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It was investigated the influence of a diet supplemented with amaranth oil on dynamic of lipid profile and composition of fatty acids of erythrocytes in patients with ischemic heart disease and hyperlipoproteidemia. The efficacy of diet with different contents of squalene (100, 200, 400 and 600 mg per day) was compared. It was shown that antiatherosclerotic diet with including 600 mg squalene has promoted the most positive changes of the serum cholesterol and triglycerides level and fatty acid composition of erythrocytes membranes as well.

It was investigated the influence of a diet supplemented with amaranth oil on dynamic of antioxidant and immune status in 125 patients with ischemic heart disease and hyper-lipoproteidemia. The efficacy of diets with different contents of squalene (100, 200, 400, 600 mg per day) was compared. It was shown that antiatherosclerotic diet with inclusion 600 mg squalene has promoted the most positive changes of immune status. The consumption of 200-400 mg of squalene per day produced the more significant antioxidant effect.

The investigation of influent of antiatherosclerotic diets with chitosan on clinical and metabolic parameters in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Results of the study show that enrichment of a diet with chitosan in patients with ishemic heart disease and hypertension improved clinic, immune status, antropometric levels and lipid spectrum of blood. The research has shown, that the use in the treat-preventive purposes chitosan is rather perspective.

The investigation included 120 patients who had undergone different revascularizing operations more than 10 years ago for obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremity vessels. Dyslipoproteidemia was diagnosed in 88 of them. It was established that in patients with dyslipoproteidemia the symptoms of ischemia of lower extremities were developed in younger age. Within 5 years after the first revascularizing operations there appear reliable differences in the course of the disease in patients with dyslipoproteidemia and normal levels of lipids in blood. More than 90% of patients with dyslipoproteidemia in the distant period of time have symptoms of generalized atherosclerosis, and the survival is mainly predetermined by cardiac and cerebral complications of atherosclerosis. The life of dyslipoproteidemia patients operated upon is 8 years shorter than of subjects with the normal-level of lipids in blood.

The authors have proposed and fulfilled the operation of partial ileoshunting on a 45 year-old woman. The using of endovideosurgical method made the operation less traumatic and minimized the cosmetic defect. The patient was discharged on the 6th day. The authors have made 3 more operations of this kind in patients with hypercholesterinemia.

The effect of micronized fenofibrate (Lipanthyl 200 M, Laboratoire Fournier, France, in dose 200 mg per day) on the serum level of 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol (7 alpha-(OH)C) was studied in 10 men (aged 31-60 years) with hyperlipidemia (total C > 6.5 mmol/l). The levels of 7 alpha-(OH)C as well as that of total C, LDL C, VLDL C and HDL C and triglycerides (Tg) were measured before Lipanthyl 200 M treatment (point 0) and after 1, 2 and 3 months of the drug administration. The content of 7 alpha-(OH)C was determined by the reversed phase HPLC after the enzymatic conversion of serum 7 alpha-(OH)C to 7 alpha-(OH)-4-cholesten-3-one in cholesterol oxidase reaction. 7 beta-(OH)C was used as the internal recovery standard. Lipanthyl treatment resulted in considerable reduction of total C, VLDL C and LDL C levels and 7 alpha-(OH)C content. After the second and third months of therapy serum levels of 7 alpha-(OH)C were significantly reduced from 1.3 +/- 0.1 to 0.8 +/- 0.2 and 0.7 +/- 0.1 mumol/l; (P < 0.02). The decrease of 7 alpha-(OH)C content was associated with the decrease in Tg and VLDL C levels. Thus, our data suggest that the level of 7 alpha-(OH)C of in human serum may be used as an indicator of intensity of cholesterol oxidation into bile acids.

