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Surgery of meningiomas of the posterior cranial fossa, due to its small volume and close anatomical relationship of neoplasms with the brain stem, cranial nerves, main arteries and venous collectors, remains one of the urgent problems of neurooncology. Despite the improvement of microsurgical techniques and neurophysiological control, maintaining a high level of quality of life after radical removal of meningiomas is still far from desired. Purpose of the study. Retrospective analysis and generalization of clinical results of surgical treatment of patients with meningiomas of the posterior cranial fossa. Material and methods. The paper analyzes the results of surgical treatment of 101 patient with meningiomas of the posterior cranial fossa of various localization (80 women (79.2 %) and 21 men (20.7 %), age 58.26 ± 1.00 years). According to the localization of meningiomas, they were distributed as follows: convexital – 49 (48.5 %), cerebellopontine angle – 22 (21.8 %), jugular foramen – 4 (4 %), petroclival – 16 (15.8 %), foramen magnum – 10 (9.9 %). Results. All patients underwent surgical removal of the formation. In 99 (98 %) one-stage and in 2 (1.9 %) cases of additional surgical intervention, in the form of external drainage according to Arendt and ventriculoperitoneal shunting, due to frolicking liquorodynamic disorders. Radical removal of meningioma (grade I according to Simpson scale) was achieved in 72 (71.3 %) of cases, tumor resection with coagulation of the tumor matrix zone (Simpson II) – in 21 (20.8 %), removal without resection and coagulation of the matrix, or leaving the extradural component of meningiomas (Simpson III) – in 8 (7.9 %). Conclusions. The results obtained on the basis of the complex use of modern neuroimaging diagnostic tools, microneurosurgery, optimal surgical approaches in combination with the mandatory intraoperative physiological control of the function of the brain stem and cranial nerves in the early postoperative period indicate an improvement in the functional state, and sometimes complete regression of the neurological symptoms in 58 (57.4 %) of operated patients. Complete regression of symptoms and restoration of the functional state was achieved in 30 (29.7 %) of cases, deterioration was noted in 17 (16.8 %) of the operated patients, mortality was 4.95 % (n = 5).

Aim. To compare the relative expression levels of circulating microRNAs associated with cardiovascular diseases, selected according to the literature review, in the blood plasma samples of patients with two variants of chronic vascular wall injury: coronary artery atherosclerosis (CAA) and thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA).Material and methods. Patients admitted to the Clinical Center of the I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (University Clinical Hospital No. 1) with CAA (n=45), TAA (n=38), as well as a control group (n=17) were included. Standard clinical and demographic, laboratory and instrumental data were collected in accordance with Russian clinical guidelines, and additional sampling and preparation of blood plasma of patients was carried out with further quantitative determination of the circulating microRNAs level via real-time polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription. A comprehensive comparative analysis of the profiles of circulating microRNAs in the blood plasma of patients with two different variants of arterial pathology: atherosclerosis and aneurysmal changes, as well as with the control group was carried out. The levels of 12 circulating microRNAs were studied: miR-21-5p, -23a-3p, -29b-3p, -92a-3p, -126-5p, -143-3p, -145-5p, -146a-5p, -150-5p, -181b-5p, 2-23-3p and -451a.Results. The strongest difference with the control group in patients with CAA and TAA was observed for miR-21-5p, -29b-3p and -126-3p. Most of the circulating microRNAs studied were higher in the TAA group compared with CAA and controls these include miR-21-5p, -23a-3p, -29b-3p, -92a-3p, -126-3p, -126-5p, -146a-5p, -150-5p, -181b-5p. Significant differences between the pathology groups were noted for miR-126-3p and miR-205-5p. Some microRNAs (­miR-143-3p, -92 a3, -195-5 p) can be used to diagnose coronary artery atherosclerosis, other microRNAs (miR-21-5p, -23a-3p, -126-3p, -126-5p, -451a) are TAA-specific.Conclusion. The present study showed significant differences in the circulating microRNAs in patients with atherosclerotic and aneurysmal lesions of the arteries in comparison with the control group. The most significant difference between norm and pathology was found for miR-21-5p, -29b-5p and -126-3p. The levels of miR-126-3p and -205-5p can be used to differentiate CAA and TAA.

Despite the frequent combination of cognitive impairments in patients with cataracts and glaucoma, the latter remain insufficiently studied with various visual deficits. The purpose: to study the association of visual deficits in cataracts and primary open–angle glaucoma with cognitive impairment. The clinical study involved 326 elderly patients with cataracts and 318 elderly patients with primary open­angle glaucoma. The diagnosis of this ophthalmology was performed according to generally accepted methods. The degree of cognitive impairment was determined according to the Mini­-Mental­-State­-Examination (MMSE) scale. Visual deficit was assessed by visual acuity without correction. It was found that with low visual deficit (visual acuity without correction of 0,51–0,60 and over 0,61) in the examined patients with cataract, the average score on the MMSE scale varied from 28,7 ± 0,4 to 28,8 ± 0,6 points, and in patients with primary open­-angle glaucoma from 28,3 ± 0.5 to 28,5 ± 0.6 points with no significant differences in both cases. With severe visual deficit (visual acuity without correction to 0,20 and 0,21–0,30), the average score on the MMSE scale varied from 15,2 ± 0,3 to 17,4 ± 0,4 and from 13,8 ± 0,4 to 17,6 ± 0,3, respectively. The correlation coefficient between visual acuity without correction and the average MMSE score in patients with cataract was +0,436, and in patients with glaucoma — r = +0,482. The presence of an association of visual acuity without correction with cognitive dysfunction is also confirmed by regression analysis, which allows us to consider vision deficiency as a marker of cognitive impairment and can be used in monitoring them in patients with cataracts and glaucoma.

of early stages of deforming osteoarthritis of the knee joint. There is a need to explore the effectiveness and mechanisms of modern methods of electrical therapy and their impact on the quality of life due to close cause-and-effect relationship between the pain, inflammatory and destructive components of osteoarthritis (OA) as one of the most common conditions. The objective was to evaluate the effect of interstitial electrical stimulation (IES) as a monotherapy in the course of conservative treatment of early stages of gonarthrosis based on clinical and biochemical findings. Materials and methods Radiographic findings, skin electrometry (objective parameters of pain intensity), limb weight-bearing capacity, biochemical parameters of connective tissue matrix degradation in blood serum and 24-hour urine samples, and treatment satisfaction were explored in 43 patients. Patients who received a course of IES were assigned to the treatment group (n = 22) and patients who received standard treatment without IES constituted the control group (n = 21). Results Electrometric analysis showed a higher effectiveness of pain relief in the treatment group compared to the controls with asymmetry coefficient measuring 3.2 ± 0.31 versus 1.9 ± 0.4 at p > 0.05. The weight‑bearing scored 3.59 ± 0.34 versus 3.26 ± 0.2 at p > 0.05. The treatment group showed shorter treatment length with 13.21 ± 1.2 days versus 18.3 ± 1.2 days in the control group at p > 0.05 and a higher degree of satisfaction with outcomes scored 96.2 ± 2.59 in the treatment group versus 86.2 ± 3.17 in the control group. A statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) was established in the levels of free and total hydroxyproline characterizing the different intensity of collagen breakdown in the groups at the end of treatment. Discussion The IES used as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory therapy was shown to be highly effective with changes in the hydroxyproline level in the media suggesting a chondroprotective effect. The analysis and comparison of objective parameters demonstrated high effectiveness of IES in the treatment of early stages of gonarthrosis in middle-aged and elderly adults. Conclusion The IES used for treatment of early stages of gonarthrosis helps pain reducing the intensity of collagen destruction and improving weight-bearing.

