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The treatment of patients with large calculi, formed on both ends of the long-standing stent, remains difficult problem of modern urology. We observed 6 patients with long-term (16 to 24 months) standing stents. Large calculi on both ends of the drain were detected in 5 patients, fragmentation of stent--in 1 patient. Indication for stenting was ureteral calculus in 4 patients, staghorn stone of the left kidney in one pregnant woman 26 years old, and the stent was installed during orthotopic cystoplasty in 1 patient. At the first stage, contact laser lithotripsy of calculus on cystic end of the stent was performed, and distal portion was removed with forceps. 2-3 weeks after, PCNL was performed and renal end of the stent was removed. Patient with fragmentation of stent underwent ureteroscopy, and parts of the drainage were removed. To remove the stent, on average 1.8 endourological intervention was required. Results of operations in all cases were successful. Endourological operations are an effective method for the treatment of patients with large calculi, formed at both ends of the "forgotten" stents.

The article presents the results of treatment of 13 women with erosion of the vaginal mucosa with an exposure of the part of prosthesis and 4 women with the migration of fragments of the prosthesis into the lumen of the bladder or urethra after surgical correction of genital prolapse and stress urinary incontinence with the use of synthetic materials (Prolift, TVT operations). Interventions included the removal of part or all prosthesis from zone of erosion of the vaginal mucosa and removal of prosthesis migrated into the lumen of the bladder or urethra. Good results of operations were achieved in all cases. 8-12 months after surgery, recurrence of erosion and migration of prosthesis into the lumen of urinary organs were not observed.

Results of surgical treatment of local septic complications after the electrocardiostimulator (ECS) implantation in 86 patients were analyzed. Comparison of two patient groups allowed to prove the importance of the preoperative echocardiography and bacteriological blood test as well as the thorough surgical treatment.

The paper provides the results of a 15-year following-up of 91 patients with exposed orbital implants made from synthetic and biological materials. Surgery was made in the patients treated at different health care facilities. The authors analyze the causes of implant exposure in different periods. Early after surgery the most common causes of implant exposure are surgical equipment failure (inadequate implant coating with adjacent tissues), a too large implant arching the tissues, and mismatch of an artificial eye. In the late period, the more common cause is secondary infection or the toxic properties ofa material itself, which cause a persistent chronic inflammatory reaction. Moreover, the authors consider the mechanism of implant exposure and rejection depending on the material of an implant. The paper describes medical and surgical treatments in patients of this group.

Purpose: To assess effectiveness and safety of excimer laser extraction of chronically implanted transvenous pacing leads using countertraction technique. We operated upon 10 patients (female 2), mean age 56.1+/-11.7 years. Average time of lead placement was 7.7+/-4.2 years. Indications included erosion of device pocket in 4 patients, abscess of pocket in 2 patients, high grade of tricuspid valve insufficiency in 1 patient with 2 ventricular leads, lead related induction of life-threatening ventricular tachycardia in 3 ICD patients. We used xenon-chloride laser with excimer laser sheath SLS n KIT 14-16 Fr and locking stylet LLD KIT (Spectranetics, USA). Endotracheal anesthesia was applied in all cases. Leads removal was a success for 3 atrial and 12 ventricular leads. All endocardial leads were extracted with countertraction after near-the-complete progression of the laser sheath. Postoperative follow-up period was 16.3+/-5.7 months. There were no procedure-related complications., Conclusion: Laser lead extraction is a safe and effective approach to removal of long-term leads including those with active fixation.

Experience of endoscopic stenting for preoperative preparation of patients with various diseases of hepatopancreatobiliary zone and high surgical risk is analyzed. Internal drainage (stenting) of bile ducts was performed at 45 (58%) patients, external - at 24 (31.1%), combined external-internal - at 8 (10.4%) patients. Advantages and disadvantages of each stenting type are evaluated, differential indications are determined. Analysis of short-term results demonstrates that the rate of early postoperative complications is lower at patients operated after bile ducts stenting that at ones operated on jaundice peak. It is concluded that endoscopic stenting of bile ducts permits to increase efficacy of preoperative preparation for surgical or endoscopic procedures, and to decrease the risk of their complications.