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Biological evaluation of the 1st domestically developed and produced preparation for chemomechanical removal of carious dentine Caricleans (firm "VladMiVa", Belgorod) was performed in the CRIS with the use of express techniques of the hemolytic activity (HA) and cytotoxic effect (CTE). It was established that according to HA data both gels of the Caricleans preparation were nontoxic. CTE of 2 gels was also determined on 2 cells lines - LECH (lung embryon cell human) and HeLa; higher sensitivity was received on HeLa cells, the toxic effect of gel #2 of the Caricleans preparation was higher. The received results allowed the authors come to the conclusion that taking into account high sensitivity, high specificity and high cost of the CTE-test not to recommend its use for evaluation of the preparations for short-term action in stomatology.

The destruction of human serum albumin was studied under the influence of the preparations used for chemical-mechanic removal of carious dentine (GK-101 and Caricleans, gel #2) and model systems containing sodium hypochlorite and amino compounds. Control contained hydroxide and sodium chloride but not hypochlorite. The degree of albumin destruction was determined by the amount of low molecular weight fragments precipitated by phosphotungstic acid but not by trichloracetic acid. From the results of the study the conclusion was made that in order to reduce the injuring action of hypochlorite upon dental tissues and soft tissues of oral cavity it is more preferable to use systems containing the addition of neutral and basic amino compounds.

The purpose of this survey is to establish the effectiveness of the treatment of early childhood caries using compomers. The target group consists of 28 children aged from 20 to 47 months and presenting "early childhood caries". The team has done 126 fillings of vital frontal and distal teeth (61 of frontal and 65 of distal teeth) using the Glasiosite compomer by Voco. Fillings are evaluated immediately after polishing and after six after twelve months. Evaluation is achieved according to the Ryge classification scale, which reflects the type, the clinical status and the development of the filling. The information is processed through alternative analysis at importance level p<0.05. Our survey shows that most of the fillings can be classified as perfect. The remaining fillings made within the period of the survey are classified as satisfactory and do not need to be replaced. No unsatisfactory filling was found. Based on the features of the above compomers and the results of our survey we recommend them for filling of vital teeth of up to three-year old children.

Clinical examinations of 36 teeth with deep caries were carried out in patients aged 16 to 38. Therapy with hydroxyl apatite and tricalcium phosphate was carried out and with calmecine for control. Additional methods for objective examination were assessment of pulp electric excitability and of dentin electric conduction. Repeated examinations of patients 1 and 6 months after treatment showed that hydroxyl apatite and tricalcium phosphate normalized the function of the pulp, caused remineralization of dentin in the bottom of carious cavity, and were effective in the treatment of deep caries.

The purpose of the study was to develop the optimal variant of using remineralizing solutions to improve dental enamel resistance; for this the efficacies of 10% Ca gluconate solution, 1% Na fluoride solution, and 3% remodent solution were examined. These solutions were found to promote a sooner 'maturation' of the enamel than is natural and to improve caries resistance of the enamel.

Biochemical studies of salivary metabolic disorders in 839 schoolchildren with various forms of caries have revealed salivary pH range to vary from 6.23 +/- 0.02 to 6.80 +/- 0.04, with calcium and inorganic phosphorus levels varying from 4.20 +/- 0.07 to 5.12 +/- 0.11 mg% and from 0.117 +/- 0.05 to 1.041 +/- 0.21 micrograms/ml, respectively. Alkaline phosphatase activity range was found to vary from 107.7 +/- 7.65 to 295.0 +/- 32.3, that of acids from 11.7 +/- 1.81 to 52.5 +/- 4.61 nmol/ml. alpha-ketoglutarate, oxalacetate, phosphoenolpyruvate levels were 3.12 +/- 0.03 to 28.8 +/- 3.41 mumol/ml, fructose diphosphatase content from 2.5 +/- 0.35 to 8.71 +/- 0.72 nmol/s/ml. Use of namacit various dosage forms (5 percent aqueous solution, as a toothpaste component--6 percent, or a component of an adhesive coating) elevated salivary pH level to 7.06. Calcium level remained unchanged, that of inorganic phosphorus increased (p less than 0.001), phosphatase activities grew, as did acid levels and fructose diphosphatase activity, that increased irrespective of the dosage form used (p less than 0.001).

The effect of dextranase enzyme preparations obtained from Penicillium piscarium BIM G-102, Penicillium funiculosum, Aspergillus insuetus G-116 and Aspergillus ustus on polysaccharides synthesized by cariesogenic Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus mitis was being studied. According to the data obtained dextranases from P. piscarium, P. funiculosum and Asp. ustus can be considered as a promising anticarious agent.

Antibacterial and proteolytic enzyme lysoamidase was used to treat periodontitis and a range of diseases of oral mucosa. The results displayed its major advantages over trypsin and allowed us to recommend it as an effective means of local treatment in the combined therapy of these disorders.