Various water additives are available for extinguishing forest fires. The additive Les-01 has the most extinguishing effect among them. The corrosiveness of Les-01 water solution (2.5 % vol.) was investigated. There were developed the recommendations for its safe use for both regular fire-fighting equipment and aviation.

Cardiotoxicity is the direct adverse effect of anticancer agents on the function or structure of the heart, occurring both during treatment and many years later. The manifestations of cardiotoxicity can be very different: heart failure, coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, pericarditis, and arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation (AF). The incidence of AF in the cancer patient population during therapy is 20–30%. Current options of remote electrocardiogram monitoring ensure the timely detection and treatment of AF in cancer patients, including the administration of anticoagulants. The article presents a clinical case of a 59-year-old patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the lower third of the esophagus after the first course of the TPF polychemotherapy regimen (docetaxel, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil) with AF detected using a single-channel electrocardiogram monitor in a smartphone case.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the main cause of death and disability in children with type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Children’s mortality from T1DM reaches 1% in developed countries and 13% in developing countries. The main cause of death in DKA is cerebral edema, clinical manifestations of which develop in 0.5–0.9% of children with DKA, while mortality riches 24%.Objective. Developing recommendations to prevent life-threatening complications of children with DKA using analysis of literature data and consolidated opinion of experts on the issues of intensive care in children with T1DM.Materials and methods. We analyzed and discussed studies in diagnosis and treatment of DKA in children with type 1 diabetes and 1200 literature sources since January 1970, published in Russian peer-reviewed scientific journals and international publications presented in the online repository Medline (Pubmed). The search for publications was carried out using the keywords: «children», «DKA», «DM1», «dehydration», «cerebral edema».Results. We considered issues of epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, intensive care for DKA, as well as clinical and diagnosis, treatment, prevention of cerebral edema issues in children. Limitations of the study were the small number of modern studies with a high level of evidence (randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses) over the past 5 years on DKA in children.Conclusion. Taking into account the national and international experience, joint recommendations on a consensus format were developed and formulated for the diagnosis of DKA, its leading complications and treatment recommendations for children with T1DM and DKA. Timely and accurate diagnosis of DKA, intensive therapy options based on proven therapeutic efficacy, laboratory and clinical monitoring are warranted to interrupt the DKA pathogenesis, prevent the development of life-threatening conditions, and improve treatment outcomes for children with DKA.

Aim. To assess the effect of intermittent hypoxic-hyperoxic exposures (IHHE) on the outcomes of on-pump cardiac surgery.Material and methods. This prospective, single-center, randomized, controlled study was conducted in 110 patients with heart valve defects and/or aortic pathology from the cardiac surgery clinic of the I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University. The total sample was randomly divided into a group of patients who underwent IHHE (n=66) and a control group of patients who underwent placebo procedures with ambient air (n=44). The frequency and structure of intra-and postoperative complications were analyzed within 30 days after surgery. The presence of cognitive impairment, as well as serum troponin I and lactate concentrations were analyzed before and after surgery.Results. Peri- and early postoperative complications such as cardiac death, non-fatal infarction and acute heart failure occurred significantly less frequently in patients treated with IHHE compared with placebo group (1,6% vs 16,7%, p=0,009; 1,6% vs 16,7%, p=0,009; 6,3% vs 33,3%, p

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common oncological diseases. On average, in 20–25% of cases after radical surgical treatment of CRC, the progression of the disease in the form of metachronous metastases in the liver and lungs, as the most common localization of CRC metastases, is noted in patients. With the advent of new drug treatment strategies for CRC, there is an increase in overall survival, as a result of which CRC metastases in the adrenal glands have become more common than previously thought, and the number of published reports of cases of CRC metastasis in the adrenal glands has increased. In this article, we report a rare clinical observation of metachronous solitary metastasis of CRC to the left adrenal gland 4 years after radical surgical treatment of the primary tumor: the patient underwent radical left-sided adrenalectomy. The period of observation of the patient without signs of progression and relapse of the disease is 6 months (at the time of publication).

Ischemic cardiovascular events (ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction) are the most common complications of cardiovascular diseases. One of the leading mechanisms of these complications is atherosclerosis. Lipids play an important role in plaque development. Recently, the lipidome has been of greatest interest, since it may have a prognostic value in atherosclerosis development. With an increase in the circulation of proatherogenic lipidomic biomarkers, the risk of atheroscle­rosis destabilization and ischemic complications increases.The conducted studies made it possible to create additional risk stratification scales, for example, Cardiovascular Event Risk Test (CERT) 1 and 2. They make it possible to estimate the residual risk in patients taking statins. The lipidome examination in extracranial artery atherosclerosis can identify those plaques that have signs of instability, and therefore are dangerous for ischemic stroke development.The review describes the features of plasma lipidome in various cardiovascular diseases associated with atherosclerosis.

Background. The development of diabetic retinopathy is favoured by immunological factors such as interleukins (IL) and chemokines. However, analysis of blood interleukins in patients aged 45–59 years with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus, who have biological age acceleration, has not yet been presented in publications. The aim of the research. To study the content of blood interleukins in patients aged 45–59 years with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus, who have an excess of biological age over chronological age. Materials and methods. 241 patients aged 45–59 years with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus were examined in a clinical setting. Biological age acceleration over chronological age was found in 148 patients, biological and chronological age concorded in 51 patients. The content of interleukins in the blood was studied in all patients using an enzyme-linked immunoassay. Results. The concentration of blood interleukins in patients with biological age exceeding chronological, compared with patients aged 45–59 years with concordance of biological and chronological age, was statistically significantly different for most blood interleukins and especially for IL-6, the concentration of which was 20.8 ± 1,2 pg/ml versus 3.9 ± 0.6 pg/ml, respectively (p < 0.001). IL-13, IL-17 were significantly increased among patients with biological age acceleration over chronological; their concentrations were 2.1 ± 0.4 and 16.5 ± 0.6 pg/ml versus 0.5 ± 0.2 and 7.9 ± 0.7 pg/ml in the comparison group (p < 0.001). In contrast, IL-4 and IL-10 levels were higher in patients aged 45–59 years with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus and with concordance of biological and chronological age. Conclusion. IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, IL-17, IL-4 and IL-10 may serve as markers of biological age dissociation in patients aged 45–59 years with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The purpose of this research is to provide an analysis of the current status of the electronics industry in Russia and to suggest ways the government can invest in the industry to create a sustainable and competitive market. Research highlights the importance of the electronics industry in the global economy, and the need for Russia to invest in production and research to increase its domestic output. The study finds that the national strategy for the development of electronics in Russia needs to be more specific and rely on market trends. Research suggests that the government should provide clear funding for new and existing companies to build new facilities and improve research capabilities. Additionally, a feasibility evaluation model for project novelty in the electronics industry is proposed, which considers technology, facilities, funding, and compatibility. The paper emphasizes the significance of narrowing down general provisions of government documents to key development areas such as building factories or creating marketable products. It also recommends that during the recession of the technological cycle, Russia should make every effort to acquire mature equipment to overcome the shortage of semiconductors. The study finds that investing in mature equipment will ensure that the industry is sustainable over the long term. In conclusion, research recommends that Russia uses the current drop in demand for electronics manufacturing facilities to build a sustainable and competitive industry. By implementing these recommendations, Russia can improve both its domestic and international competitiveness in the electronics industry.

