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The problem actuality is caused by significant enhancement of the incidence rate for inflammatory diseases of the head and neck tissues, first of all of the oral cavity floor abscesses and phlegmons, which causes severe forms of mediastinitis while inadequate treatment. The authors have had established, that Toll-like receptors (TLR) initiate a cascade of anti-inflammatory reactions of the inborn immunity, followed by synthesis of a certain cytokines, and their genetic polymorphism changes the immune reactivity of the organism. Trustworthy correlation of the gene TLR4 (rs4986790) polymorphism 896A/G was proved with high risk of the odontogenic phlegmon of the oral cavity floor occurrence, what would permit to prognosticate the disease course in early terms, to optimize the schemes of its prophylaxis and treatment.

The aim of the research was to identify the role of genes polymorphisms encoding TLR2 (NP_003255.2) and TLR4 (NP_612564.1) in the increase of the specific IgE production level and development of allergic diseases. Genetic typing of genome specific regions was performed by polymerase chain reaction method using specific oligonucleotide primers. The obtained results display that the most significant causative allergens are epidermal and household allergens (epidermis of cat, dog and horse, D. farinae, D. pteronyssinus). The relationship of polymorphisms TLR2 (rs5743708) and TLR4 (rs4986790) with increased production of specific IgE in patients with allergic diseases was also observed.

The estimation data of contamination by separate groups of microorganisms and dependence of the microbial content level upon TLR4 gene 896A/G polymorphism in 20 samples of atherosclerotic lesions in coronary arteries has been presented. The presence of TLR4 gene polymorphic allele G in the individual genotype determines the increased contamination of atherosclerotic plaque tissues by the representatives of the following genera: Lactobacillus sp., Enterobacterium sp., Sneathia sp./Leptotrihia sp./Fusobacterium sp., Mobiluncus sp./Corynebacterium sp., Peptostreptococcus sp. The emergence of new correlation pairs with participation of Lachnobacterium sp./Corynebacterium sp. among the carriers of G allele has been revealed via the intragroup correlation analysis. The obtained results confirm the possible involvement of the represented groups of microorganisms in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and the role of the TLR4 gene polymorphic variant G in the increased microbial contamination of the coronary arteries tissues.

In total 256 patients with arterial hypertension were examined in one of the districts of out-patients clinic. Preventive clinical investigation revealed high frequency of nutrition disorders, overweight, obesity and hypercholesterolemia. On the base of these results necessary size and character of dieteologic intervention were evaluated. 90.2% patients with arterial hypertension need overweight and obesity correction, 90.3%--correction of hypercholesterolemia. It was determined that by majority patients recommendations must be aimed to decrease of fat consumption, cholesterol, simple carbohydrates, salt and vegetables and fruits.

The article covers first published main parameters of management and practical activities of national system for mandatory social insurance of workmen's occupational risks within a Federal Law No 125-FL "On mandatory social insurance against occupational accidents and diseases". The authors present dynamics of insurers (employers) registration, values of allocation rates, dynamics and structure of insurance payments, results of investigations on traumatism and occupational diseases. The suggestions are ways to improve the existing system from occupational medicine viewpoint.

With use of a method of daily reproduction at representative sample of an unorganized population of inhabitants of Moscow the sources of energy value and contribution of various products to supply organism by the basic food substances (protein, fats, carbohydrates and cholesterol) are investigated. Is established that the nutrition structure is obviously debalanced. More quarters of daily diet energy is provided for consumption of animal fats and simple sugars. Is shown that the main part of fat (2/3) enters in organism as the "latent" fats of animal products, the fats "in the pure form" half consist from butters. The main source of the saturated fats and cholesterol for men are meat, and for women--the dairy products. 12% researched refuse purified sugars.

On the basis of three-multiple research of character of a feed of the inhabitants of one of Moscow district by the standardized method of the 24-th hour interrogation reveals significant changes in structure of a feed of the population from 1986 to 1996. The shifts have appeared more dynamical in the second five-year from 1991 to 1996. Nevertheless, atherogenicity of ration of a researched population with superfluous consumption of the saturated fats and simple carbohydrates remains. Is established, in a feed of the women there were large shifts, than at the men. The structure of a feed of the inhabitants of Moscow differed from structure of a feed of the inhabitants of Russia.

Dietary intake was studied in 295 of Moscow's residents by 24-hour recall method. High level of animal fat, sugar and cholesterol (Ch) were found in diet of man and women. Energy intake of men is higher than that of women at the expense of animal fat and protein. Women consume less amount of cholesterol-containing food. The levels of serum Ch, HDLP-Ch, triglycerides are in close relation with blood pressure values. The levels of serum Ch, HDLP-Ch, systolic and diastolic blood pressure are connected with variables of age and body mass index.