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This work was designed to study a change in cytokine content in the peripheral blood of behaviorally passive and active Wistar rats at various time intervals after acute stress on the model of night-time immobilization. A decrease in the concentration of most pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in passive animals was most pronounced immediately and, particularly, 3 days after stress exposure. Variations in the blood cytokine profile after experimental stress were lower in behaviorally active specimens. A statistically significant decrease was observed only in the amount of a proinflammatory cytokine IL-1α and anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-13. As differentiated from passive rats, these changes in active specimens were most pronounced 1 day after negative emotiogenic exposure. Our results illustrate a specific involvement of immunoactive substances in the systemic regulation of physiological functions and development of individual resistance to the negative consequences of stress.

At present biochemistry of nutrition involves the use of OMICs to investigate food quality, safety, bioactivity and nutrition mechanisms. In this context, nutrimetabolomics is one of the latest directions of nutrition development and provides a better understanding of the influence of nutritional factors on the metabolic pathways of the organism. Proteomic methods play an important role in nutrimetabolomics and allow to detect, identify and quantify proteins under different conditions. Variety of technical and methodological advances, improvements in bioinformatics and possibility of tandem use of different methods helps to solve a number of basic and applied science's problems. Currently huge amount of qualitative and quantitative data on the structure, functions and activities of proteins and their interactions is accumulated. Proteomics aims to establish and characterize a complete set of proteins of the organism. This review summarizes the basic applications of proteomics used in nutrimetabolomic researches. The advantages and disadvantages of the most common techniques of protein separation and sample ionization, types of mass analyzers, basic approaches to the identification of proteins and most widely used databases of known biological sequences are overviewed with a critical assessment of challenges and potential applications.