Objective. Assessment of organizational and clinical aspects of acute coronary syndrome combined with a new coronavirus infection (SARS- CoV-2).Materials and methods. This is a retrospective study where 60 patients were divided into the following groups: group 1 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and a new coronavirus infection hospitalized in the «red» zone after infection was detected at the prehospital stage (n=29); group 2 - uninfected coronavirus infection patients with ACS (n=31). The primary points were mortality in the hospital and the average time (up to 2 months) after ACS, the incidence of acute heart failure, the incidence of ACS with ST segment elevation, the frequency of acute coronary artery occlusions.Results. The analysis of hospital mortality revealed its higher level in the ACS group and COVID-19 (group 1) (p=0.009). Mortality within 2 months was also higher in group 1 (p=0.017). The groups did not differ in the number of patients with ACS and ST segment elevation and acute coronary artery occlusions. Analysis of the incidence of OSN at admission revealed a statistically significant difference (p=0.05) in group 2 (n=12, 38.7%) compared with group 1 (n=5, 17.2%).Conclusions. Patients with ACS and COVID-19 are characterized by a higher initial severity, a tendency to develop ACS with ST segment elevation, high rates of hospital and 60-day mortality. Separating the flows of infected and uninfected patients makes it possible to improve the epidemiological situation in non-infectious hospitals, however, it leads to a delay in hospitalization of patients with ACS and COVID-19, which potentially increases the risk of fatal complications in this cohort.

The aim. To analyze the results of surgical treatment of sacral schwannomas with their extension into lower pelvis.Materials and methods. We analyzed the clinical results of surgical treatment of 25 patients with sacral schwannomas, including those with ventral extension and growth into pelvic cavity. All patients were operated at the Clinic of Neurosurgery of the Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after Ya.L. Tsivyan for a 10-year period. The analysis of literature describing prevalence, classification, diagnosis and surgical treatment of sacral tumors and schwannomas in particular was carried out. The features of the course, diagnosis and surgical treatment of sacral schwannomas and accepted surgical methods for their treatment are described.Results. The average follow-up period of the patients in our study was 61.6 ± 2 months. Compared with the initial indicators of patients in the postoperative period (1 year after the surgery), a good clinical result with the regression of symptoms was registered in 17 (68 %) out of 25 patients, and 10 (40 %) of them had a significant regression of neurological disorders. 3 (12 %) operated patients had a deterioration of neurological disorders in the form of aggravation of sensitive disorders; one patient had an aggravation of pelvic organ dysfunction. Radical removal of the tumor was achieved in 24 (96 %) out of 25 cases; subtotal resection was performed in 1 (4 %) patient. The number of relapses and continued growth of tumors in our series was 12 % (3 out of 25 patients). The mortality rate was 0 %. The complications were registered in 3 (12 %) cases and manifested as wound liquorrhea in cases of using posterior approach.Conclusion. The degree of radicality of tumor resection and clinical outcomes is directly related to the selected surgical approach.

The paper considers the appliance of the featureless approach to the human activity recognition problem, which exclude the direct anthropomorphic and visual characteristics of human figure from further analysis and thus increase the privacy of the monitoring system. A generalized pairwise comparison function of two human skeletal models, invariant to the sensor type, is used to project the object of interest to the secondary feature space, formed by the basic assembly of skeletons. A sequence of such projections in time forms an activity map, which allows an application of deep learning methods based on convolution neural networks for activity recognition. The proper ordering of skeletal models in a basic assembly plays an important role in secondary space design. The study of ordering of the basic assembly by the shortest unclosed path algorithm and correspondent activity maps for video streams from the TST Fall Detection v2 database are presented.

Aim. To study the effectiveness of the calcium channel blocker amlodipine in the treatment of salt-sensitive hypertension (HTN) and compare it with the genotypes of patients.Material and methods. The study involved 96 patients aged 42,7±5,2 years. There were following inclusion criteria: diagnosis — grade 1, stage 1 hypertension with low risk of cardiovascular events (CVEs). Before inclusion in the study, patients had not taken regular antihypertensive therapy for 3 months. Next, all patients underwent assessment of salt sensitivity of blood pressure according to the M. H. Weinberger method and, based on it, the participants were divided into salt-sensitive and salt-resistant. Regardless of the result, all patients were recommended to have a low-salt diet of 3-5 g/day, with subsequent 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) during the diet. In patients with ineffective diet, amlodipine was prescribed on day 26 at a dose of 2,5-5 mg once a day. The effectiveness of the drug was assessed by repeated ABPM. In addition, a genetic study was performed on 4 polymorphic variants of the genes AGT (T704C), AGT (C521T), AGTR1 (A1166C), AGTR2 (G1675A), ADD1 (G1378T), CYP11B2 (C344T), GNB3 (C825T), NOS3 (T786C), NOS3 (G894T), to determine their association with the effectiveness of a low-salt diet and amplodipine therapy.Results. In patients with grade 1, stage 1 hypertension with low risk of CVEs, the effectiveness of a low-salt diet and amlodipine monotherapy at a dose of 2,55 mg/day was revealed. The results of the study were confirmed by achieving target values of office blood pressure and ABPM. In hypertensive patients not sensitive to salt, amlodipine monotherapy was ineffective. The genotyping revealed a relationship between antihypertensive therapy with amlodipine in salt-sensitive patients and carriage of the GG polymorphism of the AGTR2 gene.Conclusion. The effectiveness of amlodipine and a low-salt diet in salt-sensitive patients with grade 1 hypertension, stage 1, low risk of CVEs with carriage of the GG genotype of the AGTR2 gene.

Aim. To determine the incidence and predictors of cardiovascular events in onpump cardiac operations in modern practice.Material and methods. The study included 200 patients who underwent various elective cardiac surgical interventions. Cardiovascular events (CVEs) were determined within 30 days from the operation, according to medical records and autopsy protocols. We identified major CVEs (cardiovascular death, stroke, myocardial infarction) and minor CVEs (angina pectoris, significant ventricular arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation or flutter episodes, AV conduction disorders, etc.). A comprehensive preoperative examination was performed, including an extended echocardiography protocol and coronary angiography.Results. In 101 patients (50,05%), various CVEs were identified: 4,0% had major CVEs and 46,05% had minor CVEs and various non-cardiac complications, while perioperative mortality was 2,0%. Most ischemic CVEs, as well as most intracardiac conduction disorders, were registered during the first 3 days after surgery. In contrast, episodes of atrial fibrillation/flutter occurred 2-7 days after the intervention. There were following preoperative examination parameters with the highest prognostic value: history of heart failure, age >65 years, history of myocardial infarction, occlusion of at least one coronary artery, and diabetes.Conclusion. The data obtained indicate the high efficiency of current surgical and anesthetic technologies, which lead to relatively low risk of severe and fatal events. The parameters of the preoperative examination, which determine the increased risk of intervention, are highlighted.

