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Total activity, isoenzyme pattern of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), morphological peculiarities of normal and transplanted in the mesentery for 1-7 and 30 days dorsal root and superior cervical sympathetic ganglia of the adult rats, were analysed. About 30% neurons in sensory ganglia and 5% in sympathetic ganglia were viable 30 days after transplantation. Total LDH activity was 3 times higher in normal sympathetic ganglia compared with that in spinal ganglia. Transplantation leads to a slight rising in total LDH activity in sensory root ganglia and to a slight fall in sympathetic ganglia. Five fractions of LDH in normal sensory ganglia and four fractions in sympathetic ganglia were revealed. Significant rising of M4 isoenzyme activity was characteristic of both sensory and sympathetic ganglia after transplantation for 7 days. Functional significance of the changes observed is discussed.

Spinal ganglia L5-L6 together with mesocolon (innervated from these ganlia) and tongue epithelium were transplanted into the anterior chamber of the cat eye. In 2 months survival of some of the sensory neurons and intensive regeneration of their nerve fibers was observed. At the same time the mesocolon tissues with the mechanoreceptors (Pacinian corpuscles) were found to survive. Destruction of the tongue epithelium was revealed. The trophic effect of definite sensory ganglia on the tissue corresponding to them provided structural intactness of this tissue and of its receptor apparatus. It is suggested that the metabolic conformity of the tissue and the source of its innervation is necessary for the tissue survival.

The survival of the mature differentiated neurons from the spinal ganglia under the conditions of autotransplantation into the colon mesentery of the cat was studied in chronic experiments. For two months, one-third of the neurons from the peripheral parts of the grafts survived and, as the normal ones, had a pseudounipolar form. However, their initial glomeruli had excessive overgrowth in the form of perivascular plexus, in its formation both the main axonal segment with its fine lateral branches and the finest offshoots from the neuronal bodies take part. These regenerating nerve fibres together with growth cones make terminals in the form of buttons, rings and loops. Such terminal structures in the capsular plexus around the neurons and in numerous Nageotte's cells present receptor terminals which are abundantly produced under the condition of the spinal ganglia transplantation.

The spinal ganglia were transplanted into the mesocolon of adult cats for periods of from 1 day to 9 months. About 30% of differentiated sensory neurons survived during the longterm transplantation. The intensive regeneration of the sensory neurons processes was characteristic of the transplanted neurons. Total myelinization of the regenerating nerves occurred during the 3rd--5th month. Potential regeneration capacity of the differentiated neurons and possibly of their prolonged transplantation were revealed.