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A system of new accelerated and rapid methods for the detection of the antigens of the infective agents of plague, cholera, tularemia and brucellosis were developed on the basis of solid phase immunosuspension tests: the passive hemagglutination (PHA) test and the latex agglutination (LA) test. The immunological and physico-chemical properties of suspensions in the PHA and LA tests made it possible to use extraneous sources of energy (centrifugal acceleration and the electric field) to accelerate these tests. The results of the PHA and LA tests were registered with the use of a densitometer, model Ultrascan 2202, and a tester, model C 34014.2. To apply centrifugal acceleration and the electric field, a laboratory centrifuge and an electrophoretic microchamber were designed. Densitometry was carried out on modified plates and conductometry, with the use of modified electrodes. The time of obtaining the results of the PHA and LA tests was 15-30 minutes with the use of centrifugation and 2-5 minutes in the electric field, which made it possible to regard these tests as rapid.

The paper reviews the development of osteodensitometric equipment. The comparative characteristics of techniques for densitometry are presented. Their advantages and disadvantages are assessed.

The effect of some steroid hormones and their synthetic analogs--dexamethasone, estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, and cytostatics--on the fibroblast nuclei in a monolayer culture was studied. Their proliferation was studied at the same time by the radioindicator method. The method of computerized morphodensitometry with the use of the apparatus-programmer complex DiaMorf (Russia) showed that the compounds under study induce reorganization of interphase chromatin of fibroblast nuclei over the molecules, the amount of which may be recorded by means of the computer system of analysis of cell and tissue images.

Summary, The paper analyzes the Russian market of ultrasound densitometric devices. Based on the sales statistics, the development of this market is forecast. A comparative review of various types of equipment is given and the optimal outline of an ultrasound densitometer is proposed.

The aim of study was the development of a diagnostic device for the determination and analysis of the optic densities of various lenticular laminae on the basis of computer-aided system for analysis of TV images (CASATI). The potentialities of the developed system were evaluated in examinations of 57 diabetics, aged 27 to 78, with opacities beneath the posterior capsule and in the cortical layers of the lens. The reference group consisted of 48 normal subjects without noticeable lens opacities, aged 23 to 76. Comparative densitometry of the lens was carried out in the same patients by reproductive microdensitometry and CASATI. The new method permitted an objective assessment of the optic densities of various layers of the lens and may be used to predict the development of opacities therein. Another possible application of this method is the assessment of the conjunctival vessels status and prediction of the course of various diseases and monitoring the efficacy of therapy thereof.

The authors analyze the current status of technical equipment of different sections of roentgenology. Note shortcomings in the units manufactured and in the equipment of the sections of radiodiagnosis. Make conclusions about the tasks the Association of Medical Physicists of this country face.

The paper describes an installation consisting of an SF-4 (SF-4a) spectrophotometer equipped with a flow cuvette and of an ink recorder. The installation allows registration of biological substances during their fractionation on columns.

Hardware and software for the automatic comparison of densitograms, based on the evaluation of their autocorrelation characteristics, can be used for establishing the characteristics of circulating staphylococcal populations and for their epidemiological marking.

A microfluorimeter is described for estimating amounts of chemical components in individual cells or in chromosomes, and for registering these components' distribution along the chromosomes. To solve the former problem, photoelectrical photometry of the object's fluorescence intensity is employed. To solve the latter problem, the photographic technique is used--making photos of metaphase plates in automatic or semiautomatic regime of exposure, with the following measuring of the intensity of the chromosome image on the negative performed on the same apparatus. The results of estimation of DNA content in individual chromosomes of Muntiacus muntjak are presented.

A principal scheme of the digital scanning and intergrating cytospectrophotometer is described which permits to measure the integrating optical density of specifically stained preparations, "spot" optical density of any absorbing preparations and the area of absorbing objects in two different levels of absorbtion.