Designing of new means for the specific prevention of plague, especially protein subunit vaccines, is impossible without studying the role of individual antigens in the manifestation of the pathogenic and immunogenic properties of Yersinia pestis. The aim of the present study was to determine the antibody levels to Y. pestis antigens in guinea pigs that survived infection with sub-lethal doses of virulent plague agent strains using enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). Materials and methods. Guinea pigs were inoculated subcutaneously with 30 CFU of the wild type Y. pestis subsp. Pestis strain 231 or non-capsular Y. pestis subsp. pestis Caf1-negative strain 358/12. Blood samples from sick or recovered guinea pigs were collected on day 15, 30, 60, and 90 after infection. The antibody response was assessed by 18 recombinant Y. pestis proteins in ELISA. Results and discussion. Heterogeneity of the antibody responses to the majority of the antigens with variation of IgG titers from animal to animal has been revealed. We observed increase in antibody titers by day 90 for the most analyzed antigens in the sera of the guinea pigs injected with wild type Y. pestis 231. On the contrary we found reduction in antibody titers by day 90 in case of inoculation with Y. pestis 358/12. The preservation of antibodies to Y. pestis proteins of different localization in the organism of the guinea pigs, as well functional activity, and the degree of representation on the surface of bacterial cell for a prolonged period of time indicates the multiplex nature of the plague immunity formation. Our findings are significant for the future design and development of effective vaccines against plague and the search for new targets for diagnostics of this disease.

The aim of the work was to put forward the methods for direct quantitative determination of the content of Yersinia pestis and Rickettsia raoultii protein antigens in preparations and various prototypes of subunit vaccines. Materials and methods. Y. pestis LcrV and Caf1 antigens enclosed in the substance of the molecular microencapsulated plague vaccine (MMPV) and separately, in microcrystals of amino acids co-precipitated with plague proteins were used as model antigens. R. raoultii Adr2, OmpB24, and YbgF antigens were adsorbed on the prototype substance of the rickettsia vaccine. The release of plague antigens from MMPV microcapsules was carried out through successive treatment of the latter with organic solvents, methylene chloride and methanol, respectively; the carrier microcrystals were dissolved in 0.1 M sodium citrate buffer at pH 6.0. The antigen content in the prototype substance of the rickettsial vaccine was determined by measuring the amount of proteins not bound to the alumogel. Quantitative parameters characterizing the content of antigens in the substances and prototypes of vaccine preparations were calculated by processing digital images of polyacrylamide gels obtained by electrophoresis of protein antigen fractions extracted from carriers. Results and discussion. Methods for direct extraction and subsequent quantitative analysis of Y. pestis LcrV and Caf1 antigens from subunit vaccine preparations based on amino acid microcrystals and polylactide microcapsules that do not cause protein degradation have been studied. A different nature of the binding of LcrV and Caf1 in the substances of microcrystals has been established, while the proportion of antigens released from microcrystals has been quantified only in case of their complete dissolution. It was found that at low concentrations of LcrV and Caf1 proteins extracted from microcrystals, it is necessary to concentrate the extracts with subsequent removal of salts for their reliable visualization. It has been confirmed that 10 μg of plague antigens and proteins of R. raoultii in a dose volume of 200 μl of suspension is sufficient for quantitative analysis using electrophoretic method. The prospects of other physicochemical methods alternative to direct extraction of antigens for evaluating the composition and quality of vaccine preparations are discussed.

A causal connection between the location of the identified hydrocarbon deposits in the upper structural sedimentary cover and the gradient of the amplitudes of neotectonic movements is shown. Within the framework of the chosen model, the areas, promising for hydrocarbons in the Riphean-Vendian deposits, taking into account the depth of penetration of deep hydrocarbon fluids into the sedimentary cover, correspond to certain values of the neotectonic motion amplitude gradient. Rock pressure at the Moho boundary was considered as an additional criterion controlling the oil and gas content of the territory. Two maxima have been identified, both the amount and the sum of geological reserves for oil fields. The territory was ranked according to the prospects of oil and gas potential with the allocation of unpromising zones, zones with unclear prospects, and promising zones. Two top-priority sites for the exploration of oil and gas deposits had been separated.

Electronics industry in Russia is an example of how inefficient old approaches to production can be. In XXI century, most companies have abandoned integrated device manufacturing, thus separating design and production. The main goal of this article is to analyze prospects for development of electronics in Russia with Government strategy being a huge supporting factor. Worldwide deficit of semiconductors, worsened by COVID-19, together with export sanctions imposed upon this country put a strain on both national fabless companies and IDMs, depriving them from future growth and undermining their stability. The authors employ induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis, analogy, and description, basing their work on scientific papers of the Russian and world economists as well as tech specialists. Government strategy and increased financial support may generate positive impact and assist existing foundries. However, the cherished goal of reducing dependency on market leaders (which is coveted by many nations) cannot be achieved as most producers stand in a long line before they can purchase equipment for their foundries. Therefore, the best-case scenario implies second-hand lithography systems from manufacturers wishing to upgrade. This is sufficient for sustainable development of microcontrollers but hinders high-tech aspirations of fabless companies in Russia. At the same time this issue is not limited to Russia alone - many countries have realized the need for production localization and changed their focus from either self-reliance or import substitution to partnership with leading foundries.

Aim. To evaluate the impact of anxiety disorders on adherence to anticoagulant therapy (ACT) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Materials and methods. 179 outpatients (131 women, 48 men, mean age 69.96.2 years) with AF were examined. The research methods included a physical examination according to the standards of medical care in an outpatient facility, clinical and psychopathological examination using psychometric scales. Results. Based on the assessment of adherence to ACT using the MoriskyGreen test, 2 groups of patients were identified: Group 1 patients with high adherence to ACT, Group 2 patients with partial/low adherence to ACT. In group 1, anxiety disorders were verified in 51.7% of cases, in group 2 54.3%. There were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence and severity of anxiety in the study groups. In accordance with the binary logistic regression model, the probability of high adherence to therapy is determined by higher (compared with the group of patients with partial/low adherence to therapy) scores in terms of mental health (p0.001), vital activity (p=0.02) and the total score of the SF-36 scale (p=0.08), as well as the extraversion parameter (p=0.02) of the NEO-FFI scale. Conclusion. In the present study, no significant association was found between anxiety symptoms and a decrease in adherence to ACT in patients with AF. However, the results obtained suggest a contribution to the adherence to therapy of personality characteristics.