Aim: To examine antithrombogenic activity of the vascular wall, some hemostatic and rheological properties of blood in patients with unstable angina (UA) and various types of hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP)., Material and Methods: 102 UA patients were divided into groups by HLP types according to D. S. Frideriksen. Antithrombogenic properties of blood vessel wall were examined with the cuff test, blood rheology--with AKP-2 analyser, hemostasis and lipid metabolism--with standard test., Results: UA patients with HLP have low antithrombogenic activity of vascular wall. The most noticeable shifts to hypercoagulation were found in patients with HLP types 2a and 2b. Blood rheology was abnormal (high red cell aggregation in low deformability) in patients with HLP types 2a, 2b and 4., Conclusion: Patients with UA demonstrate relationships between antithrombogenic activity of vascular wall, intensity of lipid metabolism, hemostasis and blood rheology.

Investigation of influence of diet with olive oil on clinical, metabolic and immune indices in patients with ischemic heart disease and hypertension was conducted. As a result of the diet modified by the lipid component positive effect on the course of the diseases and lipid spectrum of blood, pronounced action on some indices of cell immunity, intensity of processes of lipid peroxidation were observed.

The parameters of proteinase-inhibitor balance and lipid metabolism were studied in the blood of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Metabolic disorders in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy with hemophthalmia are characterized by a notable increase in the activities of trypsin-like enzymes and alpha 2-macroglobulin level and normal activity of alpha 1-antitrypsin and shifted lipid metabolism parameters characteristic of types IIb and IV hyperlipoproteinemia. These data indicate a necessity of monitoring lipid metabolism and proteinase-inhibitor balance in patients with diabetic retinopathy in order to detect subjects at a high risk of hemophthalmia and timely start drug correction for preventing this complication.

For clarifying the role of plasma cholesterol ester transfer activity (CETA) in forming hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) and determination of high density lipoproteins cholesterol (Ch HDL) level, lipoprotein metabolism indicators were compared for individuals with high and low CETA. 257 subjects were investigated: 195 patients with different forms of hereditary HLP and individuals without HLP: 34 healthy and 28 with coronary heart disease (CHD). Lipids were determined enzymatically, apoproteins content by immunoturbodimetric and immunodiffusion methods. CETA and cholesterol esterification rate (CER) were measured through autological methods. Selected groups of patients with high and low CETA were significantly distinguished only by plasma Ch level (average Ch > 6.2 mmol/l in both groups), free Ch HDL and CER. The groups were not significantly different by men-women ratio (chi 2 = 0.016, p = 0.9) and CHD patients share (chi 2 = 0.126, p = 0.723). The correlation between CETA and Ch levels was significant for healthy individuals only. The data does not correspond to assumption of exclusively atherogenic influence of high CETA: 1) no correlation between CETA and atherogenic parameters of LP metabolism among different HLP forms was found; 2) Ch HDL levels were not distinguished at high and low CETA; 3) no domination of CHD patients among the subjects with high CETA was found.

Studies of lipid metabolism and proteinase inhibitor balance in the blood of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) revealed hyperlipoproteinemias (HLP) in 61%. Type IIa HLP predominated (32%), type IV HLP were diagnosed in 23%, and type IIb in 7% of cases. Solid exudations in the retina were 7 times more frequent in patients with type IV HLP and 5 times more frequent in those with type IIb HLP than in patients without HLP. The most expressed shifts of proteinase inhibitor balance towards increase of trypsin-like activity, which was not compensated for by the antitryptic potential, were observed in the same two groups. The data indicate that PDR patients with types IIb and IV HLP with increased blood proteolytic activity not compensated for by inhibitors are at a high risk of developing solid exudations in the retina. Therefore individual drug correction of lipid metabolism and proteinase inhibitor balance is recommended for maintaining visual function in diabetics. The treatment should be based on the results of clinical and biochemical studies.

