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The issue of identification and differentiation of large group of bacteriophages of human pathogenic vibrio is still unresolved. In research and practical applied purposes it is important to consider characteristics of bacteriophages for establishing similarity and differences between them. The actual study was carried out to analyze specimens of DNA-containing bacteriophages of pathogenic vibrio. The overwhelming majority of them characterized by complicated type of symmetry--phages with double-helical DNA and also phages with mono-helical DNA structure discovered recently in vibrio. For the first time, the general framework of identification and differentiation of bacteriophages of pathogenic vibrio was developed. This achievement increases possibility to establish species assignment of phages and to compare with phages registered in the database. "The collection of bacteriophages and test-strains of human pathogenic vibrio" (No2010620549 of 24.09.210).

Aim: Study the effect of synthetic ligands on the dynamics of TLR9 and BD-2 gene expression in vivo., Materials and Methods: Synthetic ligands were used whose sequence was homologous to DNA and RNA human viruses. At days 1, 7 and 28 blood sampling from BALB/c line mice was carried out. Determination of level of TLR9 and BD-2 gene expression was evaluated by using RT-PCR in real-time mode., Results: The following ligands had the maximum effectiveness: tgg-ccc-ccc-ttg-tgg-acc-gg, ccg-gtc-cac-aag-ggg-ggc-ca and tcg-tcg-ttt-tgt-cgt-tgt-cg. At day 1 after the administration of ligands a significant increase of TLR9 gene expression was observed (62, 18 and 13 times, respectively), but at the same time defensin gene expression changed insignificantly., Conclusion: The approach developed may be used to evaluate the effect of these preparations on the system of innate immunity, namely TLR activation.

The study included 71 children with chronic gastroduodenitis aged 5-17 years. PCR DNA was determined by the presence of Helicobacter pylori, human papilloma virus high cancer risk 16, 18 types (HPV), herpes simplex 1 and type 2 (HSV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), fungi, Candida in gastric juice and biopsy specimens of gastric mucosa and duodenal. Viruses were detected in 14% of patients, an association of microorganisms - in 20% of the children, the isolated H. pylori infection - 18%. The relationship between the composition of microflora in the gastroduodenal region and neopterin levels in gastric juice with a distinct increase in its value in the presence of viruses.

The rate of reassociation of 3H-DNA of phage PBV-1 was increased in the presence of 100-fold excess of unlabeled DNA of Penicillium brevi-compactum. On this basis it was calculated that DNA isolated from Penicillium brevi-compactum contained 27--38 phage genomes per haploid cell genome, DNA of PBV-3 virus does not influence the rate of reassociation of PBV-1 virus DNA indicating the lack of homology between DNAs of PBV-1 and PBV-3 phages.

The sedimentation coefficient, molecular weight and the type of nucleic acid of Aedes cantans iridescence virus were determined, and its proteins were analysed in a dissociating system by electrophoresis in polyacylamide gel. Ultrathin sections of affected larvae were examined.