The relevance. The most common fire extinguishing composition for the localization and elimination of natural and man-made fires is water. Almost annual increase in the areas of fires in the boreal zone, as well as the remoteness of fires from water sources, necessitates an increase in the resource efficiency of extinguishing. The main task in extinguishing man-made fires is to reduce the consumption of fire extinguishing agents, which will reduce the risk of excessive water flooding of the premises and material costs for the restoration of facilities. For these purposes, it is advisable to improve existing and develop new fire extinguishing compositions. The insufficient knowledge of the processes occurring during the interaction of drops of various typical fire extinguishing liquids with the surface of combustible materials, and the high scientific and practical significance of such studies determines the relevance. Purpose: to establish the patterns of wetting, spreading and evaporation of drops of fire extinguishing compositions on the surfaces of combustible materials during conductive heating. Object: fire extinguishing compositions (water; flame retardant solutions, FR-Les, bischofite; bentonite suspensions; foam concentrate emulsions) of various concentrations. Methods. The study of wetting and evaporation of drops of fire extinguishing compositions was carried out by the method of a «fixed» drop (placed on a solid surface using an electronic dispenser). To determine the geometric characteristics of the drops, a shadow optical system was used, and the obtained images were processed using special software using the «tangential 1» and «Young–Laplace» methods. Results. The main patterns of wetting and evaporation of drops of fire extinguishing compositions on the surfaces of combustible materials (birch leaves, wood, laminated chipboard, linoleum and polyvinyl chloride) have been established. It is shown that in suppressing the pyrolysis of combustible materials in the depth of the layer, compositions with a lower surface tension, penetrating into deeper layers of combustible material, will be more effective. Under such conditions, fragments of materials heated to high temperatures are cooled, and generation of fuel – gaseous products of thermal decomposition – is suppressed. It was established that the dominant mechanism for suppressing combustion and pyrolysis when extinguishing combustible materials (namely, when using fire retardants, bischofite, bentonite, FR-Les) is the formation of a protective layer on the surface of elements of substances and materials, and not heat absorption during solvent evaporation. The dependences of the time-average evaporation rates of droplets of fire-extinguishing compositions on the surface heating temperature are approximated by the exponential curve WE = a∙Tb.

The study of the process of moisture-thermal treatment of grain crops: wheat, oats, barley, corn, peas, bran and others was carried out in the work. The drying process examination was done on a drying plant located in the testing laboratory of JSC "Research and Production Center" All-Russian Research Institute of the Feed Industry ". Studies of the grain qualitative characteristics were carried out in the accredited testing laboratory of JSC "RPC" ARSRIFI", which allows carrying physical- and chemical analysis, mycotoxicology and microbiology of plant raw materials.

Aim. To evaluate the early manifestation of cardiotoxicity after the first course of multiagent chemotherapy (MAC) using echocardiography with an assessment of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and global longitudinal strain (GLS).Material and methods. The study included 49 cancer patients with elective MAC.Results. After the first administration of a therapeutic dose of chemotherapy, a decrease in LVEF ≥10 and GLS >15 was demonstrated in more than 6,1% of patients, as well as a subclinical decrease in LVEF ≥5% in 22,4% and a decrease in GLS ≥12% in 24,5%.Conclusion. In cancer patients, after the first course of chemotherapy, GLS dynamics should be assessed during echocardiography as a marker of myocardial dysfunction.

This work is devoted to revealing the parameters of preparing SERS substrates for studying a low concentration trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) solution by Raman spectroscopy. A study was made of the effect of treatment with a 3,5% HCl solution, deionized water, and isopropanol vapor of planar surface enhance Raman spectroscopy (SERS) structures on the resulting Raman spectra of TMAO. We used a SERS substrate representing a multilayer structure: a mirror silver layer, a thin dielectric SiO2 insulating layer, and an array of plasmonic Ag nanoparticles about 25 nm in size. The influence of the duration of the substrate soaking in the analyte solution on the quality of the Raman spectra was established. Raman studies of SERS substrates with TMAO were carried out using 532 and 785 nm lasers.

Aim. To determine the possible impact of anxiety and depression disorders on the adherence of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) to anticoagulant the rapy.Material and methods. The study included outpatients with AF of any type. After signing the informed consent, patients filled out questionnaires and scales that determined the level of anxiety and personal predisposition (MMAS-8, MMAS-4, SF-36, SHAI, STAI, HADS, NEO-FFI).Results. A total of 117 outpatients treated for AF were included. The mean age of patients was 74±5 years (men, 38%). Based on MMAS-4 and MMAS-8 results, adherent and non-adherent cohorts of patients were formed. Low adherence group had significantly higher situational anxiety according to STAI (45,9±9,9 vs 41,1±10,7, p=0,045) and depression according to HADS (7,9±3,6 vs 5,9±3,5, p=0,018). SF 36 showed that non-adherent patients had a lower general health (41,6±12,9 vs 52,2±20,0, p=0,01). Five-factor model revealed an association between low compliance and low extraversion (21,3±6,6 vs 26,4±7,2, p=0,002). Pharmacokinetic data on blood concentrations of anticoagulants or its metabolites at the second visit were available in 76 (67%) patients. Assessment of pharmacokinetic and compliance data revealed a moderate direct correlation (Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC), 0,345) and a weak direct correlation with the MMAS-8 (MCC, 0,177). The difference in MMAS-4 and MMAS-8 scores between high and low pharmacokinetic adherence groups was significant on both scales (p=0,011 and 0,015, respectively).Conclusion. The rationale for widespread introduction of standardized questionnaires and scales (MMAS 4, MMAS 8, STAI, HADS, SF 36, Big 5) was shown in order to early identify patients with low adherence to treatment. The results highlight the need for further study of the contribution of psychiatric disorders to low compliance to anticoagulant therapy.

The article substantiates the possibility of involving the population to participate in improving the quality of the urban environment in the context of digital transformation. The study was carried out within the framework of the "Digital City" or "Smart City" concept, which is aimed at solving numerous problems of rapidly growing cities and cities with a large population. The article considers the possibilities of collecting and evaluating the opinion of the population from unofficial sources of information, namely social networks. Currently, this approach is used extremely limited due to the high costs of involving groups of analysts in the assessment. In the modern world, the most important role is played by the social space on the Internet. Notably, the most popular online resources are social networks. Sentiment analysis or text tonality analysis is designed for automated identification of emotionally colored vocabulary in texts and emotional evaluation of authors (opinions) in relation to the objects referred to in the text. The method has a great potential for application for monitoring, analytical and signaling systems, for document management systems and advertising platforms targeted by the subject of web pages. The process of monitoring the collection and processing of opinions of the population about the quality of life begins with forming an opinion about the quality of life and urban services of a citizen in interaction with urban infrastructure, be it public transport, healthcare, education, housing and communal services, ecology and others. Analyzing this information, it is possible to form a better modernization policy. A model for emotional tonality analysis model makes it possible to expand the capabilities of assessment tools used for managerial decision-making by involving the population in issues of urban environment management. As a result of the program implementation of the model for collecting and analyzing emotional tonality, actively discussed topics on improving the quality of the urban environment were analyzed. Variants of estimates are obtained. At the same time, processing of these data, for example, sentiment analysis, can yield refined estimates of indicators for the quality of life of the population.