Atherosclerosis as a key factor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is one of the most pressing problem of modern medicine. Most phenotypic deviations of serum cholesterol levels are genetically predetermined and the influence of environmental factors is much less. The vast majority of hereditary dyslipoproteinemia are polygenic. Monogenic disorders are seen in a small proportion of patients with atherosclerosis. However, they only emphasizes the carriage of alleles of the genes that determine various aspects of lipid genesis, transport, and predisposition to atherosclerosis. Virtually all primary dyslipoproteinemias appear as atherogenic types and they represent a special form of atherosclerosis. This fact affects the specific features of cardiovascular diseases in patients with hereditary hyperlipidemias. In these patients coronary heart disease as the most common manifestation of atherosclerosis occurs just in infancy, it is malignant and progressive and unresponsive to treatment. Furthermore, there is a drastic increase in the likelihood of a menacing and fatal complication, such as sudden death. For therapeutical and preventive purposes, these all factors make it necessary to perform a comprehensive early diagnosis of hereditary dyslipoproteinemias by using clinical, genealogical and routine studies, followed by correction of the disorders detected.

A new analytical procedure for determining the fraction composition (FC) of lipoproteins (LP) is developed on the basis of the physical method small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). This method quantitatively determines the levels of the basic fractions of LP and their subfractions in plasma or serum to analyze LP FC and to diagnose lipid metabolic disturbances. The results obtained by this procedure were compared with those of gel-electrophoresis, biochemistry, and medical diagnosis. There was a good agreement of SAXS and routine methods. The new procedure shows extremely rapid (1.0-1.5 hr) analysis, uses a single reagent (such as the saccharose type), has a high accuracy, and resolution. The analysis requires as high as 0.05 ml of plasma or serum. LP FC may be analyzed both in protein-free and whole native plasma and sera. The findings may be used in clinical care for diagnosis of dyslipidemias and for researches.

Aim: The study of the hypolipidemic efficiency, safety and tolerance of ciprofibrate (lipanor) in therapy of atherogenic hyperlipoproteinemia., Materials and Methods: The trial included 14 hypertensive postmenopausal females, 14 patients with diabetes mellitus type II, 14 males with coronary heart disease and primary hyperlipoproteinemia (total cholesterol > 6.5 mmol/l, triglycerides < 4.5 mmol/l under low-cholesterol diet). Lipanor was given for 12 weeks in a daily single dose 100 mg in the morning. Lipids and other biochemical indices were measured in a fasting state after 1 and 3 months of lipanor treatment., Results: After 1 month of lipanor treatment there was a 22-30%, 24-49% decrease in the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, respectively. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased by 16%. The hypolipidemic effect of lipanor persisted for 3 months during which triglycerides continued to fall (up to 38.5%). Lipanor was well tolerated, only one patient with diabetes mellitus had hyperactivity of creatine phosphokinase manifesting with clinical symptoms (the drug was discontinued). 3 patients developed mild side effects. Alkaline phosphatase activity inhibited in all the groups by 25-41%., Conclusion: Lipanor is a highly effective, safe hypolipidemic drug with good tolerance. It can be recommended for correction of atherogenic hyperlipoproteinemia in patients at high risk of atherosclerosis progression.

Aim: Evaluation of effectiveness of hypolipidemic action of probucol in doses 500 and 1000 mg/day and comparison of probucol blood concentrations on the treatment month 3 and 6., Materials and Methods: Probucol (Akrikhin, Russia) was given to 41 patients with primary hypercholesterolemia in a dose 500 mg/day. 3 months later the patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 patients exhibited a > 10% decrease in cholesterol levels and continued to take probucol in the dose 500 mg/day. Group 2 patients were crossed over to higher cholesterol dose--up to 1000 mg/day. Lipids levels were measured by enzyme tests, apoproteins--by immunoturbidimetry and immunodiffusion, probucol concentrations--by high-performance liquid chromatography., Results: After 3 months of treatment, cholesterol lowered by 14.3 and 9.2% in groups 1 and 2, respectively. After 6 months, by 19.7 and 12.9%, respectively. Probucol concentrations in blood were higher after 6 months of treatment than after 3 months in both groups. No significant differences existed between the groups by probucol concentrations in 3 and 6 months., Conclusion: Hypolipidemic effect of probucol depended on the individual features of lipoproteins metabolic disorders rather than the drug blood concentration. Larger probucol doses fail to reduce cholesterol further.

