubacterium sp. (28.6%), Peptostreptococcus sp. (14.3%), and Bacteroides sp. (14.3%). Aerobic-anaerobic associations were observed in 7.1% of samples., Conclusion: Urine of healthy women is not sterile. Aerobic-anaerobic mixed infections were detected in patients with CRC that should take into account during diagnostics and treatment of this disease.

A total of 116 female patients with painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis aged 32-78 years (mean age 56 +/- 2.4 years) entered the trial. They were divided into two groups according to treatment. Group 1 (n = 54) received 10-day combined conservative treatment consisting of antimicrobial drugs (if urinary infection was diagnosed), angioprotectors, mast cell activity stabilizers and bladder instillation with combined solution. Group 2 included 62 patients whose treatment included complex anti-inflammatory therapy in combination with HBO sessions (7-10 sessions in barochamber OKA-MT, 2.0 +/- 0.2 atm). Subjective (the disease course, pain intensity, 24-h and nocturnal pollakiuria, effective urine volume) and objective (microcirculation in the bladder wall) results were assessed. Dopplerograms revealed venous stagnation. Patients of group 2 had a persistent improvement of microcirculation in bladder mucosa as shown by better blood flow in the veins and arterioles. In group 1 the above improvement was less pronounced. Thus, HBO in combined treatment of interstitial cystitis improves treatment results and promotes long-term remission of the disease.