To increase the shelf life of grain crops, heat treatment with a micronizer is used. For testing, a block heating burner with radiant nozzles was developed and improved to determine the permissible content of carbon dioxide in the purified biogas when fed to a gas infrared heating system with burners. The operability of the infrared burner ГИК-8 on purified biogas with a CO2 content of 0.234.0% has been established. The temperature of the heating surface of the ГИК-8 burner on gas mixtures with a CO2 content of 18-34% is 900-950˚С, which does not differ from the nominal temperature when operating on natural gas. The possibility of ignition of a cold burner ГИК-8 at 33% CO2 content in the purified biogas has been determined.

Purpose: to evaluate the clinical and functional results of the operation the FemtoLASIK by excimer lasers with frequency more 1000 Hz in patients with low to moderate myopia.Patients and methods. The 84 eyes of 84 patients with low to moderate myopia who had undergone FemtoLASIK procedure using with excimer lasers: Schwind Amaris 1050 Hz (Germany) and Microscan Visum 1100 Hz (Russia) were included in the study. The “Schwind Amaris 1050 Hz” and “Microscan Visum 1100 Hz” groups were comparable in terms of pre-operative data (age, sex, corneal curvature, central thickness of the cornea, sphere, cylinder, SE) (p > 0.05). All patients underwent complete ophthalmological examination before refractive laser surgery, and also patients were examined on the 1st day and 1 month after FemtoLASIK.Results. One month postoperatively, in the “Schwind Amaris 1050 Hz” group the UDVA 1.0 or better (20/20 or better by Snellen) was achieved in 100 %, in the “Microscan Visum 1100 Hz” group — in 100 % (p > 0.05). There wasn’t observed a loss of the CDVA lines in both groups. In the “Schwind Amaris 1050 Hz” group gain of one or more lines of the CDVA was 14 %, in the “Microscan Visum 1100 Hz” group — in 12.2 % (p > 0.05). In the “Schwind Amaris 1050 Hz” group the predictability of targeted refraction within ±0.5 D was in 90.7, within ± 1.0 D — in 100 %, in the “Microscan Visum 1100 Hz” group — in 90.2 % and 100 %, respectively (p > 0.05).Conclusions. The FemtoLASIK procedure using with different high-frequency excimer lasers is an effective, safe and predictable method for correcting low to moderate myopia.

The aim. To evaluate the reliability of blood pressure (BP) measurement results using a cuffless blood pressure device (CardioQVARK®) in comparison with the values obtained using the Korotkov method.Materials and methods. An observational cross-sectional study of 50 patients (25 men, mean age 60 ± 14 years) with arterial hypertension was performed. Blood pressure was measured by the Korotkov method as a standard method, and a CardioQVARK® device, made in the form of a smartphone case, was used as a new method. The device records the electrocardiogram and the photoplethysmogram. Based on the parameters of the electrocardiogram and the photoplethysmogram the systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) is calculated. Correlation analysis, Student’s t-test, Bland-Altman method were used for comparing the two methods, the standard deviation of the difference and a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated.Results. There were no statistically significant differences in the mean values of SBP and DBP for the two methods. There was a strong direct relationship between SBP (r = 0.976, p < 0.0001) and DBP (r = 0.817, p < 0.0001), measured by two methods. Bias for SBP and DBP measured by the new method was: –0.5 mm Hg (95% CI: –1.7; 0.7) and –0.3 mmHg (95% CI: –1.4; 0.7), respectively. The difference in DBP measurements depended on the blood pressure level (r = 0.302, p = 0.03). The underestimation of DBP values was more pronounced for low blood pressure from 55 to 75 mm Hg. At the time of the study, 13 (26%) patients had an increase in blood pressure. The sensitivity of the new method in detecting arterial hypertension was 77% (95% CI: 46; 95), specificity 100% (95% CI: 91; 100), accuracy 94% (95% CI: 83; 99).Conclusion. The blood pressure measurement method based on the analysis of the electrocardiogram and photoplethysmogram showed reliable blood pressure measurement results in comparison with the Korotkov method.

Safflower - oil crops, the seeds contain 25-37 % provisious oil and 12% protein. The object of the research used seeds of safflower varieties Iris. Studies of the fatty acid composition of safflower oil obtained by method cold pressing. It established that omega-6 fatty acids predominate in safflower oil.It is established that in safflower oil fatty acids of 18 and 16 groups prevail, the content of other fatty acids in the sum makes 1,2 %In the test sample there is a predominance of omega-6 fatty acids (concentration of 80 % linoleic and γ-linolenic fatty acids). The article presents the research of fatty acid composition of safflower oil obtained by method cold pressing. It established that in safflower oil fatty acids of 18 and 16 groups prevail, the content of other fatty acids in the sum makes 1,2 %. In the studied sample there is a predominance of omega-6 fatty acids (concentration of 80 % linoleic and γ-linolenic fatty acids). Also defined physic-chemical characteristics of safflower oil: the acid number AN = 1, 07 mg KOH/g, peroxide number PN = 8, 09 mmol/кгО2, anisidin number AN = 3,25. Humidity safflower oil 0,03 %. The obtained values for the qualitative characteristics indicate the advantages of using this type of oil: directly for food, as well as for the production of oilseeds, such as mayonnaise, sauces, spreads; as biofuel; when designing and optimizing the recipe-tour of animal feed.

Accurate and reliable real-time fall detection is a key aspect of any intelligent elderly people care system. A lot of modern RGB-D cameras can provide a skeleton description of a human figure as a compact pose presentation. This makes it possible to use this description for further analysis without access to real video and, thus, to increase the privacy of the whole system. The skeleton description reduction based on the anthropometrical characteristics of a human body is proposed. The experimental study on the TST Fall Detection dataset v2 by the Leave-One-Person-Out method shows that the proposed skeleton description reduction technique provides better recognition quality and increases the overall performance of a Fall-Detection System.

Aim. To study indicators of epithelial dysfunction in the proximal renal tubules by determining the activity of organ-specific enzymes neutral α-glucosidase (NAG) and L-alanine aminopeptidase (LAAP), in patients with the initial stage of chronic heart failure in dyslipidemia, and the possibility of reducing with simvastatin.Material and methods. The study involved 90 subjects, who were divided into control and main groups. The control group consisted of 30 practically healthy individuals, the main group was divided into 2 subgroups: patients with stage I chronic heart failure (CHF) without type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and patients with CHF with DM2. Patients of each of the main subgroups received simvastatin 20-40 mg/day in addition to treatment of the main pathology. The main group included patients with a total serum cholesterol level of more than 6.0 mmol/l, a BMI level of more than 30 kg/m2, and who had not previously taken statins. The exclusion criterion was a violation of the filtration capacity of the kidneys and the presence of gross dysfunction of organs and systems of the body. The functional state of the proximal renal tubules was assessed by the concentration of NAG and LAAP in dialized urine.Results. Initially, the level of activity of renal enzymes in representatives of both major subgroups is higher than the group of practically healthy individuals. Taking simvastatin in the CHF without DM2 subgroup does not cause an increase in enzyme activity throughout the entire observation period, either at a daily dosage of 20 mg (NAG - 12.36±2.65 ncat/1 14.1±5.23 ncat/1 and after 3 and 6 months, LAAP - 9.4±1.62 and 11.2±2.99 ncat/1 after 3 and 6 months), or at a dosage of 40 mg/day (NAG - 30.47±3.85 and 26.2±6.75 ncat/1 after 3 and 6 months; LAAP -17.3±3.56 and 19.58±3.83 ncat/1 after 3 and 6 months). Taking simvastatin 20 mg/day in patients with CHF with DM 2 causes an increase in the NAG activity: 26.68±6.03 and 34.57±9.73 ncat/1 after 3 and 6 months). Taking simvastatin 40 mg/day increase both enzyme activity: NAG -34.3±8.7 and 46.94±9.02 ncat/1 after 3 and 6 months, LAAP - 17.08±5.81 and 22.41±4.89 ncat/1 after 3 and 6 months).Conclusion. The appointment of simvastatin in patients with dyslipidemia on the background of obesity is permissible in order to normalize lipid metabolism. Safe for the functional state of the proximal renal tubules, long-term administration of simvastatin, within the limits of medium-therapeutic dosages, is possible for patients without type 2 diabetes. Long-term use of simvastatin in patients with dyslipidemia on the background of type 2 diabetes mellitus has a negative effect on the epithelium of the proximal renal tubules, in the form of an increase in the activity of renal organ-specific enzymes, which indicates an increased dystrophy of the epithelium.