Aim: To reveal the metabolic parameters of lipoproteins (L), which determine the benefits of hypolipidemic effects of simvastatin (S) and fluvastatin (F); to trace changes in the activity of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCA) and cholesterol (C) ester transfer (CET) from high density lipoproteins to very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) and the levels of apoE in the blood and in some L classes during therapy with the above drugs., Materials and Methods: Thirty six patients took S, 10 mg/day, and 25 received F, 20 mg/day, for 3 months. The levels of lipids were measured by enzyme assays, apoprotein (apo) was determined by immunoturbidimetry and immunodiffusion., Results: The hypocholesterolemic and hypotriglyceridemic effect of S (19.6 and 25.5, respectively) and F (19.0 and 30.5%) were similar. With S, the reduction in the blood levels of C and LDL C positively correlated with the baseline apoE levels. With F, it did with C and LDL C before treatment. Lower blood apoE was found with S and F and lower HDL apoE/(VLDL + LDL) ratio was detected only with F. F treatment significantly lowered the activity of CET and LCA; before and after S treatment, they did not differ significantly., Conclusion: Analyzing the relationship between the benefits of the hypolipidemic effect and the baseline parameters of L metabolism indicates that the changes in serum C, LDL C and HDL C are due to the composition of HDL particles and the distribution of apoE among different L classes in the patient to a greater degree.

Aim: To specify characteristics of lipoproteins (LPs) metabolism in patients with diverse forms of hereditary hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) and determine biochemical tests for their differential diagnosis., Materials and Methods: According to the criteria of polygenic hypercholesterolemia (PHCE), family combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL), family hypertriglyceridemia (FHTG) and family hypercholesterolemia (FHCE), 157 patients were selected aged 7 to 70 years of 192 examinees (76 patients with primary HLP and 116 their close relatives). Lipids were measured by enzyme methods, apoproteins (apo)--by immunoturbidimetry and immune diffusion., Results: Compared to healthy subjects, PHCE patients were characterized by higher apoB level and proportion cholesterol (CS)/apoB in very low and low density lipoproteins (VLDL and LDL). In unchanged level of high density lipoprotein (HDL) CS and proportion HDLP CS/apoA1 there were reduced quantities of free HDLP CS, HDLP2 CS and apoA1. In FHCE and FCHL there were also low levels of HDL CS in elevated ones of apoE in (VLDL + LDL). However, in FCHL, contrary to FHCE, the proportion SC (VLDP + LDL)/apoB was as in control group. FHTG patients differed from healthy subjects by diminished HDL parameters: lower HDL CS due to free CS and its esters, apoA1 and proportion HDL Cs/apoA. There were no differences with controls by content of apoB and proportion CS (VLDL + LDL)/apoB, apoE levels in different class lipoproteins., Conclusion: Biochemical parameters are proposed which can differentiate various forms of hereditary hyperlipoproteinemia.

Use flax oil as a vegetative source of PUFA omega-3 in diet of patients with ischemic heart disease, hyperlipidemia and high blood pressure resulted in positive dynamic of clinical manifestation, blood lipids and coagulograms of the patient. Pronounced influence on membrane lipids of erythrocytes was revealed: significantly increased a quota an linolenic, eicosapentaenic and docosahexaenic PUFA against a background of reducing a level of linoleic acid.

Total and lipid-bound sialic acids (TSA and LBSA) were measured in the blood of 219 patients with primary or secondary hyperlipoproteinemia (129 patients with ischemic heart disease and 66 patients with diabetes mellitus type II) versus 24 normolipidemic healthy subjects. TSA levels in IHD patients differed significantly from those in IHD-free and diabetic patients. LBSA quantities were the same in IHD and IHD-free patients, being significantly higher in diabetes mellitus than in IHD. These findings give no proves to diagnostic value of TSA and LBSA as markers of IHD and coronary atherosclerosis. TSA levels may be used in the test for disturbed lipoprotein metabolism.

