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At an experimental model of alimentary hyperlipoproteinemia the medical effect of specialized product "Zolotoi Rog", a composition of biologically active substances, antioxidants and honey, isolated from marine organisms, was analysed. The hypolipidemic effect of this product was defined at violations of lipid metabolism of blood and liver of animals. Deterioration of the processes of lipids peroxidation and raising activity of antioxidant system of an organism, were revealed.

Experiments on 36 male rats with experimental hyperlipoproteinemia demonstrated that transcerebral exposure to impulse current (100 Hz, 2mA) aggravates atherogenic alterations, provokes hyperactivation of kallikrein-kinin system and unbalance of elastase inhibitory activity in the serum and myocardium. The latter may contribute to better vascular permeability for low-density lipoproteins, to development of edema of vascular intima, lability of cellular and lysosomal membranes with hydrolysis of elastine and collagen fibers of myocardial vessels and other organs. Transcerebral exposure to electromagnetic UHF field (40.68 MHz) is not hypolipidemic but has no negative effect on experimental atherosclerosis, promotes normalization of kallikrein-kinin system in the serum, activation of this system in the myocardium and cerebral cortex, correction of destructive processes in the serum and cerebral cortex with a risk of their development in the myocardium.

Diets containing different ratios of omega 6: omega 3- polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were studied for their hypolipidemic, antiatherogenic, thrombolytic, and antihypertensive effects in 448 patients with coronary heart disease, familial hyperlipoproteinemia, essential hypertension. Optimizing the omega 6: omega 3-PUFA ratios in the antiatherosclerotic diet of patients with cardiovascular diseases during inpatient course treatment was found to promote the formation of combined therapeutical effects of a diet. This is caused by changes in the fatty acid composition of cytomembranes and, apparently by lipid-protein interactions that affect the activity of a complex of lipolytic membrane-binding enzymes of different types of cells.

A total of 230 patients with neurocirculatory dystonia (NCD) were investigated. Different mental disorders associated with the atherogenic nature of dyslipoproteinemia were revealed in the majority of patients using the clinical scale and MMPI test. Psychotropic agents used for a period of 2-4 mos improved the mental status of these patients, increased exercise tolerance, and decreased blood levels of free fatty acids (FFA). A course of exercise training (graded walking) for 4-6 mos. helped to enhance exercise tolerance, to lower the blood levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, FFA, the total fraction of low- and very low-density lipoproteins, to reduce manifestations of hypochondriasis, depression, and neurasthenia . The results obtained can be used for developing programs of NCD patients' rehabilitation.

Fredrichson phenotyping of hyperlipidemia was carried out in 55 patients with obliterative atherosclerosis of the lower extremity blood vessels. The average values of lipid metabolism evidence moderate disorders of the lipid metabolism. The second type of hyperlipoproteinemia prevailed. The dynamics of changes of the indices of lipid metabolism in the postsorption period depends on the initial level. In cases with a high initial level the content of cholesterol and triglycerids reduces significantly while in case of normal initial values or slightly elevated values the content of cholesterol and triglycerids changes insignificantly.

The effect of antioxidant (AO) of the 3-hydroxypyridin class on microcirculatory system (MC) disorders of rabbits with dyslipoproteinemia (DLP) and its alimentary correction (the standard ration--9 months) was studied. Aorta, the intestinal mesentery microcirculatory bed, the microvessels adrenergic innervation, erythrocyte morphology were examined. The various lipoprotein fractions and lipid peroxidation (LP) products were studied in venous blood. After AO including into atherogenic diet (ATD) the lipid homeostasis disorders, the LP activation, MC disturbances, anomalous erythrocyte form appearance and atherosclerosis changes in aorta were less pronounced. Under the AO influence when DLP was corrected the initial level of lipid metabolism and LP restored, the MC disorders and the atherosclerosis changes in aorta regressed in a shorter period of time. The interrelation was observed between the DLP level, the structural and functional MC disorders and the extent of aorta atherosclerosis. Thus, DLP and LP correction at the early stages of pathological process can lead to the disappearance of MC disorders, what seems important for the prevention of atherosclerosis. The role of the LP activation in MC disorders in DLP and mexidol effect on them, especially in complex with DLP correction were evaluated.

An affine hemosorbent, a product of covalent heparin immobilization on a solid matrix, has been proposed for the extraction of atherogenic lipoproteins. The sorbent has high capacity with respect to atherogenic lipoproteins and is selective with other blood constituents. Experimental hemosorption in animals demonstrated rapid sorbent regeneration and satisfactory hemo- and biocompatibility, therefore the new sorbent can be recommended for clinical application.

In 200 operations of partial shunts of the small intestine in patients with hyperlipoproteinemia the authors have used their modification of the technique of partial ileoshunts in patients with normal weight and jejuno-ileoshunts in patients with morbid obesity. The modification has considerably reduced the amount of postoperative complications. The authors recommend using the procedure at the hospitals dealing with problems of metabolic surgery.

A total of 158 males with coronary risk factors and excessive (4 to 55% above normal) body weight were treated by diet and exercise for hyperlipoproteinemia in an out-patient clinic for 18 months. Blood cholesterol decreased significantly, by 14.4% (p less than 0.001), in 10% of the males who had lost at least 10% of excessive weight. Blood triglycerides decreased by 23% in 22% of the patients, who had lost 5.5% and more of excessive body weight (p less than 0.01). A two-month course of treatment with essential forte in combination with diet and regular exercise reduced blood cholesterol by 15.1% in 62%, and blood triglycerides, by 44.5% in 61.9% (p less than 0.001).

The authors introduce a new approach in a clinical and experimental research termed immunosorption. They have developed highly specific and selective agarose-conjugated immunosorbent with monospecific goat antibodies against human LDL. The sorbent is used in clinical practice for removal of atherogenic lipoproteins from the patients plasma--LDL apheresis procedure. The advantages of affinity chromatography based on LDL-apheresis over plasma-pheresis and haemosorption are discussed. Nonspecific adsorptive, hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions that take place during haemosorption do not provide the required selectivity, while immunosorption procedure enables minimization of nonspecific adsorption of plasma compounds during LDL-apheresis. Several examples illustrate clinical applications of immunosorption method.

The characteristic signs of Pickwickian syndrome are the high degree of obesity and cardiovascular and respiratory insufficiency, to various degrees. Forty five patients with Pickwickian syndrome were treated at the Clinic of Metabolic Diseases. They represent 3.4 per cent of the total number of patients with obesity of various degrees, observed and treated. The majority of the affected were established to be males (34), mainly III and IV degree of obesity. The average age of the patients was 51 years. Somnolence, lassitude, enhanced appetite, cyanosis and dyspnea with unrestful sleep, with sloring were observed in all patients. The moderate motive regiment applied and the hypoenergy diet under clinical condicions with an average stay of 26 days at the clinic led to considerable reduction of body mass (with 11,7 kg on the average), resulting into an improvement of the functional respiratory parameters and ECG. The elevated values of blood pressure were normalized in the majority of the patients after the treatment. In all patients, the unpleasant subjective complaints, somnolence including, disappeared and respiratory indices were improved. The significant disorders in lipid, carbohydrate and purine metabolism were favourably influenced by the therapeutic regiment applied.