This article evaluates the work of ice winter roads and ice crossings on the roads of the Far North. An analysis is made of the transport and performance characteristics of seasonal routes and their impact on the transport network and socio-economic development of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Limiting development factors and priority areas for improving the transport network of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and the transport hub of the Arctic zone of the Far Eastern Federal District is identified, which is a strategically important issue in making managerial and geopolitical decisions. The purpose of the study of seasonal traffic routes on roads is to form a database for the subsequent increase in transport accessibility in the regions of the Far North and the formation of a stable, ensuring uninterrupted transport connection in the transport hub of the Arctic zone of the Far Eastern Federal District. The transport link will make it possible to freely pass traffic flows on sections of roads with seasonal communication routes with minimal transport and time costs. The objectives of this study are to assess the operation of ice winter roads and crossings, identify constraints to development and identify priority areas for the development of the transport network. The road network of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is the central transport hub in the Arctic zone of the Far Eastern Federal District with access to neighboring regions (Krasnoyarsk Territory, Irkutsk Region, Amur Region, Magadan Region, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug) through which transit freight and passenger transportation are carried out. The uninterrupted functioning of traffic flows both within the republic and transit flows of neighboring entities in the republic is limited in the off-season, due to seasonal routes of communication. During transitional periods, the movement of vehicles is suspended on approximately 70 % of the roads of the republic. The considered options for the development of the transport network of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and the transport hub of the Far Eastern Federal District should take into account the seasonality of transport links and the specifics of the region. The targets specified in the Strategy for the Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and Ensuring National Security until 2035, taking into account the specifics of the region, will achieve the development of trunk and transit roads in the Arctic zone of the Far Eastern Federal District and the Russian Federation as a whole.

As is well known, many important additive categories in functional analysis and algebra are not abelian. Many classical diagram assertions valid in abelian categories fail in more general additive categories without additional assumptions concerning the properties of the morphisms of the diagrams under consideration. This in particular applies to the so-called Snake Lemma, or the KerCoker-sequence. We obtain a theorem about a diagram generalizing the classical situation of the Snake Lemma in the context of categories semi-abelian in the sense of Palamodov. It is also known that, already in P-semi-abelian categories, not all kernels (respectively, cokernels) are semi-stable, that is, stable under pushouts (respectively, pullbacks). We prove a proposition showing how non-semi-stable kernels and cokernels can arise in general preabelian categories.

Purpose. To compare visual and refractive results of Femto LASIK using with optimized and conventional ablation algorithms for «Microscan Visum 1100 Hz» excimer laser i n myopia patients.Material and methods. In this study were included 146 eyes of 146 patients with myopia who had undergone Femto LASIK procedure using the different ablation algorithms: optimized and conventional. All patients underwent complete ophthalmological examination before laser refractive surgery, on the 1st day and 1, 3, 6, 12 months after F emto LASIK.Results. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the postoperative values of the sphere, cylinder, and SE refraction (p>0.05). After surgery visual acuity without correction of 1.0 and higher was observed in 89% in the main group and in 90.5% in the control group. There was no loss of CDVA lines in post-op period. The gain in one or more lines of CDVA was noted in 19.4% and 17.6% in the main and control groups, respectively. The FemtoLASIK surgery predictability within ±0.5 diopters were 90.3% in the main group and 90.5% in the control group; within ±1.0 diopters in 100% and 100%, respectively. Visual and refractive results showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05).Conclusions. 1. Femto LASIK procedure using with optimized and conventional ablation algorithms for «Microscan Visum1100 Hz» is an effective, safe and predictable method for myopia correction. 2. Optimized algorithm allows to reduce ablation depth without changing of the effective optical zone diameter.

Hydrogen stable isotope measurement in keratin samples (hair, feathers, etc.) is one of the very popular, but rather complex tasks of isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The complexity of such analyzes is associated with the rapid contamination of samples with hydrogen from atmospheric moisture. The effects of various methods of sample preparation on the measured values of δ2H is still an emerging issue in this field of study. The method of hair shredding practically does not affect the dynamics of the atmospheric moisture sorption by the samples. However, despite the same amount and isotopic composition of sorbed water, the measured δ2H values for roughly shredded and grinded hair can vary significantly and unpredictably. Equilibration the hair water content with the atmospheric moisture, even for a long time, does not completely erase the “isotope history” of the sample, which requires a review of standard sample preparation procedures.

The article provides the analysis of the GOST R and IMO MSC/Circ. requirements determining the quality of foaming agents used for fire extinguishing by foams. There are presented the differences and similarity of testing approaches, as well as the possibility of equipment usage for testing according to various acting standards in the context of Russian standards and the Maritime Register of Shipping.

The author analyses functional and demographic changes in the urban space of Cherepovets under the extreme conditions of the Great Patriotic War. Functional changes were caused by military needs, and in the situation of limited space and limited resources, led to the infringement of the urban population; at the same time they were not fully effective in rendering aid to the evacuees and military personnel. In terms of demographic changes, on the one hand, there was a haemorrhage of population, caused by mobilization and natural population decline, and on the other hand, there was an increase that resulted from migration processes.

The article considers the issue of designing at an early stage electromechanical drive of the lifting platform, which is a set of asynchronous frequency-controlled electric motor, two-stage involute bevel gear and lever mechanism scissor type. At the preliminary stage of designing the electromechanical drive of the lifting platform, its structure, types of engines and mechanisms included in it, as well as the main technical characteristics of the drive were determined. In particular, we determined the parameters of the linkage (geometric and mass-inertial characteristics), gear reducer (geometrical parameters, modules, numbers of teeth, gear ratio), carried out the choice of motor, calculation is made of kinematical and power characteristics, as well as dynamic study of the drive. The preliminary design was carried out using the Mechanic program, which does not require significant resources of a personal computer. As a result of the pre-design study, a schematic and structural solution of the lifting platform and electromechanical drive was formed, and their main technical characteristics were determined. As a result, it was proved that the use of the Mechanic program can be effectively applied at the initial stages of the design of the lifting platform, as well as various lifting and transport mechanisms and machines.