The effectivity of diet AI, containing 20 g of fish oil eiconol, for patients suffering with ischemic heart disease, family hyperlipidemia and hypertension were checked. It was concluded that treatment with eiconol is recommended during 4 weeks 2-3 times per year in dose of 3-6 capsules 3 times a day depending on degree of lipids metabolism and hemocoagulation disturbances.

Diets containing different ratios of omega 6: omega 3- polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were studied for their hypolipidemic, antiatherogenic, thrombolytic, and antihypertensive effects in 448 patients with coronary heart disease, familial hyperlipoproteinemia, essential hypertension. Optimizing the omega 6: omega 3-PUFA ratios in the antiatherosclerotic diet of patients with cardiovascular diseases during inpatient course treatment was found to promote the formation of combined therapeutical effects of a diet. This is caused by changes in the fatty acid composition of cytomembranes and, apparently by lipid-protein interactions that affect the activity of a complex of lipolytic membrane-binding enzymes of different types of cells.

As many as 450 countrymen 20 to 59 years old were examined. They underwent the following measurements: concentration of total cholesterin, triglycerides, cholesterol of high-, low- and very low dencity lipoproteins; there has also been studied the incidence of dyslipoproteinemias. The prevalence of atherogenic and antiatherogenic dyslipoproteinemias is as follows: 8.3 % (type II a), 1.6 % (type 11 b), 0.2 % (type III), 7.4 % (type IV), 1.1 % (type V) 11 % (hyperalphalipoproteinemia), 3.6 % (hypoalphalipoproteinemia), and 6.1 % (hypobetalipoproteinemia), as evidenced by phenotyping studies. A substantial proportion of examenees (59.5 %) are those individuals with normolipoproteinemia.

Rat experiments have revealed that surplus sodium chloride intake causes dyslipoproteinemia and intensifies the atherogenic action of propranolol. The new antihypertensive and antiedematous table salt substitute, as sanasole exerts its hypocholesterolemic effect. Both dietary salt mixtures eliminates the atherogenic action of beta-adrenoblocker. The application of table salt substitutes may become a convenient and effective agent against risk for atherogenesis.

Changes of serum lipoprotein levels were classified in random selects of male donors aged 20-59, living in Ufa (370 examinees) and Bashkirian rural center (130 examinees). The examinees of Ufa appeared to have hyperalpha- (6.8%), hypoalpha- (6.3%), combined hyperalpha- and hypobeta- (0.9%), hypobetalipoproteinaemia (2.7%), IIa (6.3%), IIb (2.3%) and IV (5.0%) types of hyperlipoproteinaemia, cholesterol and/or triglycerid levels were within normal limits (4.5%). The examinees of the rural center were diagnosed as having hyperalpha- (2.3%), hypoalpha- (6.1%), combined hyperalpha- and hypobeta- (0.8%), IIa (3.8%), IIb (7.7%) types of hyperlipoproteinaemia. The article covers discussion on influence of antropogenous environment on formation of dyslipoproteinaemia phenotypes.

Content of lipids, character of chemiluminescence of blood plasma and certain classes of lipoproteins have been studied. Geometrical parameters, nature and quantity of charged groups of lipoprotein particles accessible for titration have been determined 1 and 30 days after a single external gamma irradiation of rats in a dose of 3 Gy. The used irradiation dose exerts an expressed hyperlipidemic effect retained for one month after irradiation. The disturbances in the spectrum of blood lipids and lipoproteins are of hyper-beta and hyper-prebeta lipoproteinemia character. Considerable disturbances of physicochemical properties of different classes of lipoproteins have been detected. They are exhibited in changes of the pattern of free-radical processes, state of the charge of surface ionogenic groups and geometrical parameters of lipoprotein particles. Changes registered by the methods of potentiometric titration and correlation spectroscopy are most expressed in lipoproteins of very low density and those of low density.

The authors recommend complex two-stage treatment of ischemic heart disease, including a reconstructive operation on the coronary arteries and an operation for correcting the disturbed plasma lipid spectrum (partial ileal bypass). The results of operative treatment of 150 patients with the use of the internal thoracic artery were studied. The authors emphasize the advantages of this operation over one using an autovein graft. Complex operative treatment was conducted in the clinic in 60 patients with a good clinical effect. The authors also recommend operation for partial ileal bypass as an independent intervention in dyslipoproteinemia and diffuse affection of the coronary arteries.

The authors studied the influence of linseed oil, and mixtures of linseed and sunflower oils, in varying ratios, on the levels of cholesterol, low- and very low-density lipoproteins, high-density cholesterol, free and esterified cholesterol, and on the fatty-acid composition of low- and very low-density lipoproteins. In experiments on Wistar white rats linseed oil decreased cholesterol concentration, and the levels of low- and very low-density lipoproteins, as well as affected the fatty-acid composition of lipoproteins.

The author studied the lipid metabolism in 121 persons with borderline arterial hypertension, in 36 persons with normal arterial pressure without hereditary aggravation for hypertensive disease. It was established that persons with borderline arterial hypertension showed an increase of the level of triglycerides and atherogeneity as compared with normotensive persons without hereditary aggravation for hypertensive disease. Normotensive relatives of patients with hypertensive disease revealed changes of the lipid metabolism analogous with borderline arterial hypertension. Results of phenotyping of dyslipoproteidemias evidence an increase of atherogenic forms of dyslipoproteidemias among persons with borderline arterial hypertension mainly due to IV and hypo-alpha types.

Main pathways of cholesterol catabolism were found to be dissimilar in patients with spontaneous coronary atherosclerosis accompanied by hyperlipoproteinemia as compared with healthy persons of the same age. In the patients, independently of the hyperlipoproteinemia type, a longer pathway prevailed which terminated at the step of cholic acid formation, while in healthy persons the shorter pathway was found to be discontinuous after chenodeoxycholic acid production. The specific property of cholesterol catabolism in healthy persons appears to be due to a decrease in activity of V12 alpha-hydroxylase thus protecting against development of spontaneous atherosclerosis.

As many as 196 persons were examined. Of these, 106 were with a normal sinus rhythm and 90 had sick-sinus syndrome (SSS). Measurements were made of the level of malonic dialdehyde and the total antioxidant blood activity, the lipoprotein spectrum. Electrophysiological studies of the heart, ECG monitoring and bicycle ergometry were carried out. Maximal impairment of lipid peroxidation (LP) in type IIA hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) was identified according to Fredrickson both in patients with SSS and without it. In patients with SSS, the rise of the closeness of the relationship between LP and HLP was observed. In patients with CHD and (or) EH, LP was mostly disturbed in EH and in associated CHD and EH (both in patients with and without SSS). As compared with the respective control groups, SSS patients showed considerable disorders of LP. It is suggested that LP disorders related to HLP may play a role in the pathogenesis of SSS.

A total of 121 inpatients with insulin and noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus were investigated. The patients with noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus were divided into 2 groups with relation to the presence or absence of secondary resistance to sulfonyl urea derivatives. Changes in the plasma and lipoprotein concentration of cholesterol (ChS) and triglycerides (TG) were analyzed. According to the author's classification, changes in lipoprotein patterns were distributed in some phenotypes of dyslipoproteinemias (DLP) and their prevalence was studied among the examinees. DLPs were detected in 84.3% of the patients (59.8% were latent). The patients demonstrated a high frequency of hypocholesterolemia of very low density lipoproteins (57.8%) and hypertriglyceridemia of low density lipoproteins (31.4%). These intralipoprotein variations were shown to be the chief element of phenotypical characterization of II (c, d), IV (b, c) and VI (a, b, c) DLP types, not included in Fredrickson's classification.