Cardiac complications are currently the leading cause of early mortality following liver transplantation. Guidelines for the cardiac workup prior liver transplantation are limited. In this review we are discussing commonly modalities used for cardiovascular evaluation of liver transplant candidates.Authors declare no conflict of interest.

The article analyses the synthetic nature of the beliefs of Luis de Carvajal el Moso, the founder of Jewish literature in Spanish Mexico at the end of the 16th century. His legacy consists of an autobiography, letters and the case in the Inquisition. Unable to get a good religious education in accordance with the rules of the Law of Moses, Luis de Carvajal tried to build his identity, based solely on the Latin tradition of the Bible and on historical works about biblical antiquities. In his religious work, he combined Jewish and Christian elements, which reflects the nature of crypto-Jewish culture in the intellectual climate of New Spain in the 16th century. Polemics with Catholic dogmas and the Inquisition, Luis de Carvajal in his works creates a positive Jewish identity based on Jewish sources and Christian literature. The article also explores the mystical experience of Luis de Carvajal, which is based on the Bible (especially the prophetic books), and also is under the influence of some Christian authors, in particular St. Augustine. All this served as the basis of his work and created the concept of prophetic service in his life.

The article describes the features developed by the authors of the profiling method of the piston skirt, provides the main parameters that affect the lubrication conditions of the piston skirt and the magnitude of mechanical losses. In computational studies, the basic formulas are given for determining the thickness of the oil layer in a piston skirt - cylinder sleeve conjunction to assess the nature of friction. To determine the deformations, the finite element method is used on the spatial model of the piston. To verify the finite element model, a stand for experimental studies was developed. The article describes the developed stand, the methodology and results of experimental studies of the stress-strain state of the two-piece piston skirt obtained at this stand and a comparative analysis of the results of the calculated and experimental studies of the stress-strain state of the two-piece piston skirt of a diesel engine. The research results showed that the developed stand can be used to verify mathematical models for calculating the stress-strain state of the piston skirt in the pilot production of internal combustion engine pistons to accelerate and reduce the cost of the piston design development process, as well as the results of experimental studies obtained at the stand, can be used as initial data for the developed mathematical model of the dynamics of the movement of the piston and the profiling of the piston skirt.

Aim of the study was to evaluate the surgeries of tentorial meningiomas in Neurosurgical Department No.1 of the Novosibirsk Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics. Material and methods. Study includes 64 patients with tentorial meningiomas of different location, treated surgically from 2008 to 2017. Among them 55 (85.9 %) were female patients and 9 were male (14.1 %) with average age of 62.9 years in females and 56.7 years in males. For diagnostic purposes, the patients were performed brain magnetic resonance imaging and/or computed tomography with or without contrast agents. In this series, 83 % of the tumors were of large or giant (with diameter of more than 4 cm). In 63 cases the tumors were typical meningiomas and only 1 case was a malignant anaplastic meningioma. Results. All patients were treated surgically in one or two steps. Overall, there were 70 standard microsurgical resections. Electromyography with Neuropack-2 («NIHON KOHDEN Corp.», Japan) was performed to control brain stem function during the surgery, with short latency auditory evoked potentials (SLAEPs) received. When sinus walls were affected, the tumor matrix was processed with 20W neodymium laser in coherent mode and ablation. In 63 cases, gross-total resection was achieved: Simpson I (76.6 %, n = 49) and Simpson II (21.8 %, n = 14). One patient (1.6 %) was treated with subtotal resection because of complicated surgical approach and massive transverse sinus and sinus confluence bleeding. Post-operative mortality was 3.1 % (2 cases). SLAEP data did not demonstrate any significant irritation or damage to the brain stem with performed surgical approaches. There were no infections of the surgical wound, meninges, brain or CSF leaks after the surgery. Discussion. Tentorial meningiomas are rare brain tumors treated with gross-total tumor resection when possible. Performed surgeries resulted in mild functional decrease in quality of life, but Karnofsky scale for each patient was returning to its original state in 2 weeks. Complications, including neurological disability, presented in 19 % (n = 12) of the patients, and post-operative mortality did not exceed the common literature data. Most of the focal neurological disabilities have disappeared in 2 weeks after the surgery.

Purpose. To evaluate visual and refractive results of FemtoLASIK using the WaveLight EX 500 and Microscan Visum excimer laser systems in patients with low to moderate myopia.Material and methods. This study was performed in 62 eyes of 62 patients with low to moderate myopia operated according to the FemtoLASIK technique using the different excimer lasers WaveLight EX 500 (USA) and Microscan Visum (Russia). All patients underwent a complete ophthalmological examination before the laser refractive surgery, on the 1st day and 1 month after the FemtoLASIK. The results are presented as Me (Q25; Q75).Results. Postoperatively the uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) increased from 0.05 (0.04; 0.10) to 1.00 (1.00; 1.00) (p0.05), the safety index was 1.00 (1.00; 1.00) and 1.00 (1.00; 1.00), respectively (p>0.05). Visual and refractive results showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). The ablation depth was higher in the ≪Microscan Visum≫ group compared with the ≪WaveLight EX 500≫ group.Conclusions. 1. The conventional FemtoLASIK procedure using the WaveLight EX 500 and Microscan Visum excimer lasers, is an effective and safe method for low to moderate myopia correction. There is no statistically significant difference between two algorithms (p>0.05). 2. It is necessary to improve the standard ablation algorithm on the Microscan Visum excimer laser platform to reduce the ablation depth.

The issues of ensuring the reliability of equipment in order to improve the safety of its work are considered. The article proposes a method for modeling a general population of a finite volume using small samples of input data. The optimization of truck maintenance intervals is provided.

Amiodarone-induced type 2 thyrotoxicosis remains a significant problem of modern endocrinology and cardiology. The unique pharmacological character and multifaceted properties of amiodarone explain its high prescription frequency and the leading position among antiarrhythmic drugs. In its turn, cytotoxicity and supra-physiological iodine content in the drug increase the risk of drug-induced destructive thyroiditis. The development of thyrotoxicosis leads to recurrence of cardiac arrhythmias, increased left ventricular dysfunction and manifestations of chronic heart failure. Correct identification of the type of thyrotoxicosis determines the subsequent patient management strategy. Glucocorticoids have been recognized as the first-line treatment among the possible therapy options. Rapid correction of thyrotoxicosis is crucial, especially in elderly patients with severe heart disease. Of interest for practical medicine is the search for specific predictors (deep understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms) and new possibilities of therapy for amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis type 2.

Aim. To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a noninvasive method of fractional flow reserve (FFR) assessment based on a one-dimensional hemodynamic model build on data obtained from the coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).Material and methods. The study enrolled 57 patients: 16 of them underwent 64-slice computed tomography — included retrospectively, 34 — prospectively, with a 640-slice CT scan. Specialists from the Laboratory of Mathematical Modeling processed CT images and evaluated noninvasive FFR. Ischemia was confirmed if FFR