Fredrichson phenotyping of hyperlipidemia was carried out in 55 patients with obliterative atherosclerosis of the lower extremity blood vessels. The average values of lipid metabolism evidence moderate disorders of the lipid metabolism. The second type of hyperlipoproteinemia prevailed. The dynamics of changes of the indices of lipid metabolism in the postsorption period depends on the initial level. In cases with a high initial level the content of cholesterol and triglycerids reduces significantly while in case of normal initial values or slightly elevated values the content of cholesterol and triglycerids changes insignificantly.

The effect of antioxidant (AO) of the 3-hydroxypyridin class on microcirculatory system (MC) disorders of rabbits with dyslipoproteinemia (DLP) and its alimentary correction (the standard ration--9 months) was studied. Aorta, the intestinal mesentery microcirculatory bed, the microvessels adrenergic innervation, erythrocyte morphology were examined. The various lipoprotein fractions and lipid peroxidation (LP) products were studied in venous blood. After AO including into atherogenic diet (ATD) the lipid homeostasis disorders, the LP activation, MC disturbances, anomalous erythrocyte form appearance and atherosclerosis changes in aorta were less pronounced. Under the AO influence when DLP was corrected the initial level of lipid metabolism and LP restored, the MC disorders and the atherosclerosis changes in aorta regressed in a shorter period of time. The interrelation was observed between the DLP level, the structural and functional MC disorders and the extent of aorta atherosclerosis. Thus, DLP and LP correction at the early stages of pathological process can lead to the disappearance of MC disorders, what seems important for the prevention of atherosclerosis. The role of the LP activation in MC disorders in DLP and mexidol effect on them, especially in complex with DLP correction were evaluated.

The authors review the results of the clinical use of lovastatin in 150 patients with associated coronary heart disease and coronary atherosclerosis (according to coronarography). All the patients suffered from primary non-familial hyperlipoproteinemia (of the IIa and IIb types) and were entered into the placebo-controlled studies of the effectiveness of lovastatin. After 3 months of the treatment there was a decrease in the levels of total cholesterol (by 36%) (p less than 0.001); the content of cholesterol LDLP dropped by 48% (p less than 0.001), and that of triglycerides by 19% (p less than 0.01), while the level of cholesterol HDLP rose. Side effects were recorded in an insignificant number of cases. Therefore, lovastatin is a highly effective and well tolerable drug for the treatment of patients with coronary heart disease and hyperlipoproteinemia.

Comparison of the course of psoriasis in patients with hypo- and hyperalphacholesterolemia, hypo- and hyperbetacholesterolemia (Type IIA hyperlipoproteinemia) with that in the patients without identified lipid metabolism disturbances has been carried out. Blood lipoproteins were typed in the progressive stage of psoriasis. In hypoalphacholesterolemia patients the period of the psoriatic process stabilization was prolonged. Furthermore the frequency of coming remissions in women correlated (q = 0.90) with the concentration of high density lipoprotein cholesterol. In men similar correlation (q = 0.97) was observed only in the range between the lowest (under 0.5 mmol/l) and the upper thresholds of the mean level (1.4-1.7 mmol/l) of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and then it was undetectable. Type IIA hyperlipoproteinemia had no unfavorable effect on the course of psoriasis. Possible mechanisms responsible for these results are discussed.

Spin probe, a stearic acid derivative, was used to study the structural features of different lipoproteins (LP) from plasma of subjects with different plasma level of high density LP (HDLP). Access of spin probe located in the internal nonpolar regions of HDLP for the reducer, ascorbic acid, was higher in hyperalphalipoproteinemia than in mean values of HDLP cholesterol concentration. An analogous effect was seen in subjects with LP of very low density. Possible causes of such differences as well as their role in biochemical reactions that proceed with LP participation are discussed.

Hypolipidemic therapy should be developed as a therapy aimed at the normalization of metabolism since the functional relationship of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism is evident both in normal and pathological conditions. The results of the reaction of the lipid spectrum of the blood to a single glucose load confirms that patients with combined hyperlipoproteinemias (IIb type) are heterogeneous in terms of the pathogenesis of the metabolic disturbances which should be taken into account in assessing the efficiency of hypolipidemic drugs as well as in selecting and administering medicines.